使用Spring Security实现权限管理
1、技术目标
- 了解并创建Security框架所需数据表
- 为项目添加Spring Security框架
- 掌握Security框架配置
- 应用Security框架为项目的CRUD操作绑定权限
2、权限管理需求描述
- 为系统中的每个操作定义权限,如定义4个权限:
1)超级权限,可以使用所有操作
2)添加影片权限
3)修改影片权限
4)删除影片权限 - 为系统设置管理员帐号、密码
- 为系统创建权限组,每个权限组可以配置多个操作权限,如创建2个权限组:
1)"Administrator"权限组,具有超级权限
2)"影片维护"权限组,具有添加影片、修改影片权限 - 可将管理员加入权限组,管理员登录后具备权限组所对应操作权限
- 管理员可不属于某权限组,可为管理员直接分配权限
3、使用准备
3.1)在数据库中创建6张表
t_admin 管理员帐号表
t_role权限表
t_group 权限组表
t_group_role权限组对应权限表
t_group_user管理员所属权限组表
t_user_role管理员对应权限表
-- ----------------------------
-- 创建管理员帐号表t_admin
-- ----------------------------
CREATE TABLE `t_admin` (
`id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
`passwd` VARCHAR(12) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘‘ COMMENT ‘用户密码‘,
`nickname` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘‘ COMMENT ‘用户名字‘,
`phoneno` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘‘ COMMENT ‘电话号码‘
)
-- 添加3个管理帐号
INSERT INTO `t_admin` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘admin‘, ‘admin‘, ‘‘);
INSERT INTO `t_admin` VALUES (‘4‘, ‘123456‘, ‘test‘, ‘‘);
INSERT INTO `t_admin` VALUES (‘5‘, ‘111111‘, ‘111111‘, ‘‘);
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- 创建权限表t_role
-- ----------------------------
CREATE TABLE `t_role` (
`id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
`role` VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘‘,
`descpt` VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘‘ COMMENT ‘角色描述‘,
`category` VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘‘ COMMENT ‘分类‘
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=60 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- 加入4个操作权限
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_role` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘ROLE_ADMIN‘, ‘系统管理员‘, ‘系统管理员‘);
INSERT INTO `t_role` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘ROLE_UPDATE_FILM‘, ‘修改‘, ‘影片管理‘);
INSERT INTO `t_role` VALUES (‘3‘, ‘ROLE_DELETE_FILM‘, ‘删除‘, ‘影片管理‘);
INSERT INTO `t_role` VALUES (‘4‘, ‘ROLE_ADD_FILM‘, ‘添加‘, ‘影片管理‘);
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- 创建权限组表
-- ----------------------------
CREATE TABLE `t_group` (
`id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`groupname` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘‘,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
-- ----------------------------
-- 添加2个权限组
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_group` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘Administrator‘);
INSERT INTO `t_group` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘影片维护‘);
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- 创建权限组对应权限表t_group_role
-- ----------------------------
CREATE TABLE `t_group_role` (
`id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`groupid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
`roleid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `groupid2` (`groupid`,`roleid`),
KEY `roleid` (`roleid`),
CONSTRAINT `t_group_role_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`groupid`) REFERENCES `t_group` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `t_group_role_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`roleid`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=83 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- 加入权限组与权限的对应关系
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_group_role` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘1‘, ‘1‘);
INSERT INTO `t_group_role` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘2‘, ‘2‘);
INSERT INTO `t_group_role` VALUES (‘4‘, ‘2‘, ‘4‘);
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- 创建管理员所属权限组表t_group_user
-- ----------------------------
CREATE TABLE `t_group_user` (
`id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`userid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
`groupid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `userid` (`userid`),
KEY `groupid` (`groupid`),
CONSTRAINT `t_group_user_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`groupid`) REFERENCES `t_group` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `t_group_user_ibfk_3` FOREIGN KEY (`userid`) REFERENCES `t_admin` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=18 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- 将管理员加入权限组
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_group_user` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘1‘, ‘1‘);
INSERT INTO `t_group_user` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘4‘, ‘2‘);
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- 创建管理员对应权限表t_user_role
-- 设置该表可跳过权限组,为管理员直接分配权限
-- ----------------------------
CREATE TABLE `t_user_role` (
`id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`userid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
`roleid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `userid` (`userid`),
KEY `roleid` (`roleid`),
CONSTRAINT `t_user_role_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`userid`) REFERENCES `t_admin` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `t_user_role_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`roleid`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
3.2)在项目中新增如下jar包(security框架所需jar包):
注意:以下jar包本文已提供下载
spring-security-config-3.1.0.RC2.jar
spring-security-core-3.1.0.RC2.jar
spring-security-taglibs-3.1.0.RC2.jar
spring-security-web-3.1.0.RC2.jar
3.3)创建如下包,放置登录验证过滤器代码:
com.xxx.security
3.4)在src下创建Spring配置文件applicationContext-security.xml,内容如下:
Xml代码
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
- xmlns:b="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">
- <!-- 这里进行配置 -->
- </beans:beans>
3.5)在web.xml中加入security配置,如下:
Xml代码
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="2.5"
- xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext-*.xml,classpath*:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <!-- 配置Spring Security -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <filter>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- </web-app>
4、站点根路径下创建登录页面login.jsp,代码如下:
Html代码
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
- pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
- <%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
- <%
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path;
- %>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
- <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
- <title>后台登录</title>
- </head>
- <body onload="document.loginForm.j_username.focus();">
- <!-- 登录表单 -->
- <form name="loginForm" action="<c:url value=‘/j_spring_security_check‘/>" method="post">
- <!-- 登录失败后,显示之前的登录名 -->
- 用户名:<input type=‘text‘ name=‘j_username‘ class="txtinput"
- value=‘<c:if test="${not empty param.login_error}" >
- <c:out value="${SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_USERNAME}"/></c:if>‘ />
- <br />
- 密码:<input type=‘password‘ name=‘j_password‘ class="txtinput" />
- <br />
- <input type="checkbox" name="_spring_security_remember_me" />
- 保存登录信息
- <input name="submit" type="submit" value="提交" />
- <input name="reset" type="reset" value="重置" />
- </form>
- <br />
- <!-- 显示登录失败原因 -->
- <c:if test="${not empty param.error}">
- <font color="red"> 登录失败<br />
- <br />
- 原因: <c:out value="${SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION.message}" />. </font>
- </c:if>
- </body>
- </html>
5、站点根路径下创建注销页面loggedout.jsp,代码如下:
Html代码
- <%@page session="false" %>
- <%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
- <%@ page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path;
- %>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
- <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
- <title>登出</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- 你已经退出。
- <a href="<c:url value=‘/login.jsp‘/>">点击这里登录</a>
- </body>
- </html>
6、站点根路径下创建HttpSession超时提示页面timeout.jsp,代码如下:
Html代码
- <%@page session="false" %>
- <%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
- <%@ page pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
- <%
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path;
- %>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
- <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
- <head>
- <title>用户失效</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- 你的登录已经失效,请重新登录。
- <br />
- <a href="<c:url value=‘/login.jsp‘/>" >
- 点击这里登录</a>
- </body>
- </html>
7、在com.xxx.security包下创建登录验证过滤器,该过滤器可用于在管理员登录时进行日志记录等相关操作,包括两个类:
- LoginUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter
- LoginSuccessHandler
7.1)LoginUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter代码如下:
Java代码
- package com.xxx.security;
- import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
- public class LoginUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter extends
- UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {
- }
7.2)LoginSuccessHandler代码如下:
Java代码
- package com.xxx.security;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
- import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
- import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
- /**
- * 处理管理员登录日志
- *
- */
- public class LoginSuccessHandler extends SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler{
- @Override
- public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException,
- ServletException {
- UserDetails userDetails = (UserDetails)authentication.getPrincipal();
- //输出登录提示信息
- System.out.println("管理员 " + userDetails.getUsername() + " 登录");
- super.onAuthenticationSuccess(request, response, authentication);
- }
- }
8、在applicationContext-security.xml中加入权限管理配置,如下:
Xml代码
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
- xmlns:b="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">
- <http >
- <!-- 不拦截login.jsp -->
- <intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp*" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY" />
- <!--仅拦截到manager下面的内容,具备access对应权限的-->
- <intercept-url pattern="/manager/**" access="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_UPDATE_FILM,ROLE_DELETE_FILM,ROLE_ADD_FILM" />
- <!-- 设置登录过滤器 -->
- <custom-filter before="FORM_LOGIN_FILTER" ref="authenticationProcessingFilter" />
- <!-- 登录表单设置 -->
- <form-login login-page="/login.jsp"
- default-target-url="/manager/films.jsp"
- authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true" />
- <!-- 登出操作后跳转到该页面 -->
- <logout logout-success-url="/loggedout.jsp"
- delete-cookies="JSESSIONID" />
- <remember-me />
- <!-- SESSION超时后跳转到该页面 -->
- <session-management invalid-session-url="/timeout.jsp">
- </session-management>
- </http>
- <authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager">
- <authentication-provider>
- <!--
- 直接使用SQL语句查询登录帐号对应权限,
- users-by-username-query:查询登录用户是否存在
- authorities-by-username-query:查询登录用户权限(登录用户可以不属于任何组,从t_user_role表中获取权限)
- group-authorities-by-username-query:查询登录用户所在组的权限
- -->
- <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
- group-authorities-by-username-query="SELECT g.id,g.groupname,role.role
- FROM t_group AS g
- LEFT OUTER JOIN t_group_role AS grouprole ON (g.id = grouprole.groupid)
- LEFT OUTER JOIN t_role AS role ON (role.id = grouprole.roleid)
- LEFT OUTER JOIN t_group_user AS groupuser on (g.id = groupuser.groupid)
- LEFT OUTER JOIN t_admin ON (t_admin.id = groupuser.userid)
- WHERE t_admin.nickname = ?"
- users-by-username-query="SELECT t_admin.nickname AS username,t_admin.passwd as password,‘true‘ AS enabled
- FROM t_admin
- WHERE t_admin.nickname = ?"
- authorities-by-username-query="SELECT t_admin.nickname AS username,role.role as authorities
- FROM t_admin
- LEFT OUTER JOIN t_user_role AS userrole ON(t_admin.id = userrole.userid)
- LEFT OUTER JOIN t_role AS role ON (userrole.roleid = role.id)
- WHERE t_admin.nickname = ?" />
- </authentication-provider>
- </authentication-manager>
- <!-- 自定义消息 -->
- <b:bean id="messageSource"
- class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
- <b:property name="basename"
- value="classpath:org/springframework/security/messages" />
- </b:bean>
- <!-- 定制登录过滤器 -->
- <beans:bean id="loginSuccessHandler" class="com.xxx.security.LoginSuccessHandler">
- <b:property name="defaultTargetUrl">
- <!-- 登录成功后转发到该页面 -->
- <b:value>/manager/films.jsp</b:value>
- </b:property>
- </beans:bean>
- <beans:bean id="authenticationProcessingFilter" class="com.xxx.security.LoginUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter">
- <beans:property name="authenticationSuccessHandler" ref="loginSuccessHandler"></beans:property>
- <beans:property name="authenticationFailureHandler" ref="authenticationFailureHandler"></beans:property>
- <beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"></beans:property>
- </beans:bean>
- <beans:bean id="authenticationFailureHandler" class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler">
- <beans:property name="defaultFailureUrl">
- <!-- 登录失败后转发到该页面 -->
- <beans:value>/login.jsp?error=true</beans:value>
- </beans:property>
- </beans:bean>
- </beans:beans>
9、为影片页面films.jsp定制操作权限,定制后,不同的帐号登录会看到不同的操作,
比如,帐号"admin"属于权限组"Administrator",具备权限"ROLE_ADMIN",登录后
可以看到所有操作,帐号"test"属于权限组"影片维护",具备权限"ROLE_UPDATE_FILM"
和"ROLE_ADD_FILM",登录后只能看到"添加影片信息"和"修改"操作
films.jsp页面权限分布图:
films.jsp代码如下:
Html代码
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
- pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
- <%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="security"
- uri="http://www.springframework.org/security/tags"%>
- <%
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
- %>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>信息操作</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <s:form action="/film/findFilm" method="post">
- <s:submit value=" 获取所有影片信息 "></s:submit>
- </s:form>
- <!-- 添加影片操作,登录帐号具备ROLE_ADMIN权限或者ROLE_ADD_FILM权限可以执行 -->
- <security:authorize ifAnyGranted="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_ADD_FILM">
- <a href="<%=basePath %>manager/insertFilm.jsp">添加影片信息</a><br />
- </security:authorize>
- <s:if test="filmList != null">
- <table border="1" width="40%">
- <tr>
- <th>序号</th><th>影片名</th><th>操作</th>
- </tr>
- <%-- 遍历影片信息 --%>
- <s:iterator var="film" value="filmList" status="st">
- <tr>
- <td><s:property value="#st.index+1" /></td>
- <td><s:property value="fname" /></td>
- <td>
- <!-- 修改影片操作,登录帐号具备ROLE_ADMIN权限或者ROLE_UPDATE_FILM权限可以执行 -->
- <security:authorize ifAnyGranted="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_UPDATE_FILM">
- <s:url id="detailUrl" value="/film/detailFilm">
- <s:param name="id" value="%{id}"/>
- </s:url>
- <s:a href="%{detailUrl}">[修改]</s:a>
- </security:authorize>
- <!-- 删除影片操作,登录帐号具备ROLE_ADMIN权限或者ROLE_DELETE_FILM权限可以执行 -->
- <security:authorize ifAnyGranted="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_DELETE_FILM">
- <s:url id="deleteUrl" value="/film/deleteFilm">
- <s:param name="id" value="%{id}"/>
- </s:url>
- <s:a href="%{deleteUrl}">[删除]</s:a>
- </security:authorize>
- </td>
- </tr>
- </s:iterator>
- </table>
- </s:if>
- </body>
- </html>