LeetCode: Linked List Cycle II [142]

【题目】

Given a linked list, return the node where the cycle begins. If there is no cycle, return null.

Follow up:

Can you solve it without using extra space?

【题意】

给定一个单向链表,如果链表有环,则返回环开始的位置。

【思路】

仍然是维护两个指针, p1, p2, p1每次走一步, p2每次走两步

假设进入环之前要走X步,环长为y步,p2第一次追上p1时,p1在环上走了z步, 则有

x+y+z = 2(x+z)  =>  y=x+z => y-z=x

y-z是第一次相遇点离环进入点的步长,这说明第一次相遇点距离环进入点与链表起始点到环入口的步长相等。

所以当第一次相遇后,p2返回链表头,然后也以一步速和p1同时向前走,则p1和p2再次相遇的点即为环入口

【代码】

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode *detectCycle(ListNode *head) {
        if(head==NULL)return NULL;
        //确定第一次相遇点
        ListNode* p1=head;
        ListNode* p2=head;
        while(p2){
            //p1向前移动一步
            p1=p1->next;
            //p2向前移动两步
            p2=p2->next;
            if(p2) p2=p2->next;
            if(p2 && p1==p2) break;
        }
        //如果没有环
        if(p2==NULL)return NULL;
        //如果有环
        //p2指向链表头
        p2=head;
        //p1p2都已一步速向前推进,直至相遇
        while(p1!=p2){
            p1=p1->next;
            p2=p2->next;
        }
        return p1;
    }
};

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时间: 2024-11-24 16:03:00

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