如果需要访问不同进程间service中的数据或者方法，需要使用AIDL(android interface description language)工具，可以通过如下方法：
public boolean bindService(Intent intent, ServiceConnection conn, int flags) ；
public void unbindService(ServiceConnection conn);
intent是跳转到service的intent，conn是与service连接状态的类。如果想要访问service中的数据，可以在onServiceConnected()方法中进行实现。
如果另外一个进程想访问上图Myservice.java中getruntimeinfo()方法
1 public String getruntimeinfo(){
2 String info = "momory usage 5%";
3 return info;
4 }
则需要以下步骤：
1，新建一个interface
1 package com.example.day16_04remoteservicedemo;
2
3 public interface MyRemoteService {
4 public String forworadgetruntimeinfo();
5 }
2，到源程序目录下找到MyRemoteService.java，直接将后缀名改为.aidl并保存
3，刷新project，可看到eclipse中报错
4，去掉public，保存；可看到在gen下自动生成MyRemoteService.java
5，在MyService.java中继承MyRemoteService.java中的Stub类
1 class RemoteBinder extends Stub{
2 @Override
3 public String forworadgetruntimeinfo() throws RemoteException {
4 return getruntimeinfo();
5 }
6 }
6，在AndroidManifest.xml中配置service
1 <service android:name=".MyService"> 2 <intent-filter> 3 <action android:name="com.cskaoyan.service" /> 4 </intent-filter> 5 </service>
被访问的service源代码如下：
1 package com.example.day16_04remoteservicedemo;
2
3 import com.example.day16_04remoteservicedemo.MyRemoteService.Stub;
4 import android.app.Service;
5 import android.content.Intent;
6 import android.os.IBinder;
7 import android.os.RemoteException;
8
9 public class MyService extends Service {
10 IBinder binder ;
11 @Override
12 public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
13 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
14 System.out.println("MyService.onBind()");
15 //当且仅当此处返回一个非空的Ibinder对象时，bindservice一端的Connection内的onserviceConnected函数才会被系统call到
16 return new RemoteBinder();
17 }
18
19 public String getruntimeinfo(){
20 String info = "momory usage 5%";
21 return info;
22 }
23
24 @Override
25 public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
26 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
27 System.out.println("MyService.onUnbind()");
28 return super.onUnbind(intent);
29 }
30
31 @Override
32 public void onRebind(Intent intent) {
33 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
34 super.onRebind(intent);
35 System.out.println("MyService.onRebind()");
36 }
37
38 @Override
39 public void onCreate() {
40 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
41 super.onCreate();
42 System.out.println("MyService.onCreate()");
43 }
44
45 @Override
46 public void onDestroy() {
47 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
48 super.onDestroy();
49 System.out.println("MyService.onDestroy()");
50 }
51
52 class RemoteBinder extends Stub{
53 @Override
54 public String forworadgetruntimeinfo() throws RemoteException {
55 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
56 return getruntimeinfo();
57 }
58 }
59 }
MyRemoteService.aidl
1 package com.example.day16_04remoteservicedemo;
2
3 interface MyRemoteService {
4 String forworadgetruntimeinfo();
5 }
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2 <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 3 package="com.example.day16_04remoteservicedemo" 4 android:versionCode="1" 5 android:versionName="1.0" > 6 7 <uses-sdk 8 android:minSdkVersion="14" 9 android:targetSdkVersion="21" /> 10 11 <application 12 android:allowBackup="true" 13 android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" 14 android:label="@string/app_name" 15 android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > 16 <service android:name=".MyService"> 17 <intent-filter> 18 <action android:name="com.cskaoyan.service" /> 19 </intent-filter> 20 </service> 21 </application> 22 23 </manifest>
然后再来写客户端：
将com.example.day16_04remoteservicedemo下的MyRemoteService.aidl直接拷贝过来，放置位置如下图：
最重要的一步是如何在OnServiceConnected方法中得到一个IBinder对象
1 class MyConnection implements ServiceConnection{
2
3 @Override
4 public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
5 //binder= (Stub) service;不可行
6 //因为绑定远程Service的ServiceConnection并不能直接获取Service的OnBind()
7 //方法返回的对象，它只能返回OnBind()方法所返回的对象的代理
8 myRemoteService = MyRemoteService.Stub.asInterface(service);
9 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
10 System.out.println("MainActivity.MyConnection.onServiceConnected()");
11 }
源代码如下：
1 package com.example.day16_05otherapplication;
2
3 import com.example.day16_04remoteservicedemo.MyRemoteService;
4 import android.app.Activity;
5 import android.content.ComponentName;
6 import android.content.Context;
7 import android.content.Intent;
8 import android.content.ServiceConnection;
9 import android.os.Bundle;
10 import android.os.IBinder;
11 import android.os.RemoteException;
12 import android.view.View;
13
14 public class MainActivity extends Activity {
15
16 MyConnection conn;
17 MyRemoteService myRemoteService;
18
19 @Override
20 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
21 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
22 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
23 }
24
25 public void bindservice(View v){
26 Intent intent = new Intent();
27 intent.setAction("com.cskaoyan.service");
28 conn=new MyConnection();
29 bindService(intent, conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
30
31 }
32 public void unbindservice(View v){
33 unbindService(conn);
34 conn=null;
35 }
36
37 public void remotecall(View v) throws RemoteException{
38 System.out.println(myRemoteService.forworadgetruntimeinfo());
39 String info = myRemoteService.forworadgetruntimeinfo();
40 System.out.println("MainActivity.remotecall()"+info);
41 }
42
43 @Override
44 protected void onDestroy() {
45 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
46 super.onDestroy();
47 if (conn!=null) {
48 unbindService(conn);
49 }
50 }
51
52 class MyConnection implements ServiceConnection{
53
54 @Override
55 public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
56 //binder= (Stub) service;不可行
57 //因为绑定远程Service的ServiceConnection并不能直接获取Service的OnBind()
58 //方法返回的对象，它只能返回OnBind()方法所返回的对象的代理
59 myRemoteService = MyRemoteService.Stub.asInterface(service);
60 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
61 System.out.println("MainActivity.MyConnection.onServiceConnected()");
62 }
63
64 @Override
65 public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
66 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
67 System.out.println("MainActivity.MyConnection.DisConnected()");
68 }
69 }
70 }
1 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 2 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" 3 android:layout_width="match_parent" 4 android:layout_height="match_parent" 5 android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" 6 android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" 7 android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" 8 android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" 9 tools:context="com.example.day16_05otherapplication.MainActivity" 10 android:orientation="vertical" > 11 12 <TextView 13 android:layout_width="wrap_content" 14 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 15 android:text="@string/hello_world" /> 16 17 <Button 18 android:layout_width="wrap_content" 19 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 20 android:text="绑定服务" 21 android:onClick="bindservice"/> 22 23 <Button 24 android:layout_width="wrap_content" 25 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 26 android:text="解除绑定" 27 android:onClick="unbindservice" /> 28 <Button 29 android:layout_width="wrap_content" 30 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 31 android:text="调用远程的方法" 32 android:onClick="remotecall"/> 33 </LinearLayout>
当点击“绑定服务后”，再点击“调用远程的方法”，就可以获取MyService.java中 getruntimeinfo()方法中的String “momory usage 5%”
时间： 2024-09-27 17:48:20