最近接触了gtest，google的开源c++单元测试框架。讲一下在ubuntu上的使用步骤。
安装 gtest development package:
sudo apt-get install libgtest-dev
注意这一步只是安装源代码到/usr/src/gtest，需要用cmake构建Makefile然后再make生成静态库。
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sudo apt-get install cmake #安装cmake cd /usr/src/gtest sudo cmake CMakeLists.txt sudo make sudo cp *.a /usr/lib/ #拷贝生成的库到/usr/lib/ |
写一个简单的测试代码testgcd.cpp
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//testgcd.cpp
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
int Gcd(int a, int b) //计算最大公约数
{
return 0 == b ? a : Gcd(b, a % b);
}
TEST(GcdTest, IntTest)
{
EXPECT_EQ(1, Gcd(2, 5));
EXPECT_EQ(2, Gcd(2, 5));
EXPECT_EQ(2, Gcd(2, 4));
EXPECT_EQ(3, Gcd(6, 9));
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
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接着用g++编译，注意要链接的库(也可以用cmake构建,这只是个简单的示例):
g++ testgcd.cpp -lgtest_main -lgtest -lpthread
执行下
./a.out
看看输出结果：
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[==========] Running 1 test from 1 test case. [----------] Global test environment set-up. [----------] 1 test from GcdTest [ RUN ] GcdTest.IntTest testgcd.cpp:11: Failure Value of: Gcd(2, 5) Actual: 1 Expected: 2 [ FAILED ] GcdTest.IntTest (0 ms) [----------] 1 test from GcdTest (0 ms total) [----------] Global test environment tear-down [==========] 1 test from 1 test case ran. (0 ms total) [ PASSED ] 0 tests. [ FAILED ] 1 test, listed below: [ FAILED ] GcdTest.IntTest 1 FAILED TEST |
输出结果也比较容易看懂。关于gtest更多文档和使用可以参考官方手册。
工程下的测试
当测试项目比较多的时候，一般会分离头文件和实现文件，然后可以用cmake构建。
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//!gcd.h
#ifndef GCD_H
#define GCD_H
int Gcd(int a, int b);
#endif
//!gcd.cpp
#include "gcd.h"
int Gcd(int a, int b)
{
return 0 == b ? a : Gcd(b, a % b);
}
//!testgcd.cpp
#include "gcd.h"
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
TEST(GcdTest, IntTest)
{
EXPECT_EQ(1, Gcd(2, 5));
EXPECT_EQ(2, Gcd(2, 5));
EXPECT_EQ(2, Gcd(2, 4));
EXPECT_EQ(3, Gcd(6, 9));
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
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接下来写一个CMakeLists.txt:(具体信息参考cmake的文档）
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cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)
# Locate GTest
find_package(GTest REQUIRED)include_directories(${GTEST_INCLUDE_DIRS})
# Link testgcd with what we want to test and the GTest and pthread
libraryadd_executable(testgcd testgcd.cpp gcd.cpp)
target_link_libraries(testgcd ${GTEST_LIBRARIES} pthread)
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执行:
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cmake CMakeLists.txt make ./testgcd |
可以看到相同的执行结果。
参考
Getting started with Google Test (GTest) on Ubuntu
A quick introduction to the Google C++ Testing Framework
时间： 2024-08-01 07:38:43