直接命令开始
/etc/passwd：用户信息文件
/etc/shadow：查看用户密码文件
/etc/group：组信息文件
/etc/gshadow：组密码文件
echo $HOME：用户家目录
echo $PATH：用户shell目录
id：显示用户信息
passwd：修改用户密码
[[email protected] ~]# head -n 3 /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin [[email protected] ~]# head -n 3 /etc/shadow root:$6$s8x1Sj7r$Hi1TJbCG.jKn.FUdHvmDr3iwUeNkDehDo1ivbcffXG.PaXNHRb3fDzgw86PRS00cltaZwMmB/nNroO2sH9Aeu.:16584:0:99999:7::: bin:*:16141:0:99999:7::: daemon:*:16141:0:99999:7::: [[email protected] ~]# head -n 3 /etc/group root:x:0: bin:x:1: daemon:x:2: [[email protected] ~]# head -n 3 /etc/gshadow root::: bin::: daemon::: [[email protected] ~]# id root uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
usermod：修改用户的属性
[[email protected] ~]# usermod
Usage: usermod [options] LOGIN
Options:
-c, --comment COMMENT new value of the GECOS field
-d, --home HOME_DIR new home directory for the user account 家目录
-e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE
-f, --inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration
to INACTIVE
-g, --gid GROUP force use GROUP as new primary group gid的值
-G, --groups GROUPS new list of supplementary GROUPS 所属组
-a, --append append the user to the supplemental GROUPS 添加组
mentioned by the -G option without removing
him/her from other groups
-h, --help display this help message and exit
-l, --login NEW_LOGIN new value of the login name
-L, --lock lock the user account 锁定用户
-m, --move-home move contents of the home directory to the
new location (use only with -d)
-o, --non-unique allow using duplicate (non-unique) UID
-p, --password PASSWORD use encrypted password for the new password
-R, --root CHROOT_DIR directory to chroot into
-s, --shell SHELL new login shell for the user account shell程序
-u, --uid UID new UID for the user account
-U, --unlock unlock the user account 解锁用户
-Z, --selinux-user SEUSER new SELinux user mapping for the user account
userdel：删除命令(特别需要注意，删除的时候跟上-r参数)
useradd：添加用户(大家自己看help文档，大同小异)
groupadd：添加组(大家自己看help文档)
groupdel：删除组
groupmod：修改组属性
管理用户的密码：chage
chage -m 0 -M 90 -W 7 -I 14 username
chage -d 0 username：强制下一次启动修改密码
chage -l username：列出当前用户的设置
chage -E YYYY-MM-DD：修改时间
[[email protected] ~]# chage -M 90 stu [[email protected] ~]# chage -l stu Last password change : May 22, 2015 Password expires : Aug 20, 2015 Password inactive : never Account expires : never Minimum number of days between password change : 0 Maximum number of days between password change : 90 Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
时间： 2024-10-14 00:19:35