安装virualbox 的三大步：
1、添加源：
Add the following line to your /etc/apt/sources.list:
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian artful contrib
2、添加公钥
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
3、更新并安装
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install virtualbox-5.2
然后可以在https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads 下载扩展 增强功能
当然可以直接下载安装包安装
参考：
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads
VirtualBox 5.2.2 for Linux
Note: The package architecture has to match the Linux kernel architecture, that is, if you are running a 64-bit kernel, install the appropriate AMD64 package (it does not matter if you have an Intel or an AMD CPU). Mixed installations (e.g. Debian/Lenny ships an AMD64 kernel with 32-bit packages) are not supported. To install VirtualBox anyway you need to setup a 64-bit chroot environment.
The VirtualBox base package binaries are released under the terms of the GPL version 2.
Please choose the appropriate package for your Linux distribution:
- Ubuntu 17.04 ("Zesty") / 17.10 ("Artful") i386 | AMD64
- Ubuntu 16.10 ("Yakkety") i386 | AMD64
- Ubuntu 16.04 ("Xenial") i386 | AMD64
- Ubuntu 14.04 ("Trusty") / 14.10 ("Utopic") / 15.04 ("Vivid") i386 | AMD64
- Debian 9 ("Stretch") i386 | AMD64
- Debian 8 ("Jessie") i386 | AMD64
- Debian 7 ("Wheezy") i386 | AMD64
- openSUSE 13.2 ("Harlequin") / Leap 42.1 ("Malachite") i386 | AMD64
- Fedora 26 / 27 i386 | AMD64
- Fedora 25 i386 | AMD64
- Oracle Linux 7 ("OL7") / Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 ("RHEL7") / CentOS 7 AMD64
- Oracle Linux 6 ("OL6") / Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 ("RHEL6") / CentOS 6 i386 | AMD64
- Oracle Linux 5 ("OL5") / Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 ("RHEL5") / CentOS 5 i386 | AMD64
- All distributions (built on EL5 and therefore do not require recent system libraries) i386 | AMD64
You might want to compare the SHA256 checksum or the MD5 checksum to verify the integrity of downloaded packages. The SHA256 checksums should be favored as the MD5 algorithm must be treated as insecure!
Oracle Linux
Users of Oracle Linux 5, 6 and 7 can use the Oracle Linux yum repository and enable the el5_addons (OEL5), the ol6_addons (OL6) or the ol7_addons (OL7). If an Oracle yum repo file already exists in /etc/yum.repos.d, do not overwrite it but just enable the addons! After that, do
yum install VirtualBox-5.2
to the latest maintenance release of VirtualBox 5.1.x.
Debian-based Linux distributions
Add the following line to your /etc/apt/sources.list:
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian artful contrib
According to your distribution, replace ‘artful‘ with ‘zesty‘, ‘yakkety‘, ‘xenial‘, ‘vivid‘, ‘utopic‘, ‘trusty‘, ‘raring‘, ‘quantal‘, ‘precise‘, ‘stretch‘, ‘lucid‘, ‘jessie‘, ‘wheezy‘, or ‘squeeze‘.
(Up to version 3.2 the packages were located in the non-free section. Starting with version 4.0 they are located in the contrib section.)
The Oracle public key for apt-secure can be downloaded
You can add these keys with
sudo apt-key add oracle_vbox_2016.asc sudo apt-key add oracle_vbox.asc
or combine downloading and registering:
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
The key fingerprint for oracle_vbox_2016.asc is
B9F8 D658 297A F3EF C18D 5CDF A2F6 83C5 2980 AECF Oracle Corporation (VirtualBox archive signing key) <[email protected]>
The key fingerprint for oracle_vbox.asc is
7B0F AB3A 13B9 0743 5925 D9C9 5442 2A4B 98AB 5139 Oracle Corporation (VirtualBox archive signing key) <[email protected]>
(As of VirtualBox 3.2, the signing key was changed. The old Sun public key for apt-secure can be downloaded here.)
To install VirtualBox, do
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install virtualbox-5.2
Replace virtualbox-5.2 by virtualbox-5.1 to install VirtualBox 5.1.30 Note: Ubuntu/Debian users might want to install the dkms package to ensure that the VirtualBox host kernel modules (vboxdrv, vboxnetflt and vboxnetadp) are properly updated if the linux kernel version changes during the next apt-get upgrade. For Debian it is available in Lenny backports and in the normal repository for Squeeze and later. The dkms package can be installed through the Synaptic Package manager or through the following command:
sudo apt-get install dkms
What to do when experiencing The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG ... when refreshing the packages from the repository?
# sudo -s -H # apt-get clean # rm /var/lib/apt/lists/* # rm /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/* # apt-get clean # apt-get update
RPM-based Linux distributions
Starting with VirtualBox 3.0.12 we provide a yum-style repository for Oracle Linux/Fedora/RHEL/openSUSE. Note that 3.0.x .rpm packages are named VirtualBox-3.0.x while 3.1.x .rpm packages are named VirtualBox-3.1-3.1.x. This naming scheme allows to use the older 3.0.x packages without changing the repository.
Furthemore, all .rpm packages are signed. The Oracle public key for rpm can be downloaded here. You can add this key (not necessary for yum users, see below!) with
sudo rpm --import oracle_vbox.asc
or combine downloading and registering:
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | rpm --import -
The key fingerprint is
7B0F AB3A 13B9 0743 5925 D9C9 5442 2A4B 98AB 5139 Oracle Corporation (VirtualBox archive signing key) <[email protected]>
After importing the public key, the package signature can be checked with
rpm --checksig PACKAGE_NAME
Note that importing the key is not necessary for yum users (Oracle Linux/Fedora/RHEL/CentOS) when using one of the virtualbox.repo files from below as yum downloads and imports the public key automatically!
The package signature is checked by yum/zypper as well:
- Users of Oracle Linux / RHEL can add the Oracle Linux repo file to /etc/yum.repos.d/.
- Users of Fedora can add the Fedora repo file to /etc/yum.repos.d/.
- Users of openSUSE can add the proper repo file for 11.4/12.1/12.2,12.3,13.1 or 13.2 / 42.1 to /etc/zypp/repos.d/.
Note: Users of Fedora/Mandriva might want to install the dkms package (not available on openSUSE) to ensure that the VirtualBox host kernel modules (vboxdrv, vboxnetflt and vboxnetadp) are properly updated if the linux kernel version changes during the next kernel update.