absolute和float是同父异母的兄弟,因为它们具有相同点:包裹性与破坏性
absolute的特点
1、独立的,并且可以摆脱overflow的限制,无论是滚动还是隐藏;
2、无依赖,不受relative限制的,行为表现上是不使用top/right/bottom/left任何一个属性或使用auto作为值;
3、脱离文档流;
4、具有跟随性(依据这个特点,能省很多的relative,并且扩展性更强)。
骚操作:使用注释来消除空格
<!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>图标定位二三事</title> <style> body { font: 14px/1.4 "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #EDEFF0; } body, h3, h5 { margin: 0; } img { border: 0 none; vertical-align: bottom; } .l { float: left; } .r { float: right; } .constr { width: 1200px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .header { background-color: #2A2C2E; } .nav { height: 60px; } .nav-list { float: left; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; } .nav-a { display: inline-block; line-height: 20px; padding: 20px 35px; color: #B5BDC0; text-decoration: none; } .nav-a:hover { color: #fff; } .course { padding-top: 10px; } .course-list { float: left; width: 280px; height: 240px; margin: 5px 10px 15px; border-radius: 0 0 1px 1px; background-color: #F7FAF9; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); box-shadow: 0 1px 2px #c5c5c5; text-decoration: none; } .course-list-img { background-color: #6396F1; } .course-list-h { line-height: 50px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; color: #363d40; text-align: center; } .course-list-tips { margin: 0 14px; font-size: 12px; color: #b4bbbf; overflow: hidden; } .icon-hot { position: absolute; width: 28px; height: 11px; margin: -6px 0 0 2px; background: url(http://img.mukewang.com/545304730001307300280011.gif); } .icon-recom { position: absolute; line-height: 20px; padding: 0 5px; background-color: #f60; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; } .icon-vip { position: absolute; width: 36px; height: 36px; margin-left: -36px; background: url(http://img.mukewang.com/5453048000015d8800360036.gif); text-indent: -9em; overflow: hidden; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="header"> <div class="constr"> <div class="nav"> <h3 class="nav-list"> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/course/list" class="nav-a">课程</a> </h3> <h3 class="nav-list"> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/wenda" class="nav-a">问答</a> </h3> <h3 class="nav-list"> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/seek/index" class="nav-a"> 求课<i class="icon-hot"></i> </a> </h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main"> <div class="constr"> <div class="course"> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/view/121" class="course-list"> <div class="course-list-img"> <span class="icon-recom">推荐</span> <img width="280" height="160" alt="分享:CSS深入理解之float浮动" src="http://img.mukewang.com/53d74f960001ae9d06000338-300-170.jpg"><!-- --><i class="icon-vip">vip</i> </div> <h5 class="course-list-h">分享:CSS深入理解之float浮动</h5> <div class="course-list-tips"> <span class="l">已完结</span> <span class="r">3514人学习</span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
<!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>文本图标对齐与定位二三事</title> <style> body { margin: 0; font: 14px/1.4 "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #EDEFF0; } a { color: #50B6E5; } .constr { width: 1200px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .regist-head { height: 60px; line-height: 60px; padding-left: 30px; background-color: #be3948; color: #fff; font-size: 18px; } .regist-body { min-height: 400px; padding: 100px 0; background-color: #fff; } .regist-main { width: 600px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .regist-group { margin-top: 20px; overflow: hidden; } .regist-label { width: 70px; padding-top: 10px; float: left; } .regist-cell { display: table-cell; *display: inline-block; } .regist-input { height: 18px; line-height: 18px; width: 260px; padding: 10px 5px; margin: 0 10px 0 0; border: 1px solid #d0d6d9; vertical-align: top; } .regist-code-input { width: 130px; } .regist-btn { display: inline-block; width: 160px; line-height: 40px; background-color: #39b94e; color: #fff; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; } .regist-btn:hover { background-color: #33a646; } .icon-warn { display: inline-block; width: 20px; height: 21px; background: url(http://img.mukewang.com/5453084a00016ae300120012.gif) no-repeat center; } .regist-star { position: absolute; margin-left: -1em; font-family: simsun; color: #f30; } .regist-remark { position: absolute; line-height: 21px; padding-top: 9px; color: #666; } .regist-warn { padding-left: 20px; color: #be3948; } .regist-warn>.icon-warn { position: absolute; margin-left: -20px; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="constr"> <div class="regist-head">注册</div> <div class="regist-body"> <div class="regist-main"> <div class="regist-group"> <label class="regist-label"><span class="regist-star">*</span>登录邮箱</label> <div class="regist-cell"> <input type="email" class="regist-input"><span class="regist-remark regist-warn"> <i class="icon-warn"></i>邮箱格式不准确(演示) </span> </div> </div> <div class="regist-group"> <label class="regist-label"><span class="regist-star">*</span>登录密码</label> <div class="regist-cell"> <input type="password" class="regist-input"><span class="regist-remark"> 请输入6-16位密码,区分大小写,不能使用空格 </span> </div> </div> <div class="regist-group"> <label class="regist-label"><span class="regist-star">*</span>用户昵称</label> <div class="regist-cell"> <input type="password" class="regist-input"> </div> </div> <div class="regist-group"> <label class="regist-label">手机号码</label> <div class="regist-cell"> <input type="tel" class="regist-input"> </div> </div> <div class="regist-group"> <label class="regist-label"><span class="regist-star">*</span>验 证 码</label> <div class="regist-cell"> <input class="regist-input regist-code-input"><img src="http://img.mukewang.com/545308540001678401500040.jpg"> </div> </div> <div class="regist-group"> <label class="regist-label"> </label> <div class="regist-cell"> <input type="checkbox" checked><label>我已阅读并同意<a href="##">慕课协议</a>。</label> <p> <a href="javascript:" class="regist-btn">立即注册</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
z-index无依赖
1、如果只有一个绝对定位元素,自然不需要z-index,自动覆盖普通元素;
2、如果两个绝对定位,控制DOM流的前后顺序达到需要的覆盖效果,依然无z-index;
3、如果多个绝对定位交错,非常非常少见,z-index:1控制;
4、如果非弹框类的绝对定位元素z-index>2,必定z-index冗余,请优化。
九宫格代码实现
<!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>高度自适应的九宫格效果</title> <style> html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0; } .page { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; } .list { float: left; height: 33.3%; width: 33.3%; position: relative; } .list:before { content: ‘‘; position: absolute; left: 10px; right: 10px; top: 10px; bottom: 10px; border-radius: 10px; background-color: #cad5eb; } .list:after { content: attr(data-index); position: absolute; height: 30px; left: 0; right: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; margin: auto; text-align: center; font: 24px/30px bold ‘microsoft yahei‘; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="page"> <div class="list" data-index="1"></div> <div class="list" data-index="2"></div> <div class="list" data-index="3"></div> <div class="list" data-index="4"></div> <div class="list" data-index="5"></div> <div class="list" data-index="6"></div> <div class="list" data-index="7"></div> <div class="list" data-index="8"></div> <div class="list" data-index="9"></div> </div> </body> </html>
绝对定位整页布局演示
<!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no"> <title>慕课网-绝对定位整页布局演示</title> <style> body { font-family: ‘microsoft yahei‘; } /* wechat.css */ body { margin: 0; -webkit-user-select: none; user-select: none; -ms-touch-action: none; } /* construction */ html, body, .page { height: 100%; width: 100%; overflow: hidden; } .page { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; } body { background-color: #ebebeb; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, sans-serif; } a { text-decoration: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { margin: 0; font-weight: 400; } ul, ol { margin: 0; list-style-type: none; } .header, .footer, .content { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; } .header { height: 48px; padding: 0 5px; background-color: #21292B; color: #fff; top: 0; z-index: 1; } .header>h1 { line-height: 48px; margin: 0 0 0 10px; font-size: 18px; float: left; } .header>a { display: inline-block; width: 48px; height: 48px; background-size: 48px 144px; text-indent: -9em; overflow: hidden; } .header>.icon-search, .header>.icon-add { float: right; } .footer { height: 52px; border-top: 1px solid #dfdfdf; background-color: #fcfcfc; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; } .footer>a { width: 25%; text-align: center; color: #999; float: left; font-size: 14px; } .footer>a>i { display: block; height: 35px; margin-bottom: -3px; background-size: 35px 280px; } .footer>.active { color: #45c018; } .content { top: 48px; bottom: 53px; overflow: auto; } .icon-search, .icon-back, .icon-add { background: url(http://img.mukewang.com/547d339b000188bb00960288.png) no-repeat; } .icon-back { background-position: 0 -96px; } .icon-add { background-position: 0 -48px; } .icon-wechat, .icon-contacts, .icon-finds, .icon-mes { background: url(http://img.mukewang.com/547d33970001444d00700560.png) no-repeat center top; } .active .icon-wechat { background-position: center -35px; } .icon-contacts { background-position: center -70px; } .active .icon-contacts { background-position: center -105px; } .icon-finds { background-position: center -140px; } .active .icon-finds { background-position: center -175px; } .icon-mes { background-position: center -210px; } .active .icon-mes { background-position: center -245px; } .icon-find { background: url(icon-find.png) no-repeat; background-size: 28px 210px; } .icon-find-2 { background-position: 0 -30px; } .icon-find-3 { background-position: 0 -60px; } .icon-find-4 { background-position: 0 -90px; } .icon-find-5 { background-position: 0 -120px; } .icon-find-6 { background-position: 0 -150px; } .icon-find-7 { background-position: 0 -180px; } .icon-me { background: url(icon-me.png) no-repeat; background-size: 28px 120px; } .icon-me-2 { background-position: 0 -30px; } .icon-me-3 { background-position: 0 -60px; } .icon-me-4 { background-position: 0 -90px; } .wechat-list { display: block; height: 64px; padding: 8px 12px; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom: 1px solid #d7d7d7; background-color: #fff; } .wechat-list:last-child { border-bottom: 0; } .wechat-list>img { width: 48px; height: 48px; float: left; } .wechat-list>.cell { padding-left: 58px; line-height: 24px; color: #333; } .wechat-h-time { overflow: hidden; } .wechat-h-time>h5 { font-size: 100%; float: left; } .wechat-h-time>time { font-size: 12px; color: #b9b9b9; float: right; } .wechat-h-time .business { color: #54688D; } .wechat-h-time+p { margin: 0 20px 0 0; font-size: 14px; color: #a8a8a8; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; overflow: hidden; } .wechat-detail { position: relative; z-index: 1; } } </style> </head> <body> <div class="page"> <div class="header"> <h1>慕课网</h1> <a href="javascript:" class="icon-add">添加</a> <a href="javascript:" class="icon-search">搜索</a> </div> <div class="content"> <div class=""> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/learn/192" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>早上09:51</time></div> <p>CSS深入理解值绝对定位</p> </div> </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/learn/192" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>早上09:38</time></div> <p>如果高度不够,可以手动缩小浏览器高度</p> </div> </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/learn/192" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>早上08:47</time></div> <p>此demo是本系列最后一个demo</p> </div> </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/learn/192" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>早上08:36</time></div> <p>此demo需要在高级浏览器中查看</p> </div> </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/learn/192" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>昨天</time></div> <p>重在原理展示,结构可多变。例如,header放在page外面~~</p> </div> </a> <a href="https://github.com/zhangxinxu/mobilebone" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>昨天</time></div> <p>最近鄙人整了个名叫Mobilebone的开源项目</p> </div> </a> <a href="https://github.com/zhangxinxu/mobilebone" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>星期三</time></div> <p>就是依赖绝对定位整体布局,大家可以前去围观</p> </div> </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/learn/192" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5 class="business">慕课网</h5><time>星期三</time></div> <p><img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d33a00001299b00320033.jpg" width="16" height="16"></p> </div> </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/learn/121" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>星期三</time></div> <p>CSS深入理解之浮动</p> </div> </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/learn/121" class="wechat-list"> <img src="http://img.mukewang.com/547d338d00010ced01200120.jpg"> <div class="cell"> <div class="wechat-h-time"> <h5>张鑫旭</h5><time>上周</time></div> <p>同样精彩,欢迎支持~</p> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="footer"> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/course/list"> <i class="icon-wechat"></i>课程 </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/wenda"> <i class="icon-contacts"></i>问答 </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/seek/index"> <i class="icon-finds"></i>求课 </a> <a href="http://www.imooc.com/space/course" class="active"> <i class="icon-mes"></i>我的课程 </a> </div> </div> </body> </html>
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fengxiongZz/p/8151070.html
时间: 2024-11-02 23:41:43