介绍

　　把所有的结点用一根线穿起来。

• 连续存储[数组]

• 离散存储[链表]
• 
• 线性结构的两种常见的应用之一 栈
• 线性结构的两种常见的应用之二 队列（与时间相关的操作）

数组算法演示

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

struct Arr
{
    int * pBase;
    int len;
    int cnt;
};

void init_arr(struct Arr *, int);
bool append_arr(struct Arr *, int);
bool insert_arr(struct Arr *, int , int);
bool delete_arr(struct Arr *, int, int *);
bool is_empty(struct Arr *);
bool is_full(struct Arr *);
void sort_arr(struct Arr *);
void show_arr(struct Arr *);
void inversion_arr(struct Arr *);

int main(void)
{
    struct Arr arr;
    int val;

    init_arr(&arr, 6);
    show_arr(&arr);
    append_arr(&arr, 1);
    append_arr(&arr, -44);
    append_arr(&arr, 88);
    append_arr(&arr, 4);
    append_arr(&arr, 77);
    append_arr(&arr, 89);
    /*if (delete_arr(&arr, 5, &val))
    {
        printf("delete success\n");
        printf("delete element is :%d\n", val);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("delete error\n");
    }*/
    //append_arr(&arr, 6);
    //append_arr(&arr, 7);
    //insert_arr(&arr, , 99);
    /*if(append_arr(&arr, 8))
        printf("add success\n");
    else
        printf("add error\n");*/
    show_arr(&arr);
    inversion_arr(&arr);
    show_arr(&arr);
    return 0;
}

void init_arr(struct Arr * pArr, int length)
{
    pArr->pBase = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * length);
    if (NULL == pArr->pBase)
    {
        printf("DM error\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
    else
    {
        pArr->len = length;
        pArr->cnt = 0;
    }
    return;
}

bool append_arr(struct Arr * pArr, int val)
{
    if (is_full(pArr))
        return false;
    pArr->pBase[pArr->cnt] = val;
    (pArr->cnt)++;
    return true;
}

bool insert_arr(struct Arr * pArr, int pos, int val)
{
    int i;
    if (is_full(pArr))
        return false;
    if (pos < 1 || pos > pArr->cnt+1)
        return false;
    for (i = pArr->cnt-1; i >= pos-1; --i)
    {
        pArr->pBase[i+1] = pArr->pBase[i];
    }
    pArr->pBase[pos-1] = val;
    pArr->cnt++;
    return true;
}

bool delete_arr(struct Arr * pArr, int pos, int * pVal)
{
    int i;

    if (is_empty(pArr))
        return false;
    if (pos < 1 || pos >pArr->cnt)
        return false;
    *pVal = pArr->pBase[pos];
    for (i = pos; i < pArr->cnt; ++i)
    {
        pArr->pBase[i-1] = pArr-> pBase[i];
    }
    pArr->cnt--;
    return true;
}

bool is_empty(struct Arr * pArr)
{
    if (0 == pArr->cnt)
        return true;
    else
        return false;
}

bool is_full(struct Arr * pArr)
{
    if (pArr->cnt == pArr->len)
        return true;
    else
        return false;
}

void sort_arr(struct Arr * pArr)
{
    int i;
    int j;
    for (i = 0; i < pArr->cnt; i++)
    {
        for (j = i; j < pArr->cnt; j++)
        {
            if (pArr->pBase[i] > pArr->pBase[j])
            {
                int t;
                t = pArr->pBase[i];
                pArr->pBase[i] = pArr->pBase[j];
                pArr->pBase[j] = i;
            }
        }
    }
}

void show_arr(struct Arr * pArr)
{
    if (is_empty(pArr))
        printf("arr is Empty\n");
    else
    {
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < pArr->len; i++)
            printf("%d\n", pArr->pBase[i]);
        printf("\n");
    }
}

void inversion_arr(struct Arr * pArr)
{
    int i = 0;
    int j = pArr->cnt-1;
    int t;

    while (i < j)
    {
        t = pArr->pBase[i];
        pArr->pBase[i] = pArr->pBase[j];
        pArr->pBase[j] = t;
        ++i;
        --j;
    }
    return;
}