DataGuard是甲骨文推出的一种高可用性数据库方案,在Oracle 8i之前被称为Standby Database。从Oracle 9i开始,正式更名为Data Guard。它是在主节点与备用节点间通过日志同步来保证数据的同步,可以实现数据库快速切换与灾难性恢复。Data Guard只是在软件上对数据库进行设置,并不需要额外购买任何组件。用户能够在对主数据库影响很小的情况下,实现主备数据库的同步。而主备机之间的数据差异只限于在线日志部分,因此被不少企业用作数据容灾解决方案。(以上是度娘解释,本人理解 dataguard设计之初为异地容灾,他的应急切换能提供很好的高可用,但同时对外服务还是只有一台pridb,所以性能未有所提高)此次配置为dataguard物理备库最大性能模式。
1)linux操作系统安装并安装oracle10g软件
ps:主库安装数据库软件并建库,备库只需要安装oracle软件不需要建库
以下主库简称pridb备库stydb
linux安装oracle10g传送门:http://blog.csdn.net/w63667329/article/details/7890172
本次环境:
pridb 172.25.56.149
stydb 172.25.56.150
2)pridb配置
1.查看是否开启归档模式(由于dataguard高性能需要运用到archivelog恢复stydb,所以必须开启)
archive log list
如果没有开启 需将数据库打至mount模式后开启
alter database archivelog;
alter database force logging;(开启强制归档,有时候由于语句not logging 可能未生成redolog)
生成standby controlfile
alter database create standby controlfile as ‘/u01/temp/standbycontrolfile.ctl‘;
2.查询pridb如下文件位置
datafile (select name from v$datafile;)
redologfile (select member from v$logfile;)
controlfile (show parameter control_files)
spfile (show parameter spfile)
3.关闭主库shutdown immediate
4.把datafile standbycontrolfile redologfile spfile listener.ora tnsnames.ora passwdfile拷贝至备库相应位置(如果没有相应文件夹,新建同名文件夹)
scp/u01/oradata/WILLSON/ [email protected]:/u01/oradata/
scp standbycontrolfile.ctl [email protected]:/u01/oradata/
scp listener.ora tnsnames.ora [email protected]:/u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
scp orapwWILLSON spfileWILLSON.ora [email protected]:/u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/
scp -r WILLSON/ [email protected]:/u01/admin/
5.配置pridb角色,配置归档日志地址,配置切换模式
alter system set log_archive_config=‘DG_CONFIG=(pridb,stydb)‘;
alter system set db_unique_name=‘pridb‘ scope=spfile;
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘LOCATION=/u01/oradata/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pridb‘;
alter system set log_archive_dest_2=‘SERVICE=stydb VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stydb‘;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=‘enable‘;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=‘enable‘;
alter system set FAL_CLIENT=‘pridb‘;
alter system set FAL_SERVER=‘stydb‘;
alter system set standby_archive_dest=‘/u01/oradata/archivelog‘;
alter system set standby_file_management=‘auto‘;
6.配置监听
[[email protected] admin]$ more listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = WILLSON)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.149)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
[[email protected] admin]$ moretnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
WILLSON =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.149)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)
)
)
pridb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.149)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)
)
)
stydb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.150)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)
)
)
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
3)stydb配置
1.启动备库至mount状态(如果失败查看初始化参数文件和控制文件是否更新)
startup mount;
2.配置备库参数
alter system set log_archive_config=‘DG_CONFIG=(pridb,stydb)‘;
alter system set db_unique_name=‘stydb‘scope=spfile;
shutdown immediate
startup mount
alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘LOCATION=/u01/oradata/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stydb‘;
alter system set log_archive_dest_2=‘SERVICE=pridb VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pridb‘;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=‘enable‘;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=‘enable‘;
alter system set FAL_CLIENT=‘stydb‘;
alter system set FAL_SERVER=‘pridb‘;
alter system set standby_archive_dest=‘/u01/oradata/archivelog‘;
alter system set standby_file_management=‘auto‘;
alter database force logging;
shutdown immediate
3.配置监听
[[email protected] admin]$ morelistener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = WILLSON)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.150)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
[[email protected] admin]$ more tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
WILLSON =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.150)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)
)
)
pridb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.149)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)
)
)
stydb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.150)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)
)
)
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
4)测试配置
pridb:
alter database open;
select open_mode,database_role from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
---------- ----------------
READ WRITE PRIMARY
stydb
startup;
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect;
select open_mode,database_role from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
---------- ----------------
MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY
同步测试:
pridb:
select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;
stydb:
select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;
就此oracle dataguard for linux 配置完成了,dataguard切换测试另有传送门:http://blog.csdn.net/w63667329/article/details/7900270