由于最近工作涉及SQL语句较多，对一些不常见的SQL函数、及存储过程下面进行整理和描述，供大家分享：
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1、获取所有用户名:
islogin=‘1‘ :表示帐户
islogin=‘0‘ :表示角色
status=‘2‘ :表示用户帐户
status=‘0‘ :表示系统帐户
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SELECT name
FROM sysusers
WHERE status = ‘0‘
AND islogin = ‘1‘
/**************************************************************************************************************
2、获取所有数据库名:
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SELECT name
FROM master..sysdatabases
ORDER BY name
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3、获取所有表名:
XType=‘U‘ :表示所有用户表;
XType=‘S‘ :表示所有系统表;
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SELECT name
FROM 数据库名..sysobjects
WHERE xtype = ‘U‘
ORDER BY name
/**************************************************************************************************************
4、获取所有字段名:
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SELECT name
FROM syscolumns
WHERE id = Object_id(‘表名‘)
/**************************************************************************************************************
5、获取数据库所有类型:
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SELECT name
FROM systypes
/**************************************************************************************************************
6、获取主键字段:
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SELECT name
FROM syscolumns
WHERE id = Object_id(‘表名‘)
AND colid = (SELECT TOP 1 keyno
FROM sysindexkeys
WHERE id = Object_id(‘表名‘))
/**************************************************************************************************************
7、获取表字段的基本信息:
a.
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SELECT 字段名 = Rtrim(b.name)
,主键 = CASE
WHEN h.id IS NOT NULL THEN ‘PK‘
ELSE ‘‘
END
,字段类型 = Type_name(b.xusertype)
+ CASE
WHEN b.colstat & 1 = 1 THEN ‘[ID(‘
+ CONVERT(VARCHAR,Ident_seed(a.name))
+ ‘,‘
+ CONVERT(VARCHAR,Ident_incr(a.name))
+ ‘)]‘
ELSE ‘‘
END
,长度 = b.length
,允许空 = CASE b.isnullable
WHEN 0 THEN ‘N‘
ELSE ‘Y‘
END
,默认值 = Isnull(e.TEXT,‘‘)
,字段说明 = Isnull(c.VALUE,‘‘)
FROM sysobjects a
INNER JOIN sys.all_objects aa
ON a.id=aa.object_id
AND schema_name(schema_id)=‘dbo‘
,syscolumns b
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.extended_properties c
ON b.id = c.major_id
AND b.colid = c.minor_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN syscomments e
ON b.cdefault = e.id
LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT g.id
,g.colid
FROM sysindexes f
,sysindexkeys g
WHERE (f.id = g.id)
AND (f.indid = g.indid)
AND (f.indid > 0)
AND (f.indid < 255)
AND (f.status & 2048) <> 0) h
ON (b.id = h.id)
AND (b.colid = h.colid)
WHERE (a.id = b.id)
AND (a.id = Object_id(‘表名‘)) --要查询的表改成你要查询表的名称
ORDER BY b.colid
/**************************************************************************************************************
b.
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SELECT 表名 = CASE
WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.name
ELSE ‘‘
END
,表说明 = CASE
WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN Isnull(f.VALUE,‘‘)
ELSE ‘‘
END
,字段序号 = a.colorder
,字段名 = a.name
,标识 = CASE
WHEN Columnproperty(a.id,a.name,‘IsIdentity‘) = 1 THEN ‘√‘
ELSE ‘‘
END
,主键 = CASE
WHEN EXISTS (SELECT 1
FROM sysobjects
WHERE xtype = ‘PK‘
AND name IN (SELECT name
FROM sysindexes
WHERE indid IN (SELECT indid
FROM sysindexkeys
WHERE id = a.id
AND colid = a.colid))) THEN ‘√‘
ELSE ‘‘
END
,类型 = b.name
,字段长度 = a.length
,占用字节数 = Columnproperty(a.id,a.name,‘PRECISION‘)
,小数位数 = Isnull(Columnproperty(a.id,a.name,‘Scale‘),0)
,允许空 = CASE
WHEN a.isnullable = 1 THEN ‘√‘
ELSE ‘‘
END
,默认值 = Isnull(e.TEXT,‘‘)
,字段说明 = Isnull(g.[value],‘‘)
FROM syscolumns a
LEFT JOIN systypes b
ON a.xusertype = b.xusertype
INNER JOIN sysobjects d
ON (a.id = d.id)
AND (d.xtype = ‘U‘)
AND (d.name <> ‘dtproperties‘)
INNER JOIN sys.all_objects c
ON d.id=c.object_id
AND schema_name(schema_id)=‘dbo‘
LEFT JOIN syscomments e
ON a.cdefault = e.id
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties g
ON (a.id = g.major_id)
AND (a.colid = g.minor_id)
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties f
ON (d.id = f.major_id)
AND (f.minor_id = 0)
--where d.name=‘要查询的表‘ --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件
ORDER BY a.id
,a.colorder
/***************************************************************************************************************
c. 前两种不完整~
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-- 資料庫中所有資料表：透過內定的Stored Procedure sp_tables
EXEC sp_tables @table_name = ‘%‘,@table_owner = ‘dbo‘,@table_qualifier = @DBName;
-- 取得資料表Schema
EXEC sp_columns @TableName
-- 取得欄位說明、備註(Extended Property)：這個是透過Sql內定的Function來處理
SELECT * FROM ::fn_listextendedproperty(NULL, ‘user‘, ‘dbo‘, ‘table‘, @TableName, ‘column‘, default)
-- 取得主索引
EXEC sp_pkeys @TableName/**************************************************************************************************************
表及字段描述信息处理示例
**************************************************************************************************************/--创建表
CREATE TABLE 表 (
a1 VARCHAR(10)
,a2 CHAR(2))
--为表添加描述信息
EXECUTE Sp_addextendedproperty N‘MS_Description‘ , ‘人员信息表‘ , N‘user‘ , N‘dbo‘ , N‘table‘ , N‘表‘ , NULL , NULL
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty
@name=N‘MS_Description‘, @value=N‘人员信息表‘ ,
@level0type=N‘SCHEMA‘,@level0name=N‘dbo‘,
@level1type=N‘TABLE‘,@level1name=N‘表‘--为字段a1添加描述信息
EXECUTE Sp_addextendedproperty N‘MS_Description‘ , ‘姓名‘ , N‘user‘ , N‘dbo‘ , N‘table‘ , N‘表‘ , N‘column‘ , N‘a1‘
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty
@name=N‘MS_Description‘, @value=N‘人员信息表‘ ,
@level0type=N‘SCHEMA‘,@level0name=N‘dbo‘,
@level1type=N‘TABLE‘,@level1name=N‘表‘,
@level2type=N‘COLUMN‘,@level2name=N‘a1‘--为字段a2添加描述信息
EXECUTE Sp_addextendedproperty N‘MS_Description‘ , ‘性别‘ , N‘user‘ , N‘dbo‘ , N‘table‘ , N‘表‘ , N‘column‘ , N‘a2‘
--更新表中列a1的描述属性：
EXEC Sp_updateextendedproperty ‘MS_Description‘ , ‘字段1‘ , ‘user‘ , dbo , ‘table‘ , ‘表‘ , ‘column‘ , a1
--显示表的描述属性
SELECT *
FROM ::fn_listextendedproperty(NULL,‘user‘,‘dbo‘,‘table‘,‘表‘,‘column‘,NULL)
--删除表中列a1的描述属性：
EXEC Sp_dropextendedproperty ‘MS_Description‘ , ‘user‘ , dbo , ‘table‘ , ‘表‘ , ‘column‘ , a1
--删除测试
DROP TABLE 表
SQL获取数据库名，表名，列名，说明等信息