【Absible学习】Ansible常用模块---命令类模块

command模块可以在远程主机上执行命令，在远程主机中执行命令时，不会经过远程主机的shell处理，如果需要执行的命令中含有重定向、管道符等操作，这些符号也会失效，比如"<", ">", "|", ";" 和 "&" ,如果远程节点是windows操作系统，则需要使用win_command模块。

模块参数

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "chdir=/app/ansible ls"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
chdir
zabbix_discovery_port.sh
[email protected]:39:26~

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
/home/ywbz

[[email protected] ~]# 

默认进入的是资源清单中ansible_ssh_user指定的用户家目录，通过chdir参数在执行命令之前，会先进入到指定的目录中，再自行后面的命令

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "chdir=/app/ansible ls"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
chdir
zabbix_discovery_port.sh
[email protected]:39:26~
[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "creates=/app/ansible/zabbix_discovery_port.sh pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
skipped, since /app/ansible/zabbix_discovery_port.sh exists

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "creates=/app/ansible/zabbix_discovery_port.sh1 pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
/home/ywbz

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "creates=/app/ansible/ pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
skipped, since /app/ansible/ exists

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "creates=/app/ansible1/ pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
/home/ywbz

[[email protected] ~]#

从上面结果可知，当creates参数指定的文件（目录）存在时，就跳过后面的命令，文件（目录）不存在时就执行后面的命令

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "removes=/app/ansible/zabbix_discovery_port.sh pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
/home/ywbz

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "removes=/app/ansible/zabbix_discovery_port1.sh pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
skipped, since /app/ansible/zabbix_discovery_port1.sh does not exist

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "removes=/app/ansible/ pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
/home/ywbz

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m command -a "removes=/app/ansible1/ pwd"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
skipped, since /app/ansible1/ does not exist

[[email protected] ~]#

removes参数和creates参数完全相反。

• shell模块

shell模块在远程主机上执行命令，与command模块不同的是，shell模块在远程主机中执行命令时，会经过远程主机上的/bin/sh程序处理。

模块参数

shell模块中chdir、creates、removes参数的作用与command模块中的作用都是相同的。

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m shell -a "chdir=/app/ansible ls -l >> test"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>

[[email protected] ~]#

使用shell模块可以在远程服务器上执行命令，它支持管道与重定向等符号，执行的命令都是在远程主机上

• script模块
  script模块可以在远程主机上执行ansible主机上的脚本，不需要手动拷贝到远程主机后再执行。

模块参数

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m script -a "chdir=/app/ansible /app/download/system-time.sh"

进入远程主机的/app/ansible目录后，再执行ansible主机上/app/download/system-time.sh脚本。

[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m script -a "creates=/app/ansible /app/download/system-time.sh"
10.15.43.15 | SKIPPED
[[email protected] ~]# ansible 10.15.43.15 -S -R root -m script -a "removes=/app/ansible /app/download/system-time.sh"
10.15.43.15 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": true,

creates参数指定远程主机上存在/app/ansible目录就不执行/app/download/system-time.sh脚本，removes参数执行远程主机目录不存在就不执行脚本，存在就执行脚本。

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/ityunwei2017/2133446