1、手动创建Snapshots
exec dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot(); OR BEGIN DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_SNAPSHOT (); END /
2、手动删除Snapshots
exec dbms_workload_repository.drop_snapshot_range(low_snap_id => 6770,high_snap_id => 6774,dbid => 4059638244); OR BEGIN dbms_workload_repository.drop_snapshot_range(low_snap_id => 6770, high_snap_id => 6774, dbid => 4059638244); END /
这种方法删除是通过delete的会产生大量redo,建议直接删除相关分区
3、修改快照设置
-----查看快照策略 SQL> col SNAP_INTERVAL format a30 SQL> col RETENTION format a30 SQL> set linesize 150 SQL> select * from dba_hist_wr_control; DBID SNAP_INTERVAL RETENTION TOPNSQL ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- 2956179842 +00000 00:30:00.0 +00016 00:00:00.0 DEFAULT ------生成修改快照策略的语句 set linesize 1000 pagesize 5000 col cmd for a200 SELECT ‘exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS(retention => 16*24*60,INTERVAL => 30,dbid => ‘ || DBID || ‘ );‘ cmd FROM dba_hist_wr_control; ------其他参数修改 DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.AWR_SET_REPORT_THRESHOLDS( top_n_events IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, top_n_files IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, top_n_segments IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, top_n_services IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, top_n_sql IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, top_n_sql_max IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, top_sql_pct IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, shmem_threshold IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, versions_threshold IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL); exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.AWR_SET_REPORT_THRESHOLDS(top_n_sql=>30); ------修改快照策略 BEGIN DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS(retention => 18*24*60, INTERVAL => 30, dbid => 1328382724); END /
4、AWR生成常用脚本
-----相关脚本说明 ?awrrpt.sql :生成指定快照区间的统计报表; ?awrrpti.sql :生成指定数据库实例,并且指定快照区间的统计报表; ?awrsqlrpt.sql :生成指定快照区间,指定SQL语句(实际指定的是该语句的SQLID)的统计报表; ?awrsqrpi.sql :生成指定数据库实例,指定快照区间的指定SQL语句的统计报表; ?awrddrpt.sql :指定两个不同的时间周期,生成这两个周期的统计对比报表; ?awrddrpi.sql :指定数据库实例,并指定两个的不同时间周期,生成这两个周期的统计对比报表; --1.生成单实例 AWR 报告: @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql --2.生成 Oracle RAC AWR 报告: @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrgrpt.sql --3.生成 RAC 环境中特定数据库实例的 AWR 报告: @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrrpti.sql --4.生成 Oracle RAC 环境中多个数据库实例的 AWR 报告的方法: @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrgrpti.sql --5.生成 SQL 语句的 AWR 报告: @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrsqrpt.sql --6.生成特定数据库实例上某个 SQL 语句的 AWR 报告: @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrsqrpi.sql ----生成 AWR 时段对比报告 --7.生成单实例 AWR 时段对比报告 @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrddrpt.sql --9.生成 Oracle RAC AWR 时段对比报告 @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrgdrpt.sql --10.生成特定数据库实例的 AWR 时段对比报告 @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrddrpi.sql --11.生成 Oracle RAC 环境下特定(多个)数据库实例的 AWR 时段对比报告 @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrgdrpi.sql
5、常见问题
5.1、AWR快照数据和ASH数据未正常产生,一般是由于Oracle mman和mmnl进程异常导致的,可以尝试下列方法解决
1)、重启一下mmon的刷新
alter system set "_swrf_mmon_flush"=false;
alter system set "_swrf_mmon_flush"=true;
2)、或者,找到mmon进程杀掉,让数据库自动重启一个新的mmon进程,或者重启下实例。
ps -ef|grep mmon
kill -9 xxxxxx
MMON负责执行与AWR相关的任务。包括收集数据库统计信息,收集AWR快照,启动各种自动维护作业JOB,生成超过阀值告警信息。
MMNL负责执行与ASH相关的任务。
5.2、生成awr报告时报错,抛出ORA-06502: PL/SQL: 数字或值错误 : 字符串缓冲区太小
ERROR:
ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: character string buffer too small
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY", line 919
ORA-06512: at line 1
解决方法:
1、截断sql_text
update WRH$_SQLTEXT set sql_text = SUBSTR(sql_text, 1, 1000);
commit;
2、补丁13527323
Patch 13527323
3、 Use following workaround:
sqlplus / as sysdba
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/prvsawr.plb
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/prvtawr.plb
5.3、SYSAUX表空间中WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY占用大量空间
SELECT owner, segment_name, partition_name, segment_type, bytes/1024/1024/1024 Size_GB FROM dba_segments WHERE segment_name=‘WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY‘; --修改参数手动出发AWR表的新分区生成 alter session set "_swrf_test_action" = 72; --通过下列脚本获取AWR分区对应的快照ID set serveroutput on declare CURSOR cur_part IS SELECT partition_name from dba_tab_partitions WHERE table_name = ‘WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY‘; query1 varchar2(200); query2 varchar2(200); TYPE partrec IS RECORD (snapid number, dbid number); TYPE partlist IS TABLE OF partrec; Outlist partlist; begin dbms_output.put_line(‘PARTITION NAME SNAP_ID DBID‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘--------------------------- ------- ----------‘); for part in cur_part loop query1 := ‘select min(snap_id), dbid from sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY partition (‘||part.partition_name||‘) group by dbid‘; execute immediate query1 bulk collect into OutList; if OutList.count > 0 then for i in OutList.first..OutList.last loop dbms_output.put_line(part.partition_name||‘ Min ‘||OutList(i).snapid||‘ ‘||OutList(i).dbid); end loop; end if; query2 := ‘select max(snap_id), dbid from sys.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY partition (‘||part.partition_name||‘) group by dbid‘; execute immediate query2 bulk collect into OutList; if OutList.count > 0 then for i in OutList.first..OutList.last loop dbms_output.put_line(part.partition_name||‘ Max ‘||OutList(i).snapid||‘ ‘||OutList(i).dbid); dbms_output.put_line(‘---‘); end loop; end if; end loop; end; / ----通过DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE包删除快照信息,但是会产生大量的redo 直接删除相关分区更为便捷和迅速恢复业务 alter table WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY drop partition WRH$_ACTIVE_692952975_0;
6、快速收集AWR/ASH/ADDM脚本
-------快速收集AWR declare begin_time_date date := to_date(‘20141130 23:00:00‘, ‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘) ; end_time_date date := to_date(‘20141203 18:00:00‘, ‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘) ; begin dbms_output.put_line(‘set linesize 2000‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘set pagesize 50000‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘set head off‘); for r in (select * from sys.WRM$_SNAPSHOT t where t.begin_interval_time >begin_time_date and t.begin_interval_time< end_time_date and t.dbid=3628304518 order by t.snap_id, t.instance_number) loop dbms_output.put_line(‘spool awrrpt_‘ || r.instance_number || ‘_‘ || to_char(r.begin_interval_time+1/24,‘mmdd_hh24mi‘) || ‘_‘ ||to_char(r.end_interval_time+1/24,‘mmdd_hh24mi‘) || ‘.html‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘select * from table (dbms_workload_repository.awr_report_html(‘ || r.dbid || ‘,‘ || r.instance_number || ‘,‘ || r.snap_id || ‘,‘ || (r.snap_id + 1) || ‘,0));‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘spool off‘); end loop; end; ---------快速收集ASH declare begin_time_date date := to_date(‘20141130 23:00:00‘, ‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘); end_time_date date := to_date(‘20141203 13:00:00‘, ‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘); interval_minutes number := 60; begin dbms_output.put_line(‘set linesize 2000‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘set pagesize 50000‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘set head off‘); for r in (select db.DBID, ins.INSTANCE_NUMBER, begin_time_date + interval_minutes * (lv - 1) / 1440 begin_time_date, begin_time_date + interval_minutes * lv / 1440, ‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘ end_time_date, to_char(begin_time_date + 60 * (lv - 1) / 1440, ‘yyyymmddhh24mi‘) begin_time, to_char(begin_time_date + 60 * lv / 1440, ‘yyyymmddhh24miss‘) end_time from (select /*+ no_merge*/ level lv from dual connect by level <= (end_time_date - begin_time_date) * 60 * 24 / interval_minutes), gv$instance ins, v$database db) loop dbms_output.put_line(‘spool ashrpt_‘ || to_char(r.instance_number) || ‘_‘ || r.begin_time || ‘-‘ || r.end_time || ‘.html‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘select output from table(dbms_workload_repository.ash_report_html( ‘ || r.dbid || ‘ , ‘ || r.instance_number || ‘ , ‘ || ‘to_date(‘ || ‘‘‘‘ || r.begin_time || ‘‘‘, ‘‘yyyymmddhh24miss‘‘‘ || ‘)‘ || ‘ , ‘ || ‘to_date(‘ || ‘‘‘‘ || r.end_time || ‘‘‘, ‘‘yyyymmddhh24miss‘‘‘ || ‘)));‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘spool off ‘); end loop; end; ---------------快速收集ADDM declare begin_time_date date := to_date(‘20141109 15:00:00‘, ‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘) ; end_time_date date := to_date(‘20141109 19:00:00‘, ‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘) ; begin dbms_output.put_line(‘set linesize 100‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘set pagesize 50000‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘set head off‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘serveroutput ON SIZE UNLIMITED ‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘spool addm.txt‘); for r in (select * from sys.WRM$_SNAPSHOT t where t.begin_interval_time >=begin_time_date and t.begin_interval_time<= end_time_date order by t.snap_id, t.instance_number) loop dbms_output.put_line(‘declare id number ; name varchar2(100) ; v_dec varchar2(200) :=‘||‘‘‘addm_‘||to_char(r.snap_id)||‘_‘||to_char(r.snap_id+1)||‘‘‘;‘); dbms_output.put_line( ‘begin ‘) ; dbms_output.put_line( ‘dbms_advisor.create_task(‘‘ADDM‘‘,id,name,v_dec,null);‘); dbms_output.put_line( ‘dbms_advisor.set_task_parameter(name, ‘||‘‘‘START_SNAPSHOT‘‘,‘||r.snap_id||‘);‘) ; dbms_output.put_line( ‘dbms_advisor.set_task_parameter(name, ‘ ||‘‘‘END_SNAPSHOT‘‘,‘||to_char(r.snap_id+1)||‘);‘) ; dbms_output.put_line( ‘dbms_advisor.set_task_parameter(name, ‘||‘‘‘INSTANCE‘‘,‘||r.instance_number||‘);‘) ; dbms_output.put_line( ‘dbms_advisor.set_task_parameter(name, ‘||‘‘‘DB_ID‘‘,‘||r.dbid||‘);‘) ; dbms_output.put_line( ‘dbms_advisor.execute_task(name); ‘) ; dbms_output.put_line(‘dbms_output.put_line(‘||‘‘‘#spool addm_‘ || r.instance_number || ‘_‘ || r.snap_id || ‘_‘ || (r.snap_id + 1) || ‘.txt‘‘);‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘dbms_output.put_line(‘||‘‘‘#select dbms_advisor.get_task_report(‘‘‘‘‘‘‘||‘||name||‘‘‘‘‘‘,‘ ||‘‘‘‘‘TEXT‘‘‘‘,‘‘‘‘TYPICAL‘‘‘‘) from dual ;‘‘);‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘dbms_output.put_line(‘‘#spool off‘‘);‘); dbms_output.put_line(‘end ; /‘); end loop; dbms_output.put_line(‘spool off‘); end /
参考文档:
AWR Diagnostic Collection Script (Doc ID 733655.1)
Getting ORA-06502 and ORA-06512 Errors When Running AWR Report in HTML Format (Doc ID 2231743.1)
How To Avoid the AWR Usage Without Having Diagnostic Pack License (Doc ID 2276199.1)
WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY Does Not Get Purged Based Upon the Retention Policy (Doc ID 387914.1)
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lYng/p/9442041.html