1.给小表弟汇总一个院校列表,想来想去可以写一个小爬虫爬下来方便些,所以就看了看怎么用python写,到了基本能用的程度,没有什么特别的技巧,大多都是百度搜的,遇事不决问百度啦
2.基本流程就是:
用request爬取一个页面之后用BeautifulSoup4对爬到的页面进行处理,
然后需要的东西进行预处理之后存到桌面上的.txt文件里,
之后再对.txt文件里的字符串进行分割,
最后把数据存到excel表里
3.准备:需要下载安装requests库,以及BeautifulSoup4的库,还有xlsxwriter库,相关安装方法网上一大堆
4.爬取页面的网页源代码:
5.将爬取的数据存到.txt文件中:
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import requests import os def get_soup(): r = requests.get("http://www.eol.cn/html/g/gxmd/bj/", timeout=30) # 判断网络链接的状态,连接错误将产生一个异常 #print(r.status_code) r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text,features="html.parser") return soup; #删除前几个元素 def del_previous_ele(full_list): for i in range(8): full_list.remove(full_list[0]) return full_list; #获取学校名称,学校编号,主管部门,办学层次 def select_school_ele(full_list): school_list = [] for i in range(full_list.__len__()): //这里是对获取的所有学校列表进行遍历,取出需要的数据 if (i % 7) == 1 or (i % 7) == 2 or (i % 7) == 3 or (i%7) == 5 : school_list.append(full_list[i].string+"\t") //获取到一个学校完整的信息之后就在后面换行 if (i%7) == 5: school_list.append(" \n") else: pass return school_list; #将数据写入文件 def createFile(txt): file = open(‘C:\\Users\\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\\Desktop\\school.txt‘, ‘w‘) file.writelines(txt) file.close(); print("写入成功") if __name__ == "__main__": soup = get_soup() full_list = del_previous_ele(soup.find_all(align="center")) school_list = select_school_ele(full_list) createFile(school_list)
6.对school.txt文件进行处理,处理完了存到excel文件里
import os import xlsxwriter def get_file(path,mode_): list = ""; file = open(path,mode_) list = file.read() file.close() return list def write_excel(list): workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook("C:\\Users\\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\\Desktop\\school.xlsx") worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet("school") #5个属性为一组 list_5_item = list.split("\n") # print(len(list_5_item)) for i in range(len(list_5_item)): specific_school = list_5_item[i].split("\t") print(len(specific_school)) for j in range(len(specific_school)): worksheet.write( i , j , specific_school[j]) if __name__ == "__main__": list = get_file(‘C:\\Users\\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXx\\Desktop\\new.txt‘, ‘r‘) write_excel(list)
7.完成结果:
文本文件:
school.xlsx文件:
8.到这里就结束啦,因为刚接触写爬虫,所以有些地方难免写的不好,不喜勿喷啦
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/LinKinSJ/p/9501168.html
时间: 2024-10-11 15:58:13