1、服务类型的应用程序一般都是单例模式，常规是要持续运行的，平常最小化到托盘，需要查看时可以点击托盘图标最大化，但是往往操作人员会误操作，程序已经打开又去重新运行程序，以前的做法是监测是否可以创建互斥进程，如果不能则说明程序已经运行，并提示客户软件已经运行，代码如下：
//单例模式
bool bCreatedNew;
System.Threading.Mutex mutex = new System.Threading.Mutex(false, Application.ProductName, out bCreatedNew);
if (!bCreatedNew)
{
MessageBox.Show("打开失败，已有消息中心服务正在运行！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
return;
}
2、对这种方式进行改进，如果软件已经打开但是最小化到了托盘，用户再次运行软件，将隐藏在托盘里面的软件显示出来，而不是提示软件已经运行
方法一、使用FindWindow根据窗体类名或者标题获取窗体句柄（因为类名不会变化，所以优先使用类名获取），然后根据句柄显示窗体ShowWindow，让窗体获取焦点SwitchToThisWindow，然后获取窗体矩形框GetWindowRect，设置窗体显示位置SetWindowPos。
IntPtr hwnd = SingleProcess.FindWindow("WindowsForms10.Window.8.app.0.2bf8098_r11_ad1",null);
SingleProcess.ShowWin(hwnd);
获取窗体类名的方法：打开Spy++，找到“消息中心服务器”，右键属性-类 可以看到类名
方法二、开始没发现方法一，用的这种方法，获取已经运行的软件的进程，获取进程的MainWindowHandle，如果MainWindowHandle不为0（说明没有最小化）则直接根据窗口句柄显示窗体，同方法一步骤2，如果MainWindowHandle为0（由于在窗体最小化时，获取进程MainWindowHandle总是0），则枚举窗体窗体，当窗体标题与进程号满足设定值时，根据窗体句柄显示窗体。
SingleProcess.Singling("消息中心服务器");
3、完整代码：
public class SingleProcess
{
//根据主窗体句柄显示窗体
public static void ShowWin(IntPtr hwnd)
{
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_RESTORE);
SwitchToThisWindow(hwnd, true);
Rect windowRec;
GetWindowRect(hwnd, out windowRec);
System.Drawing.Rectangle rect = System.Windows.Forms.SystemInformation.VirtualScreen;
SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_TOP, (rect.Width - (windowRec.Right - windowRec.Left)) / 2,
(rect.Height - (windowRec.Bottom - windowRec.Top)) / 2, 0, 0, SWP_NOSIZE);
}
private static string _formText;// = string.Empty;
private static Process _process = null;
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
public static void Singling(string formtext)
{
_formText = formtext;
Process instance = GetInstance();
if (instance != null) //首先确定有无进程
{
_process = instance;
if (_process.MainWindowHandle.ToInt32() != 0) //是否托盘化
{
//HandleRunningInstance(pro);
ShowWin(_process.MainWindowHandle);
}
else
{
CallBack myCallBack = new CallBack(Report);
EnumWindows(myCallBack, 0);
}
//System.Environment.Exit(System.Environment.ExitCode);
}
}
public static Process GetInstance()
{
Process current = Process.GetCurrentProcess();
Process[] processes = Process.GetProcessesByName(Application.ProductName);//current.ProcessName);
//遍历正在有相同名字运行的例程
foreach (Process process in processes)
{
//忽略现有的例程
if (process.Id != current.Id)
{
//if (process.MainModule.FileName == current.MainModule.FileName)
{
//返回另一个例程实例
return process;
}
}
}
//没有其它的例程，返回Null
return null;
}
private static bool Report(IntPtr hwnd, int lParam)
{
//获得窗体标题
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(100);
GetWindowText(hwnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
int calcID;
//获取进程ID
GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd, out calcID);
if ((sb.ToString() == _formText) && (_process != null) && (calcID == _process.Id)) //标题栏、进程id符合
//if (pro != null && calcID == pro.Id) //进程id符合
{
ShowWin(hwnd);
return true;
}
return true;
}
#region win32 API
/// <summary>
/// 获取窗体句柄
/// </summary>，两个参数至少要知道一个
/// <param name="lpClassName">窗体类名，可以通过Spy++获取，为null表示忽略</param>
/// <param name="lpWindowName">窗体标题，Text属性，为null时表示忽略</param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow")]
public extern static IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);
/// <summary>
/// 根据窗体句柄获得窗体标题
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <param name="lpText"></param>
/// <param name="nCount"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpText, int nCount);
/// <summary>
/// 枚举窗体
/// </summary>
/// <param name="x"></param>
/// <param name="y"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32")]
private static extern int EnumWindows(CallBack x, int y);
private delegate bool CallBack(IntPtr hwnd, int lParam);
/// <summary>
/// 根据窗体句柄获得其进程ID
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hwnd"></param>
/// <param name="ID"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("User32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hwnd, out int ID);
/// <summary>
/// 修改位置、大小
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <param name="hWndInsertAfter"></param>
/// <param name="X"></param>
/// <param name="Y"></param>
/// <param name="cx"></param>
/// <param name="cy"></param>
/// <param name="uFlags"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetWindowPos(IntPtr hWnd, int hWndInsertAfter, int X, int Y, int cx, int cy, uint uFlags);
/// <summary>
/// Retains the current size (ignores the cx and cy parameters).
/// </summary>
static uint SWP_NOSIZE = 0x0001;
static int HWND_TOP = 0;
public struct Rect
{
public int Left;
public int Top;
public int Right;
public int Bottom;
}
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern int GetWindowRect(IntPtr hwnd, out Rect lpRect);
/// <summary>
/// 显示窗体,同 ShowWindowAsync 差不多
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hwnd"></param>
/// <param name="nCmdShow"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "ShowWindow", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern int ShowWindow(IntPtr hwnd, int nCmdShow);
private const int SW_RESTORE = 9;
/// <summary>
/// 该函数设置由不同线程产生的窗口的显示状态。 (没用)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="cmdShow">指定窗口如何显示。查看允许值列表，请查阅ShowWlndow函数的说明部分。</param>
/// <returns>如果函数原来可见，返回值为非零；如果函数原来被隐藏，返回值为零。</returns>
[DllImport("User32.dll")]
private static extern bool ShowWindowAsync(IntPtr hWnd, int cmdShow);
/// <summary>
/// 该函数将创建指定窗口的线程设置到前台，并且激活该窗口。
/// 键盘输入转向该窗口，并为用户改各种可视的记号。系统给创建前台窗口的线程分配的权限稍高于其他线程。
/// (没用)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">将被激活并被调入前台的窗口句柄。</param>
/// <returns>如果窗口设入了前台，返回值为非零；如果窗口未被设入前台，返回值为零。</returns>
[DllImport("User32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
private const int WS_SHOWNORMAL = 1;
/// <summary>
/// 窗体焦点
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <param name="fAltTab"></param>
[DllImport("user32.dll ", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern void SwitchToThisWindow(IntPtr hWnd, bool fAltTab);
#endregion
}
4、调用
//单例模式
bool bCreatedNew;
System.Threading.Mutex mutex = new System.Threading.Mutex(false, Application.ProductName, out bCreatedNew);
if (!bCreatedNew)
{
tempForm.Close();
IntPtr hwnd = SingleProcess.FindWindow("WindowsForms10.Window.8.app.0.2bf8098_r11_ad1",null);
SingleProcess.ShowWin(hwnd);
//SingleProcess.Singling("消息中心服务器");
//MessageBox.Show("打开失败，已有消息中心服务正在运行！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
return;
}
.参考
http://www.cnblogs.com/qingse/archive/2013/02/16/2913430.html
时间： 2024-08-29 14:04:38