Oracle RAMN 备份解决方案一例

以前在博客里面介绍了RMAN备份脚本一列分享，通过RMAN备份到本地路径，然后通过FTP将备份文件上传到FTP服务器。 下面简单介绍另外一例RMAN备份解决方案，下面是我简单画的一个图（很少画图，感觉有点粗制滥造）。

首先将数据库备份到本地服务器的一个目录下（目录是按日期格式生成,本地备份保留周期视存储情况而定.一般一天即可）。

然后将备份文件通过Symantec Backup Exec 2012 Agent 将本地备份上传到磁带设备（容灾备份,磁带备份保留90天）。

最后清理本地备份路径下的备份。

如上所示，只有三个步骤，整体思路非常简单，下面介绍一下实施的具体脚本

首先介绍一下备份脚本backup_db_xxxx.sh （注意xxx为数据库实例名称，脚本里面很多xxx需要根据具体场景进行替换，例如实例名称、邮件地址等）

   1: #********************************************************************************

   2: #  FileName     :               backup_db_xxxx.sh 

   3: #********************************************************************************

   4: #  Author       :               Tommy

   5: #  CreateDate   :               2012-07-18

   6: #  Description  :               this script is backup the oracle database by rman

   7: #********************************************************************************

   8: #   Parameters  ：                         参数说明

   9: #********************************************************************************

  10: #                                    此脚本无参数，直接调用即可

  11: #********************************************************************************

  12: #      Modified Date    Modified User     Version            Modified Reason

  13: #********************************************************************************

  14: #      2014-04-26         Kerry           V1.0.1       脚本部分地方、调整脚本格式

  15: # 

  16: #********************************************************************************

  17:  

  18:  

  19:  

  20: #REM - USER DEFINED VARIABLES -

  21: export DATESTAMP=`date ‘+%F‘`

  22:  

  23: #REM - Oracle specific settings: -

  24: . /home/oracle/.bash_profile

  25: export CATALOG=NOCATALOG

  26:  

  27: #REM - Specify the Logfiles -

  28: export BACKUP_FULL_LOG=/u04/backup/backuplogs/rman_backup_db_xxx_$DATESTAMP.log

  29:  

  30: #REM - BACKUP SECTION -

  31: echo $BACKUP_FULL_LOG

  32: rman target / $CATALOG cmdfile=/u04/backup/scripts/backup_db_xxx.rcv log=$BACKUP_FULL_LOG

  33:  

  34: EMAILTMP=/u04/backup/backuplogs/rman_backup_db_xxx_$DATESTAMP.TMP

  35:  

  36: ######################## config email parameters ##########################

  37: echo ‘Content-Type: text/html‘ > $EMAILTMP

  38: echo ‘To: [email protected], [email protected],[email protected]‘ >> $EMAILTMP

  39: echo ‘Subject : Backup Status - xxxx(RMAN hot backup)‘ >> $EMAILTMP

  40: echo ‘<pre style="font-family: courier; font-size: 9pt">‘ >> $EMAILTMP

  41: ###########################################################################

  42:  

  43: echo "=======================================================" >> $EMAILTMP

  44: echo "================ Daily Backup for xxxx ================" >> $EMAILTMP

  45: echo "=======================================================" >> $EMAILTMP

  46: echo " " >> $EMAILTMP 

  47:  

  48: cat $BACKUP_FULL_LOG >> $EMAILTMP 2>&1

  49: echo " " >> $EMAILTMP 

  50: echo "================ End of Rman Backup ==================" >> $EMAILTMP

  51: echo "======================================================" >> $EMAILTMP

  52:  

  53: /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -f "BackupAdmin" < $EMAILTMP

  54: rm $EMAILTMP

backup_db_xxx.rcv 文件其实RMAN的命令文件(backup_db_xxxx.sh 里面调用)。如下所示

   1: run {

   2: CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2; # default

   3: CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

   4: CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

   5: CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

   6: CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO ‘/u04/backup/backupsets/ora_cf%F‘;

   7: CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

   8: CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

   9: CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

  10: CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT ‘/u04/backup/backupsets/ora_df%t_s%s_s%p‘;

  11: CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

  12: CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

  13: CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM ‘AES128‘; # default

  14: CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

  15: sql ‘alter system archive log current‘;

  16: backup as compressed backupset database plus archivelog delete input;

  17: copy current controlfile to ‘/u04/backup/backupsets/controlfile.copy‘;

  18: }

  19: exit

delete_obj_xxxx.sh  文件如下所示：

   1: #*****************************************************************************************

   2: #  FileName     :               delete_obj_xxxx.sh 

   3: #*****************************************************************************************

   4: #  Author       :               Tommy

   5: #  CreateDate   :               2012-07-18

   6: #  Description  :               this script is delete the obsolete object through rman

   7: #*****************************************************************************************

   8: #   Parameters  ：                                             参数说明

   9: #*****************************************************************************************

  10: #                                                                此脚本无参数，直接调用即可

  11: #*****************************************************************************************

  12: #      Modified Date    Modified User     Version            Modified Reason

  13: #*****************************************************************************************

  14: #      2014-04-26         Kerry           V1.0.1         修改脚本部分地方、调整脚本格式

  15: # 

  16: #                               

  17: #                               

  18: #*****************************************************************************************

  19:  

  20:  

  21: #REM - USER DEFINED VARIABLES -

  22: export DATESTAMP=`date ‘+%F‘`

  23:  

  24: #REM - Oracle specific settings: -

  25: . /home/oracle/.bash_profile

  26: export CATALOG=NOCATALOG

  27:  

  28: #REM - Specified the logfiles -

  29: export BACKUP_FULL_LOG=/u04/backup/backuplogs/rman_delete_ob_xxx_$DATESTAMP.log

  30:  

  31: #REM - BACKUP SECTION -

  32: echo $BACKUP_FULL_LOG

  33: rman target / $CATALOG cmdfile=/u04/backup/scripts/delete_ob_xxx.rcv log=$BACKUP_FULL_LOG

/u04/backup/scripts/delete_ob_xxx.rcv文件为RMAN的cmdfile，如下所示

   1: run {

   2: CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2; # default

   3: CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

   4: CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

   5: CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

   6: CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO ‘/u04/backup/backupsets/ora_cf%F‘;

   7: CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

   8: CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

   9: CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

  10: CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT ‘/u04/backup/backupsets/ora_df%t_s%s_s%p‘;

  11: CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

  12: CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

  13: CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM ‘AES128‘; # default

  14: CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

  15: sql ‘alter system archive log current‘;

  16: delete obsolete;

  17: }

然后再crontab作业里面配置作业

15 00 * * * /u04/backup/scripts/backup_db_xxx.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

00 08 * * * /u04/backup/scripts/delete_ob_xxx.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

也许会有人问，不是还有Symantec Backup Exec Agent 将备份文件上带吗，其实关于这个，首先需要在Linux服务器安装Symantec Backup Exec 2012 Agent，这个可以参考我博客Symantec Backup Exec 2012 Agent For Linux安装。在配置文件指定Symantec Backup Exec Server，然后只需要在服务器设定一个作业定时备份文件即可。感觉没有啥可以说的。

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