leetcode笔记:Maximum Product of Word Lengths

一. 题目描述

Given a string array words, find the maximum value of length(word[i]) * length(word[j]) where the two words do not share common letters. You may assume that each word will contain only lower case letters. If no such two words exist, return 0.

Example 1:

Given ["abcw", "baz", "foo", "bar", "xtfn", "abcdef"]

Return 16

The two words can be "abcw", "xtfn".

Example 2:

Given ["a", "ab", "abc", "d", "cd", "bcd", "abcd"]

Return 4

The two words can be "ab", "cd".

Example 3:

Given ["a", "aa", "aaa", "aaaa"]

Return 0

No such pair of words.

二. 题目分析

题目大意:给定一个字符串数组words,寻找length(words[i]) * length(words[j])的最大值,其中words[i]words[j] 两个单词不包含相同的字母。你可以假设每一个单词只包含小写字母。如果不存在这样的两个单词,结果返回0。

对于题目的要求,首先需要统计words中每个单词的小写字母a-z是否存在,然后一次枚举words[i]words[j],找出最大长度maxLength

这里可以使用32位整数来表示每个单词的字母存在情况。我们知道小写字母a~z有26位,因此一个32位整数的低26位可以用于标记a~z各个字母是否出现,比如最低位标记‘a‘是否出现;第二位标记‘b‘是否出现…以此类推,以下给出两个例子:

对于abcd,可被标记为:0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111

对于acxy,可被标记为:0000 0001 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101

因此,只需申请一个int srtToBit[26]的数组,通过简单的位操作即可完成字符串标记。

标记完成后,开始两两比较数组,如"abcd"被标记为:0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111"wxyz"被标记为:1111 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000,由于两字符串不含相同的字母,因此两个整数值相与(&),结果必然为0,这样,就找出了这样的字符串对。

三. 示例代码

class Solution {
public:
    int maxProduct(vector<string>& words) {
        int SIZE = words.size();
        vector<int> strToBit(SIZE);
        // 将各字符串转换为32位整数,用各位上的状态
        // 0 & 1 来表示是否出现对应的字母,如acxyz为
        // 1010 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0111
        // 32为整数存放在数组strToBit中
        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i)
        {
            int temp = 0;
            for (int j = 0; j < words[i].size(); ++j)
            {
                temp |= (1 << (‘x‘ - words[i][j]));

            }
            strToBit[i] = temp;
        }
        int maxLength = 0;
        // 分别对各字符串进行与运算
        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE - 1; ++i)
            for (int j = i + 1; j < SIZE; ++j)
                if ((strToBit[i] & strToBit[j]) == 0)
                    maxLength = max(maxLength, static_cast<int>(words[i].size() * words[j].size()));

        return maxLength;
    }
};

四. 小结

实现该题目的方法有很多,使用位运算是比较高效和精妙的方法。

时间: 2024-08-25 11:36:38

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