Git 分支合并冲突及合并分类

1. 分支合并冲突

   ##创建分支datagrand
   git checkout -b datagrand
   Switched to a new branch ‘datagrand‘
   git branch -a
   master
   \* datagrand
   ##在datagrand分支上创建文件
   echo "this is git file!" > read.txt
   git add read.txt
   git commit -m "add a new file"
   git push -u origin datagrand
   ##切换到master分支，建立read.txt文件
   echo "my name is wtf" > read.txt
   git add read.txt
   git commit -m "add a new file"
   git push
   ##合并分支
   ##在master分支上操作
   git merge datagrand
   ##说明：这种情况下，Git无法执行“快速合并”，只能试图把各自的修改合并起来，但这种合并就可能会有冲突，报错如下：
   Auto-merging read.txt
   CONFLICT (add/add): Merge conflict in read.txt
   Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
   ##说明：Git告诉我们read.txt文件存在冲突，必须手动解决冲突后再提交。

2. 解决合并冲突

   ##查看下当前分支状态
   git status
   On branch master
   Your branch is up-to-date with ‘origin/master‘.
   You have unmerged paths.
   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
   (use "git merge --abort" to abort the merge)
   Unmerged paths:
   (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
   both added:      read.txt
   no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
   ##查看一下readme.txt中的内容
   cat read.txt
   <<<<<<< HEAD
   my name is wtf!
   =======
   this is git file!
   \>>>>>>> datagrand
   ##说明：Git用<<<<<<<，=======，>>>>>>>标记出不同分支的内容，让我们选择要保留的内容，下面我们修改一下readme.txt，再次提交。
   ##操作步骤如下：
   vim read.txt
   git add read.txt
   git commit -m "fixed"
   [master 935e613] fixed
   git status
   On branch master
   Your branch is ahead of ‘origin/master‘ by 2 commits.
   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
   nothing to commit, working tree clean
   cat read.txt
   this is git file!
   ##分支合并
   git merge datagrand
   ##查看合并后状态
   git status
   On branch master
   Your branch is ahead of ‘origin/master‘ by 2 commits.
   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
   nothing to commit, working tree clean

3. 删除分支

   git branch -d datagrand
   Deleted branch datagrand (was 3299654).
   ##查看一下分支合并信息
   git log --graph --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit
   \*   935e613 (HEAD -> master) fixed
   || * 3299654 (origin/datagrand) add a new file
   \* | d4f781c (origin/master) add a file read
   \* | ddb3e06 Delete read.txt
   \* | 13bfb1c add a file read
   |/

4. 合并分支（普通合并）
   分支合并分为快速合并与普通合并两种模式，普通合并，合并后的历史有分支记录，能看出来曾经做过合并，而快速合并就看不出来曾经做过合并。下面我们来演示一下普通合并:
   （未完待续）
   。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/wutengfei/2091410