本文总结了两种使用JDBCTemplate进行数据库CRUD操作的例子,我用的是pg,废话不说,直接开始吧。
先贴一张目录结果图吧:
上图中最主要的是配置文件和所需的各种jar包。
一、通过属性文件的.properties的方式
这种方法很简单,也是最基本的,主要是从配置文件读取数据库连接信息,然后设置到数据源中,再将数据源设置到JdbcTemplate中,通过这个对象进行数据库的CRUD操作。
1、配置文件config.properties
用来配置数据库连接信息,我配置的都是一下基本信息
#数据库地址 db.driverClassName = org.postgresql.Driver db.url = jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/hcs db.username = postgres db.password =postgres db.initialSize=5 db.maxActive=1000 db.maxIdle=200 db.minIdle=100 db.maxWait=100 db.validationQuery = select version()
2、获取属性文件config.properties
/** * 获取属性配置文件 * @return */ public Properties getProp(){ InputStream is = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.properties"); Properties prop = new Properties(); try { prop.load(is); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return prop; }
3、创建数据源并获取JdbcTemplate对象
/** * 创建数据源并获取JdbcTemplate * @return */ BasicDataSource basicDataSource = null; public JdbcTemplate getTemplate(){ basicDataSource = new BasicDataSource(); Properties pro = getProp(); basicDataSource.setDriverClassName(pro.getProperty("db.driverClassName")); basicDataSource.setUrl(pro.getProperty("db.url")); basicDataSource.setUsername(pro.getProperty("db.username")); basicDataSource.setPassword(pro.getProperty("db.password")); basicDataSource.setValidationQuery(pro.getProperty("db.validationQuery")); basicDataSource.setInitialSize(50); basicDataSource.setMaxActive(100); basicDataSource.setMaxIdle(50); basicDataSource.setMinIdle(40); basicDataSource.setMaxWait(100); basicDataSource.setRemoveAbandoned(true); basicDataSource.setRemoveAbandonedTimeout(280); basicDataSource.setLogAbandoned(true); basicDataSource.setTestOnBorrow(true); JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(); jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(basicDataSource); return jdbcTemplate; }
4、增删改查
增加
/** * 保存数据 * @throws Exception */ public int saveData(){ String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); String sql = "INSERT INTO sys_user VALUES(‘"+id+"‘,‘111‘,‘111‘,‘111‘,‘111‘,‘111‘,‘111‘,‘111‘)"; int save = 0; try { save = getTemplate().update(sql); close(); } catch (DataAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return save; }
修改
/** * 更新数据 * @return */ public int updateData(){ String sql = "UPDATE sys_user SET user_name=‘hyc‘,user_login_name = ‘hyc‘ WHERE user_id = ?"; int update = getTemplate().update(sql,"222"); close(); return update; }
删除
/** * 删除数据 * @return */ public int deleteData(){ String sql = "DELETE FROM sys_user WHERE user_id = ?"; int delete = getTemplate().update(sql,"111"); close(); return delete; }
查询
/** * 查询数据 * @return */ public long getData(){ String sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sys_user"; long result = getTemplate().queryForObject(sql, Long.class); close(); return result; }
关闭连接方法close()
/** * 关闭连接 */ public void close(){ if(null!=basicDataSource){ try { basicDataSource.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
二、使用xml配置文件
这种方式就是纯Spring方式,需要用到Spring的配置文件,通过IOC和AOP来new对象。
1、Spring配置文件bean.xml(名称自定义,但必须是XML格式)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- IOC和DI的注解扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.hyc" ></context:component-scan> <!-- 打开AOP的注解 --> <!-- 这里用的是中间的横线而不是下划线 --> <!-- <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy> --> <!--第一步:配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" > <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/hcs"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="org.postgresql.Driver"></property> <property name="user" value="postgres"></property> <property name="password" value="hyc123"></property> </bean> <!-- 第二步:将数据源设置JdbcTemplate模板中 --> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 第三步:在dao中注入JdbcTemplate模板 --> <bean id="sysUserDao" class="com.hyc.dao.SysUserDao"> <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property> </bean> <!-- 第四步:在service中注入dao --> <bean id="sysUserService" class="com.hyc.service.SysUserService"> <property name="sysUserDao" ref="sysUserDao"></property> </bean> </beans>
2、创建dao层,将JdbcTemplate作为其属性,并添加get和set方法,这样就可以在dao层调用模板对象
/** * DAO层 * * @createtime 2017年10月31日 下午4:39:44 * @description */ public class SysUserDao { private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; /** * @return the jdbcTemplate */ public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() { return jdbcTemplate; } /** * @param jdbcTemplate * the jdbcTemplate to set */ public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate; } }
3、创建service层,并将dao层作为其属性,提供get和set方法,这样就可以在service中调用dao对象及其中的方法了
/*** * service层 * @createtime 2017年10月31日 下午4:39:31 * @description */ public class SysUserService { private SysUserDao sysUserDao; /** * @return the sysUserDao */ public SysUserDao getSysUserDao() { return sysUserDao; } /** * @param sysUserDao the sysUserDao to set */ public void setSysUserDao(SysUserDao sysUserDao) { this.sysUserDao = sysUserDao; } }
4、在DAO中调用JdbcTemplate对象进行数据库的CRUD操作
增加
/** * 新增用户 * @param sysUser * @return */ public int addUser(SysUser sysUser) { String sql = "INSERT INTO sys_user VALUES(‘" + sysUser.getUserId() + "‘,‘" + sysUser.getUserName() + "‘,‘" + sysUser.getUserRealName() + "‘,‘" + sysUser.getUserCode() + "‘,‘" + sysUser.getUserLoginName() + "‘,‘" + sysUser.getUserDeptId() + "‘,‘" + sysUser.getIsdepadmin() + "‘,‘" + sysUser.getFreecapacity() + "‘)"; int save = 0; try { save = jdbcTemplate.update(sql); } catch (DataAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return save; }
删除
/** * 删除用户 * @param userId * @return */ public int delUser(String userId){ String sql = "DELETE FROM sys_user WHERE user_id = ?"; return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, "d83ea6cf-4f78-4fd4-ac4f-bb32ec706af5"); }
修改
/** * 修改用户信息 * @param sysUser * @return */ public int updateUser(SysUser sysUser){ String sql = "UPDATE sys_user SET user_name=?,user_login_name = ? WHERE user_id = ?"; return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, sysUser.getUserName(),sysUser.getUserLoginName(),sysUser.getUserId()); }
查看
/** * 查看用户 * @param userId * @return */ public Map<String, Object> viewUser(String userId){ String sql = "SELECT * FROM sys_user WHERE user_id=?"; return jdbcTemplate.queryForMap(sql,userId); }
5、在service层(业务逻辑层)通过dao对象进行调用数据库操作相关的方法
//增 public int saveUser(SysUser sysUser){ return sysUserDao.addUser(sysUser); } //删 public int delUser(String userId){ return sysUserDao.delUser(userId); } //改 public int updateUser(SysUser sysUser){ return sysUserDao.updateUser(sysUser); } //查 public Map<String, Object> viewUser(String userId){ return sysUserDao.viewUser(userId); }
6、创建pojo对象,即service中的SysUser,也是数据库表所映射的对象(ORM)
要提供所有属性的get和set方法
1 package com.hyc.dao; 2 3 public class SysUser { 4 private String userId; 5 private String userName; 6 private String userRealName; 7 private String userCode; 8 private String userLoginName; 9 private String userDeptId; 10 private String isdepadmin; 11 private String freecapacity; 12 13 /** 14 * @return the userId 15 */ 16 public String getUserId() { 17 return userId; 18 } 19 20 /** 21 * @param userId 22 * the userId to set 23 */ 24 public void setUserId(String userId) { 25 this.userId = userId; 26 } 27 28 /** 29 * @return the userName 30 */ 31 public String getUserName() { 32 return userName; 33 } 34 35 /** 36 * @param userName 37 * the userName to set 38 */ 39 public void setUserName(String userName) { 40 this.userName = userName; 41 } 42 43 /** 44 * @return the userRealName 45 */ 46 public String getUserRealName() { 47 return userRealName; 48 } 49 50 /** 51 * @param userRealName 52 * the userRealName to set 53 */ 54 public void setUserRealName(String userRealName) { 55 this.userRealName = userRealName; 56 } 57 58 /** 59 * @return the userCode 60 */ 61 public String getUserCode() { 62 return userCode; 63 } 64 65 /** 66 * @param userCode 67 * the userCode to set 68 */ 69 public void setUserCode(String userCode) { 70 this.userCode = userCode; 71 } 72 73 /** 74 * @return the userLoginName 75 */ 76 public String getUserLoginName() { 77 return userLoginName; 78 } 79 80 /** 81 * @param userLoginName 82 * the userLoginName to set 83 */ 84 public void setUserLoginName(String userLoginName) { 85 this.userLoginName = userLoginName; 86 } 87 88 /** 89 * @return the userDeptId 90 */ 91 public String getUserDeptId() { 92 return userDeptId; 93 } 94 95 /** 96 * @param userDeptId 97 * the userDeptId to set 98 */ 99 public void setUserDeptId(String userDeptId) { 100 this.userDeptId = userDeptId; 101 } 102 103 /** 104 * @return the isdepadmin 105 */ 106 public String getIsdepadmin() { 107 return isdepadmin; 108 } 109 110 /** 111 * @param isdepadmin 112 * the isdepadmin to set 113 */ 114 public void setIsdepadmin(String isdepadmin) { 115 this.isdepadmin = isdepadmin; 116 } 117 118 /** 119 * @return the freecapacity 120 */ 121 public String getFreecapacity() { 122 return freecapacity; 123 } 124 125 /** 126 * @param freecapacity 127 * the freecapacity to set 128 */ 129 public void setFreecapacity(String freecapacity) { 130 this.freecapacity = freecapacity; 131 } 132 133 }
7、编写单元测试用例,测试增删改查
在增删改查之前需要获取service对象,而service对象是通过配置文件注入的,所以要通过配置文件的getBean方法获取,这部分代码数据全局变量,所以可以写在junit的before方法中
获取service对象
ApplicationContext context = null; SysUserService sysUserService = null; @Before public void before(){ context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); sysUserService = context.getBean("sysUserService",SysUserService.class); }
测试增删改查
//测试增加操作 @Test public void testSaveUser(){ SysUser sysUser= new SysUser(); sysUser.setUserId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); sysUser.setUserName("hyc2"); sysUser.setUserRealName("hyc2"); sysUser.setUserCode("sss"); sysUser.setUserLoginName("hyc2"); sysUser.setUserDeptId("ddd"); sysUser.setIsdepadmin("1"); sysUser.setFreecapacity("20"); int save = sysUserService.saveUser(sysUser); System.out.println(save==1?"保存成功":"保存失败"); } //测试删除操作 @Test public void testDelUser(){ int del = sysUserService.delUser("4436b3c2-381f-4bc3-8a4c-0a935b30af68"); System.out.println(del==1?"删除成功":"删除失败"); } //测试修改操作 @Test public void testUpdateUser(){ SysUser sysUser= new SysUser(); sysUser.setUserId("441c0c98-f150-45f2-84ca-c0be1b944275"); sysUser.setUserName("hyc222"); sysUser.setUserRealName("hyc222"); sysUser.setUserCode("sss22"); sysUser.setUserLoginName("hyc222"); sysUser.setUserDeptId("ddd"); sysUser.setIsdepadmin("1"); sysUser.setFreecapacity("20"); int update = sysUserService.updateUser(sysUser); System.out.println(update==1?"修改成功":"修改失败"); } //测试查询操作 @Test public void testViewUser(){ Map<String, Object> sysUser = sysUserService.viewUser("222"); System.out.println("用户名是:"+sysUser.get("user_name")); }
以上就是所有内容,已经测试,如果按照步骤即可跑起来,但是我的CRUD都是最简单的,主要是介绍这两种方法的框架搭建。
推荐一篇比较好的博客:----->http://www.cnblogs.com/tuhooo/p/6491913.html,作者在对xml配置文件中配置原理部分的描述比较通俗易懂,可借鉴。