逻辑备份与恢复

oracle227


逻辑备份与恢复

备份与恢复简介：


备份是数据库中数据的副本，它可以保护数据在出现意外

损失时最大限度的恢复。

Oracle数据库的备份包括以下两种类型：

物理备份是对数据库的操作系统物理文件（如数据文件、控制文件和日志文件等）的备份:RMAN备份

逻辑备份是对数据库逻辑组件（如表、视图和存储过程等数据库对象）的备份：imp[dp]/exp[dp]

故障类型：


导致数据库操作中止的故障包括四种类型：

语句故障：在执行 SQL 语句无效可导致语句故障。

用户进程故障：当用户程序出错而无法访问数据库时发生用户进程故障。导致用户进程故障的原因是异常断开连接或异常终止进程

实例故障：当 Oracle 的数据库实例由于硬件或软件问题而无法继续运行时，就会发生实例故障

介质故障：在数据库无法正确读取或写入某个数据库文件时，会发生介质故障

语句故障 select * from aa;//假如aa表并不存在的情况 不需要处理
用户进程故障 用户（死机、用户进程消失了）<——>连接<——>服务器（pmon进程处理，监测到客户端进程消失后马上就把serverPro杀死掉） 不需要处理
实例故障 oracle服务器死机、坏掉了，通过重启oracle就可以解决实例故障 不需要处理
介质故障 硬盘坏了导致数据文件丢失或者损坏了 需要dba来进行处理

传统的导入导出：


简介：

传统的导出导入程序用于实施数据库的逻辑备份和恢复

导出程序将数据库中的对象定义和数据备份到一个操作系统二进制文件中

导入程序读取二进制导出文件并将对象和数据载入数据库中

传统的导出导入程序是客户端工具。

导出和导入实用程序的特点有：

可以按时间保存表结构和数据

允许导出指定的表，并重新导入到新的数据库中

可以把数据库迁移到另外一台异构服务器上

在两个不同版本的Oracle数据库之间传输数据

在联机状态下进行备份和恢复

可以重新组织表的存储结构，减少链接及磁盘碎片

使用以下三种方法调用导出和导入实用程序：

1，交互提示符：以交互的方式提示用户逐个输入参数的值。

2，命令行参数：在命令行指定执行程序的参数和参数值。

3，参数文件：允许用户将运行参数和参数值存储在参数文件中，以便重复使用参数

导出和导入数据库对象的四种模式是：四种模式独立互斥的，不能同时存在

1，数据库模式：导出和导入整个数据库中的所有对象

2，表空间模式：导出和导入一个或多个指定的表空间中的所有对象

3，用户模式：导出和导入一个用户模式中的所有对象

4，表模式：导出和导入一个或多个指定的表或表分区

表的高水位线可以使用导入导出来下降

   导出操作的基本命令参数：


参数
说明

USERID
确定执行导出实用程序的用户名和口令

BUFFER
确定导出数据时所使用的缓冲区大小，其大小用字节表示

FILE
指定导出的二进制文件名称，默认的扩展名是.dmp

FULL
指定是否以全部数据库方式导出，只有授权用户才可使用此参数

OWNER
要导出的数据库用户列表

HELP
指定是否显示帮助消息和参数说明

ROWS
确定是否要导出表中的数据

TABLES
按表方式导出时，指定需导出的表和分区的名称

PARFILE
指定传递给导出实用程序的参数文件名

TABLESPACES
按表空间方式导出时，指定要导出的表空间名

[root@ localhost ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@ localhost ~]$ clear

[oracle@ localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE

[oracle@ localhost oracle]$ ls

admin  archive  cfgtoollogs  checkpoints  diag  flash_recovery_area  oradata  pl_sql_pacakge

[oracle@ localhost oracle]$ mkdir - p test_imp_exp

[oracle@ localhost oracle]$ cd test_imp_exp/

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ls

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ pwd

/u01 /app /oracle /test_imp_exp

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ sqlplus hr/ hr@ jiagulun

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue
Jan 20 23: 50: 52 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle.  All rights
reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

SQL> select * from student;

ID NAME                        AGE

---------- -------------------- ----------

SQL> select * from address;

XH ZZ

---------- ----------

SQL> exit;

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp help =y --通过这个来查看关于exp命令的解释

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue
Jan 20 23:51:56 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

You can let Export prompt you for parameters by entering the EXP

command followed by your username/password :

Example: EXP SCOTT/TIGER

Or, you can control how Export runs by entering the EXP command
followed

by various arguments. To specify parameters, you use keywords:

Format:   EXP KEYWORD= value or KEYWORD =(value1 ,value2 ,... ,valueN )

Example: EXP SCOTT/TIGER GRANTS=Y TABLES=( EMP, DEPT, MGR)

or TABLES=( T1: P1, T1: P2), if T1 is partitioned table

USERID must be the first parameter on the command line.

Keyword    Description (Default )      Keyword      Description (Default )

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

USERID     username/password           FULL         export entire file (N )

BUFFER     size of data buffer        OWNER        list of owner
usernames

FILE       output files (EXPDAT.DMP )  TABLES       list of table names

COMPRESS   import into one extent (Y ) RECORDLENGTH length of IO record

GRANTS     export grants (Y)          INCTYPE      incremental export type

INDEXES    export indexes (Y )         RECORD      
track incr. export (Y )

DIRECT     direct path (N )            TRIGGERS     export triggers (Y )

LOG        log file of screen output  STATISTICS   analyze objects (ESTIMATE )

ROWS       export data rows (Y )      
PARFILE      parameter filename

CONSISTENT cross- table consistency (N ) CONSTRAINTS  export constraints (Y )

OBJECT_CONSISTENT    transaction set to read only during object export (N )

FEEDBACK             display progress every x rows (0 )

FILESIZE             maximum size of each dump file

FLASHBACK_SCN        SCN used to set session snapshot back to

FLASHBACK_TIME       time used to get the SCN closest to the specified time

QUERY                select clause used to export a subset of a table

RESUMABLE            suspend when a space related error is encountered (N )

RESUMABLE_NAME       text string used to identify resumable statement

RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT    wait time for RESUMABLE

TTS_FULL_CHECK       perform full or partial dependency check for TTS

VOLSIZE              number of bytes to write to each tape
volume

TABLESPACES          list of tablespaces to export

TRANSPORT_TABLESPACE export transportable tablespace metadata (N)

TEMPLATE             template name which invokes iAS mode export

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp hr/ hr@ jiagulun tables =student file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_student_file.dbf log=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_student_log.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed
Jan 21 00:05:42 2015--上面的命令为通过导出表的模式导出student表

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

. . exporting table                        STUDENT          4 rows exported

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ! ls - a

ls - a

.  ..  expdat.dmp  hr_student_file.dbf  hr_student_log.log

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp hr/ hr@ jiagulun tablespaces= users file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_tbs_users_file.dbf log=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_tbs_users_log.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed
Jan 21 00:08:23 2015--导出表空间

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

EXP-00023 : must be a DBA to do Full Database or Tablespace export--假如是导出数据库或者恶表空间需要dba来做

(2) U( sers), or ( 3) T( ables): ( 2) U > u--自动跳到了交互提示符模式：exp

Export grants (yes /no ): yes > yes

Export table data (yes /no ): yes > yes

Compress extents (yes /no ): yes > yes

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export selected tablespaces ...

. exporting referential integrity constraints

. exporting triggers

Export terminated successfully with warnings.

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ls

expdat.dmp  hr_student_file.dbf  hr_student_log.log  hr_tbs_users_file.dbf  hr_tbs_users_log.log

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ll

total 40

-rw -r --r-- 1 oracle oinstall     0 Jan 21 00:02 expdat.dmp

-rw -r --r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16384 Jan 21 00:05 hr_student_file.dbf

-rw -r --r-- 1 oracle oinstall   427 Jan 21 00:05 hr_student_log.log

-rw -r --r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16384 Jan 21 00:10 hr_tbs_users_file.dbf

-rw -r --r-- 1 oracle oinstall   463 Jan 21 00:10 hr_tbs_users_log.log

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed
Jan 21 00: 11: 22 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle.  All rights
reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

SQL> create user test1 identified by test1;

User created.

SQL> grant connect, resource to test1 ;

Grant succeeded.

SQL>  create table test_export_tab(id number (20 ),name varchar2 (20 ));

Table created.

SQL> insert into test_export_tab values( 1, ‘zhangsan‘);

1 row created.

SQL> exit;

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp hr/ hr@ jiagulun tables=test1.test_export_tab file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_test1_tab_file.dbf log=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_test1_tab_log.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed
Jan 21 00:20:07 2015--导出不同用户的表

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

EXP-00009 : no privilege to export TEST1 ‘s
table TEST_EXPORT_TAB

Export terminated successfully with warnings.--导出不同用户的数据信息必须有权限

[[email protected] test_imp_exp]$ exp system/[email protected] tables=test1.test_export_tab file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_test1_tab_file.dbf log=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_test1_tab_log.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 00:23:48 2015--system用户可以导出不同用户数据

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

Current user changed to TEST1

. . exporting table                TEST_EXPORT_TAB          1 rows exported

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

 导入操作的基本命令参数：


参数
说明

USERID
指定执行导入的用户名和密码

BUFFER
指定用来读取数据的缓冲区大小，以字节为单位

COMMIT
指定是否在每个数组（其大小由BUFFER参数设置）插入后进行提交

FILE
指定要导入的二进制文件名

FROMUSER
指定要从导出转储文件中导入的用户模式

TOUSER
指定要将对象导入的用户名。FROMUSER与TOUSER可以不同

FULL
指定是否要导入整个导出转储文件

TABLES
指定要导入的表的列表

ROWS
指定是否要导入表中的行

PARFILE
指定传递给导入实用程序的参数文件名，此文件可以包含这里列出的所有参数

IGNORE
导入时是否忽略遇到的错误，默认为N

TABLESPACES
按表空间方式导入，列出要导入的表空间名

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp hr/ hr@ jiagulun tables = student,address  file = $ORACLE_BASE /test_imp_exp /hr_stu_add log = $ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp /hr_stu_add

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed
Jan 21 00:56:30 2015--导出文件的表不是table=(tab1,tab2)而是如上面所示

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

. . exporting table                        STUDENT          4 rows exported

. . exporting table                        ADDRESS          4 rows exported

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ls

hr_stu_add.dmp  hr_stu_add.log

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ sqlplus hr/ hr

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed
Jan 21 00: 57: 04 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle.  All rights
reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

SQL> drop table address;

Table dropped.

SQL> drop table student;

Table dropped.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> purge recyclebin; --清除回收站

Recyclebin purged.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ imp hr/hr@jiagulun file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp

Import: Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 00 :59 :27 2015 --导入表到自己当中去

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT: V11.02.00 via conventional path

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing HR‘s objects into HR

. importing HR‘ s objects into HR

. . importing table                      "STUDENT"          4 rows imported

. . importing table                      "ADDRESS"          4 rows imported

About to enable constraints...

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ imp hr/hr@jiagulun file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp
fromuser =hr touser=test1

Import: Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01 :00 :31 2015 --通过其他用户把表导入到另外用户中去

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT: V11.02.00 via conventional path

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

IMP- 00007: must be a DBA to import objects to another user ‘s
account

IMP-00000: Import terminated unsuccessfully--通过其他用户把表导入到另外用户中去，这是不行的

[[email protected] test_imp_exp]$ imp test1/[email protected] file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp fromuser=hr touser=test1 tables=student

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01:01:26 2015--自己导入其他用户的表到自己当中去

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by HR, not by you--可以导入，但是会有警告

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing HR‘ s objects into TEST1

. . importing table                      "STUDENT"          4 rows imported

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ imp system/ oracle@ jiagulun file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp
fromuser =hr touser=test1 tables= address

Import: Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01 :02 :00 2015 --通过system导入其他表到另外用户中可以

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT: V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by HR , not by you --通过system导入其他表到另外用户中可以但也会有警告出现

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing HR‘s objects into TEST1

. . importing table                      "ADDRESS"          4 rows imported

About to enable constraints...

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[[email protected] test_imp_exp]$ sqlpus test1/test1

-bash: sqlpus: command not found

[[email protected] test_imp_exp]$ sqlplus test1/test1

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 01:02:22 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select * from tab;

TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID

------------------------------ ------- ----------

ADDRESS                        TABLE

STUDENT                        TABLE

TEST_EXPORT_TAB                TABLE

SQL>

假如我想导入用户已经存在的表：需要添加ignore参数

下面是通过交互提示符的方式导入的：没有添加ignore

[[email protected] test_imp_exp]$ imp

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01:33:00 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Username: test1

Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Import data only (yes/no): no >

Import file: expdat.dmp > hr_stu_add.dmp

Enter insert buffer size (minimum is 8192) 30720>

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by HR, not by you

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

List contents of import file only (yes/no): no >

Ignore create error due to object existence (yes/no): no >

Import grants (yes/no): yes >

Import table data (yes/no): yes >

Import entire export file (yes/no): no >

Username: hr

Enter table(T) or partition(T:P) names. Null list means all tables for user

Enter table(T) or partition(T:P) name or . if done: .

. importing HR‘s objects into TEST1

. importing HR‘s objects into TEST1

IMP-00015: following statement failed because the object already exists:

"CREATE TABLE "STUDENT" ("ID" NUMBER(10, 0), "NAME" VARCHAR2(20), "AGE" NUMB"

"ER(10, 0))  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 6"

"5536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DE"

"FAULT)                    LOGGING NOCOMPRESS"

IMP-00015: following statement failed because the object already exists:

"CREATE TABLE "ADDRESS" ("XH" NUMBER, "ZZ" VARCHAR2(10))  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED"

" 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1"

" FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)                    LOGG"

"ING NOCOMPRESS"

Import terminated successfully with warnings.

下面是通过参数文件的方式导入的：添加ignore

file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp

ignore=y

fromuser=hr

touser=test1

[[email protected] test_imp_exp]$ imp test1/[email protected] parfile=imp_by_spfile

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01:46:58 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by HR, not by you

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing HR‘s objects into TEST1

. . importing table                      "STUDENT"

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_STUDENT) violated

Column 1 1

Column 2 ????

Column 3 20

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_STUDENT) violated

Column 1 2

Column 2 ????

Column 3 25

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_STUDENT) violated

Column 1 3

Column 2 ????

Column 3 30

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_STUDENT) violated

Column 1 4

Column 2 ????

Column 3 30          0 rows imported

. . importing table                      "ADDRESS"

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_ADDRESS) violated

Column 1 3

Column 2 ????

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_ADDRESS) violated

Column 1 2

Column 2 ???

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_ADDRESS) violated

Column 1 1

Column 2 ????

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_ADDRESS) violated

Column 1 4

Column 2 ????          0 rows imported

About to enable constraints...

Import terminated successfully with warnings.

[[email protected] test_imp_exp]$

之所以会出现建表语句是因为exp操作就是把数据库中的表的建表信息，数据信息，对象信息全部转换成sql语句

当使用Imp的其实也就是执行里面的sql语句。

当ignore设置为Y时，oracle会忽略其中的错误重新执行一遍建表操作，数据插入操作等

可传输表空间：

下面模拟两个不同主机下的不同数据库进行表空间的传输操作：

明确什么事自包含？

就是要传输的表空间的对象中被建立的对象存放在其他表空间中：例如表，可以把表的索引建立在其他的表空间中，这样就不是自包含了。

在Linux下进行的传输表空间：

[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ sqlplus / as sysdba --sys登录oracle数据库

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed
Jan 21 18: 06: 45 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle.  All rights
reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

SQL> create tablespace test_tran_ts datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/test_tran_ts_file.dbf‘ size 10 m;

Tablespace created. --创建表空间

SQL> create table  test_tran_tab1 (id number ,name varchar2 (20 )) tablespace test_tran_ts ;

Table created. --在该表空间中创建表

SQL>  alter tablespace test_tran_ts read only;

Tablespace altered. --修改表空间为只读的状态

[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed
Jan 21 18: 18: 58 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle.  All rights
reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

SQL> exec dbms_tts.transport_set_check (test_tran_ts ,true );

BEGIN dbms_tts.transport_set_check (test_tran_ts ,true ); END;

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-06550 : line 1, column 36 :

PLS-00201 : identifier ‘TEST_TRAN_TS‘ must
be declared

ORA-06550 : line 1, column 7 :

PL/SQL: Statement ignored

SQL> exec dbms_tts.transport_set_check (‘test_tran_ts‘ ,true );--检查表空间的是否是自包含

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> SELECT * FROM TRANSPORT_SET_VIOLATIONS ;--检查表空间的是否是自包含

no rows selected

SQL> exit;

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp \‘system/[email protected] as sysdba\‘ tablespaces=test_tran_ts
transport_tablespace =y file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/exp_tran_file.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed
Jan 21 18:25:37 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

EXP-00056 : ORACLE error 1031 encountered

ORA-01031 : insufficient privileges

Username:

Password:

EXP-00056 : ORACLE error 1017 encountered

ORA-01017 : invalid username /password ; logon
denied

Username:

Password:

EXP-00056 : ORACLE error 1017 encountered

ORA-01017 : invalid username /password ; logon
denied

EXP-00005 : all allowable logon attempts failed

EXP-00000 : Export terminated unsuccessfully

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp \‘sys/[email protected] as sysdba\‘ tablespaces=test_tran_ts transport_tablespace =y file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/exp_tran_file.dmp

--必须使用sys用户而且是as sysdba才可以

--在Linux中需要对‘进行转义才可以

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed
Jan 21 18:25:49 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

Note: table data ( rows) will not be
exported

About to export transportable tablespace metadata...

For tablespace TEST_TRAN_TS ...

. exporting cluster definitions

. exporting table definitions

. exporting referential integrity constraints

. exporting triggers

. end transportable tablespace metadata export

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ls

exp_tran_file.dmp  hr_stu_add.dmp  hr_stu_add.log  imp_by_spfile

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ mkdir -p  imp_tran_file

--之所以建立一个文件夹是因为模拟是从另外一台主机拷贝过来的，统一放在该目录下

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ls

exp_tran_file.dmp  hr_stu_add.dmp  hr_stu_add.log  imp_by_spfile  imp_tran_file

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ cp - avf /u01 /app /oracle /oradata /jiagulun /test_tran_ts

test_tran_ts01.dbf     test_tran_ts_file.dbf

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ cp - avf /u01 /app /oracle /oradata /jiagulun /test_tran_ts_file.dbf
. /imp_tran_file /

`/ u01/ app/ oracle/ oradata/ jiagulun/ test_tran_ts_file.dbf‘
-> `./imp_tran_file/test_tran_ts_file.dbf‘

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ cd imp_tran_file/

[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ ls

exp_tran_file.dmp  test_tran_ts_file.dbf

[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed
Jan 21 18: 29: 38 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle.  All rights
reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

SQL> drop tablespace test_tran_ts including contents; --删除刚刚创建的表空间，因为实际上是在同一个oracle中进行传输表空间的

Tablespace dropped.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ imp \‘sys/[email protected] as sysdba\‘ tablespaces=test_tran_ts transport_tablespace =y file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/imp_tran_file/exp_tran_file.dmp datafiles=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/imp_tran_file/test_tran_ts_file.dbf

--导入表空间

Import: Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 18 :32 :15 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle and /or its
affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT: V11.02.00 via conventional path

About to import transportable tablespace (s ) metadata...

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing SYS‘s objects into SYS

. importing SYS‘ s objects into SYS

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed
Jan 21 18: 32: 25 2015

Copyright ( c) 1982 , 2009, Oracle.  All rights
reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit
Production

With the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application
Testing options

SQL> set linesize 10000 pagesize 10000;

SQL> select dt.tablespace_name ,dt.block_size ,dt.status ,dt.contents  from dba_tablespaces
dt;

TABLESPACE_NAME                BLOCK_SIZE STATUS    CONTENTS

------------------------------ ---------- --------- ---------

SYSTEM                               8192 ONLINE    PERMANENT

SYSAUX                               8192 ONLINE    PERMANENT

UNDOTBS1                             8192 ONLINE    UNDO

TEMP                                 8192 ONLINE    TEMPORARY

USERS                                8192 ONLINE    PERMANENT

UNDOTBS2                             8192 ONLINE    UNDO

EXAMPLE                              8192 ONLINE    PERMANENT

TESTTS                               8192 ONLINE    PERMANENT

TEMP2                                8192 ONLINE    TEMPORARY

TEMP3                                8192 ONLINE    TEMPORARY

TEST_TRAN_TS                         8192 READ ONLY PERMANENT

11 rows selected.

SQL> alter tablespace TEST_TRAN_TS read, write;

alter tablespace TEST_TRAN_TS read, write

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-02142 : missing or invalid ALTER TABLESPACE option

SQL> alter tablespace TEST_TRAN_TS read write; --修改表空间的状态

Tablespace altered.

SQL> insert into test_tran_tab values( 1, ‘张三‘);

insert into test_tran—n_tab values( 1, ‘张三‘)

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00942 : table or view does not exist

SQL> insert into test_tran_tab values( 1, ‘zs‘);

1 row created.

SQL> select * from test_tran_tab;

ID NAME

---------- --------------------

1 zs

SQL>

使用数据泵的方式导入导出：


exp/imp的缺点是速度太慢，在大型生产库中尤其明显。从10g开始，oracle设计了数据泵，这是一个服务器端的工

具，它为Oracle数据提供高速并行及大数据的迁移。imp/exp可以在客户端调用，但是expdp/impdp只能在服

务端，因为在使用expdp/impdp以前需要在数据库中创建一个 Directory 。

在expdp进行导出时，先创建了MT表，并把对象的信息插入到MT表，之后进行导出动作；导出完成后，MT表也导

出到转储文件中；导出任务完成后、或者删除了导出任务后，MT表自动删除；如果导出任务异常终止，MT表仍然保留。

expdp也具有四种模式：表、用户、可传输表空间、全库。


数据泵的导出：

1，部分的exp中的参数仍然可用，有的不能使用，如index。

2，directory：供转储文件和日志文件使用的目录对象。

3，job_name：指定的任务的名称。

4，content：指定要导出的数据, 其中有效关键字值为: (ALL), DATA_ONLY 和 METADATA_ONLY，当设置content为ALL 时,将导出对象定义及其所有数据；

DATA_ONLY时,只导出对象数据；为METADATA_ONLY时,只导出对象定义 。

5，reuse_dumpfiles：如果导出文件已经存在，是否覆盖。

6，compression：压缩导出文件。

7，estimate：指定估算被导出表所占用磁盘空间分方法.默认值是BLOCKS

8， estimate_only：是否只估算导出占用的磁盘空间，而不进行真正的导出，默认是N。

9，exclude：用于指定执行操作时要排除对象类型或相关对象，用法：EXCLUDE=object_type[:name_clause] [,….]

10，include：用于指定执行操作时要包含的对象类型或相关对象，用法：INCLUDE=object_type[:name_clause] [,….]

11，query：导出符合条件的行。

12，attch：连接到现有的作业，可以用在中断导出任务后重新启动导出任务。

----------------------------------------------------------------

[[email protected] oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 20:50:29 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>  create directory test_impdp_expdp as ‘/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp‘;

Directory created.--创建目录

SQL> grant write,read on directory test_impdp_expdp to hr;

Grant succeeded.--给用户赋予权限

SQL>  grant write,read on directory test_impdp_expdp to test1;

Grant succeeded.--给用户赋予权限

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Productio

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[[email protected] oracle]$ cd test_impdp_expdp/

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile

--默认是多出用户的所有的对象

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:14:04 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  hr/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfi

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 768 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/CLUSTER/CLUSTER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/CLUSTER/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TRIGGER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/EVENT/TRIGGER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/JOB

. . exported "HR"."ADDRESS"                              5.476 KB       2 rows

. . exported "HR"."COUNTRIES"                            6.367 KB      25 rows

. . exported "HR"."DEPARTMENTS"                          7.007 KB      27 rows

. . exported "HR"."DEPT"                                 5.492 KB       3 rows

. . exported "HR"."DROPPED_OBJ"                          6.367 KB      21 rows

. . exported "HR"."EMPLOYEES"                            16.81 KB     107 rows

. . exported "HR"."JOBS"                                 6.992 KB      19 rows

. . exported "HR"."JOB_HISTORY"                          7.054 KB      10 rows

. . exported "HR"."LOCATIONS"                            8.273 KB      23 rows

. . exported "HR"."REGIONS"                              5.476 KB       4 rows

. . exported "HR"."STUDENT"                              5.937 KB       3 rows

. . exported "HR"."TEST_JOB"                             24.74 KB    1684 rows

Master table "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_01.dmp

Job "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 22:16:07

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ ls

export.log  test_exp_01.dmp

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP TABLES=Sexp_02.dmp  EXCLUDE=INDEX:"=\‘INDEX_ADDRESS_NAME\‘"

LRM-00116: syntax error at ‘INDEX:‘ following ‘=‘

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP TABLES=Sexp_02.dmp  EXCLUDE=INDEX:"IN\‘INDEX_ADDRESS_NAME\‘"

.--通过上面的导出你会发现需要对‘进行转义,而且是IN关键字

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:25:09 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":  hr/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP TABLES=_exp_02.dmp EXCLUDE=INDEX:IN\‘INDEX_ADDRESS_NAME\‘

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 128 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "HR"."ADDRESS"                              5.476 KB       2 rows

. . exported "HR"."STUDENT"                              5.937 KB       3 rows

Master table "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_02.dmp

Job "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 22:25:20

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student,address encryption=dmpfiles=test_exp_encrytion_reuse_01.dmp

LRM-00101: unknown parameter name ‘dumpfiles‘

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student,address encryption=dmpfile=test_exp_encrytion_reuse_01.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:32:31 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39002: invalid operation

ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.

ORA-39145: directory object parameter must be specified and non-null

--对于上面的错误是因为没有打开或者不存在encryption wallet所以需要进行下面操作：


oracle Wallet的使用（即内部加密技术TDE（Transparent Data Encryption ））

1. TDE是Oracle10gR2中推出的一个新功能，使用时要保证Oracle版本是在10gR2或者以上

--查看oracle版本：

select * from v$version;

2、创建一个新目录，并指定为Wallet目录

D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\ora10\ora_wallet

3. 设置wallet目录，在参数文件sqlnet.ora中（window+f,在你安装盘区查找sqlnet.ora），按照下面的格式加入信息：

ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION=(SOURCE=(METHOD=FILE)

(METHOD_DATA=(DIRECTORY=D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\ora10\ora_wallet)))

4. 创建master key文件，指定wallet密码，使用SYS用户登入系统，建立加密文件

SQL> alter system set encryption key identified by "wallet";

System altered

--  密码"wallet"不加引号时，后面使用时也不需要用引号

此时在设置的目录下，多出一个Personal Information Exchange类型的文件，相当于我们生成的master key文件。D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\ora10\ora_wallet\ewallet.p12

5、启动、关闭Wallet

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "wallet";

ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "wallet"

ORA-28354: wallet 已经打开

SQL>  ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET CLOSE;   --关闭

System altered

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "wallet";  --打开

System altered

到此，已经成功配置了Wallet，创建了master key。

--通过上面的创建并且开启encryption wallet后才可以进行如下

[[email protected] wallet]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=test_exp_encryption_1.dmp encryption=data_only

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:57:01 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":  hr/********@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=test_exp_encryption_1.dmp encryption=data_only

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "HR"."STUDENT"                              5.945 KB       3 rows

Master table "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_encryption_1.dmp

Job "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 23:57:08

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student compression=data_onl  reuse_dumpfiles=y dumpfile=test_exp_01.dmp--reuse_dumpfiles表示可以覆盖原文件

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:41:57 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":  hr/********@jiagulun tables=student compression=data_on reuse_dumpfiles=y dumpfile=test_exp_01.dmp

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "HR"."STUDENT"                              4.914 KB       3 rows

Master table "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_01.dmp

Job "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 22:42:02

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP

EXCLUDE=CONSTRAINT:IN\‘PK_PRIMARY\‘" dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname

--需要转义和大写

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:56:23 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "HR"."TEST_EXP_JOBNAME":  hr/********@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDP_EK_PRIMARY\‘ dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "HR"."STUDENT"                              5.937 KB       3 rows

Master table "HR"."TEST_EXP_JOBNAME" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.TEST_EXP_JOBNAME is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_jobname.dmp

Job "HR"."TEST_EXP_JOBNAME" successfully completed at 22:56:28

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMPIN\‘PK_PRIMARY\‘" dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:57:02 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39000: bad dump file specification

ORA-31641: unable to create dump file "/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_jobname.dmp"

ORA-27038: created file already exists

Additional information: 1

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMPIN\‘PK_PRIMARY\‘" dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname REUSE_DUMPFILES=Y

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:16:05 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "HR"."TEST_EXP_JOBNAME":  hr/********@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDP_EK_PRIMARY\‘ dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname REUSE_DUMPFILES=Y

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "HR"."STUDENT"                              5.937 KB       3 rows

Master table "HR"."TEST_EXP_JOBNAME" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.TEST_EXP_JOBNAME is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_jobname.dmp

Job "HR"."TEST_EXP_JOBNAME" successfully completed at 23:16:19

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ exp hr/[email protected] TABLES=STUDENT DIRECTORY=test_impdp_etion.dmp

LRM-00101: unknown parameter name ‘DIRECTORY‘

EXP-00019: failed to process parameters, type ‘EXP HELP=Y‘ for help

EXP-00000: Export terminated unsuccessfully

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMP id <2" dumpfile=test_exp_query.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:17:57 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMP id <2" dumpfile=test_exp_query.dmp reuse_dumpfile=y

LRM-00101: unknown parameter name ‘reuse_dumpfile‘

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMP id <2" dumpfile=test_exp_query.dmp reuse_dumpfiles=y

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:18:28 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMP id <2" dumpfile=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:18:56 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected]  directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP query=s=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:19:11 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected]  directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP query=s=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:19:37 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected]  directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP query=se=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:21:12 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMP id \<2" dumpfile=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:21:41 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMP dumpfile=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:26:04 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMPery_1.dmp query=STUDENT:"WHERE ID < 2"

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:28:16 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMPery_1.dmp query=STUDENT:"WHERE ID \< 2"

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:28:23 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] tables=student   directory=TEST_IMPery_1.dmp query=STUDENT:\"WHERE ID \< 2\"

--通过上面的错误可以知道符号需要被转义和query的使用方式

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:28:30 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":  hr/********@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDry_1.dmp query=STUDENT:"WHERE ID < 2"

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "HR"."STUDENT"                              5.906 KB       1 rows

Master table "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_query_1.dmp

Job "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 23:28:40

WRL_TYPE

--------------------

WRL_PARAMETER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STATUS

------------------

file

/u01/app/oracle/admin/jiagulun/wallet

CLOSED

数据泵的导入：


1，content：指定要加载的数据, 其中有效关键字值为: (ALL), DATA_ONLY 和 METADATA_ONLY，当设置content为ALL 时,将加载对象定义及其所有数据；

DATA_ONLY时,只加载对象数据；为METADATA_ONLY时,只加载对象定义 。

2，estimate：估算所占用磁盘空间分方法.默认值是BLOCKS

3，remap_schema：用于将对象从一个用户下导入到另一个用户下。

4，remap_tablespace：用于将对象从一个表空间下导入到另一个表空间下。

5，remap_datafile：用于在不同文件系统的平台间，切换数据文件路径。

remap_achema:导入

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/[email protected] directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_01.dmp schemas= hr

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 00:59:42 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "HR"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  hr/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_01.dmp schemas=

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ impdp test1/[email protected] directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_01.dmp REMAP_SCHEMA=HR:TEST1

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 01:10:11 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "TEST1"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "TEST1"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  test1/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_01.dmp REMAP_SCHEMA=HR:TEST1

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

remap_tablespace导入

通过remap_tablespace来变换表所属表空间：

SQL> select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents ;

SEGMENT_NAME                                                        SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------

REGIONS                                                                   TABLE          EXAMPLE

LOCATIONS                                                               TABLE          EXAMPLE

DEPARTMENTS                                                           TABLE          EXAMPLE

JOBS                                                                         TABLE          EXAMPLE

EMPLOYEES                                                               TABLE          EXAMPLE

JOB_HISTORY                                                            TABLE          EXAMPLE

DEPT                                                                         TABLE          USERS

DROPPED_OBJ                                                           TABLE          USERS

TEST_JOB                                                                  TABLE          USERS

STUDENT                                                                   TABLE          TEST_TRAN_TS

ADDRESS                                                                   TABLE          TEST_TRAN_TS

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp \‘sys/[email protected] as sysdba\‘ directory=test_impdp_expdp dumpfile=exp_04.dmp tablespaces=users--导出表空间

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 01:20:04 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLESPACE_01":  "sys/********@jiagulun AS SYSDBA" directory=test_impdp_expdp dumpfile=exp_02.dmp tablespaces=users

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

SQL> drop table student purge;

Table dropped.--之所以要先删除再导入表是因为在一个数据库中一个用户中的对象是唯一的，所以先删除再导入

SQL> drop table address purge;

Table dropped.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ impdp  \‘sys/[email protected] as sysdba\‘ directory=test_impdp_expdp dumpfile=exp_04.dmp  REMAP_TABLESPACE=test_tran_ts：users--导入表空间到test_tran_ts

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 01:28:45 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  "sys/********@jiagulun AS SYSDBA" directory=test_impdp_expdp dumpfile=exp_02.dmp REMAP_TABLESPACE=users:test_tran_ts

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported "HR"."ADDRESS"                              5.476 KB       2 rows

. . imported "HR"."STUDENT"                              5.937 KB       3 rows

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

SQL> select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents ;

SEGMENT_NAME                                                        SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------

REGIONS                                                                   TABLE          EXAMPLE

LOCATIONS                                                               TABLE          EXAMPLE

DEPARTMENTS                                                           TABLE          EXAMPLE

JOBS                                                                         TABLE          EXAMPLE

EMPLOYEES                                                               TABLE          EXAMPLE

JOB_HISTORY                                                            TABLE          EXAMPLE

STUDENT                                                                   TABLE          USERS

ADDRESS                                                                   TABLE          USERS

为了把用户按表空间归类，需要把用户所有的当前数据转移到另一个表空间里，那么可以使用impdp的remap_tablespace参数。下面就这一内容进行实验。

SQL> select du.username,du.default_tablespace,du.temporary_tablespace  from dba_users du where du.username=‘HR‘;

USERNAME              DEFAULT_TABLESPACE TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------

HR                           USERS                     TEMP2

SQL> select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents  where rownum < 10;

SEGMENT_NAME                                                        SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------

REGIONS                                                                   TABLE          EXAMPLE

LOCATIONS                                                               TABLE          EXAMPLE

DEPARTMENTS                                                           TABLE          EXAMPLE

JOBS                                                                         TABLE          EXAMPLE

EMPLOYEES                                                               TABLE          EXAMPLE

JOB_HISTORY                                                            TABLE          EXAMPLE

STUDENT                                                                   TABLE          USERS

ADDRESS                                                                   TABLE          USERS

DEPT                                                                         TABLE          USERS

9 rows selected

SQL>

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp system/[email protected] directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_03.dmp schemas=hr

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 02:22:28 2015

--导出hr用户对象信息，使用system导出的更加的全

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ impdp system/[email protected] directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_03.dmp remap_tablespace=users:test_tran_ts--导入hr用户中是users表空间的数据到test_tran_ts表空间中

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 05:33:10 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

SQL> select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents  where rownum < 10;

SEGMENT_NAME                                                        SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------

REGIONS                                                                   TABLE          EXAMPLE

LOCATIONS                                                               TABLE          EXAMPLE

DEPARTMENTS                                                           TABLE          EXAMPLE

JOBS                                                                         TABLE          EXAMPLE

EMPLOYEES                                                               TABLE          EXAMPLE

JOB_HISTORY                                                            TABLE          EXAMPLE

STUDENT                                                                   TABLE          USERS

ADDRESS                                                                   TABLE          USERS

DEPT                                                                         TABLE          USERS

9 rows selected

--会发现表所在表空间并没有变化，是因为原来的已经存在不会覆盖

SQL> select du.username,du.default_tablespace,du.temporary_tablespace  from dba_users du where du.username=‘HR‘;

USERNAME              DEFAULT_TABLESPACE TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------

HR                           USERS                     TEMP2

注意：经过导入后，用户test_user的缺省表空间被改成了remap_tablespace的目的表空间， 但是这里没有变化也是因为已经存在了。

把表和用户删除了，就会发现他们的表空间变额

SQL> drop table student;

Table dropped.

SQL> drop table address;

Table dropped.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> purge recyclebin

2  ;

[[email protected] test_impdp_expdp]$ impdp system/[email protected] directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_03.dmp remap_tablespace=users:test_tran_ts

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 05:48:49 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  system/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_03.dmp remap_tablespace=users:test_tran_ts

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

ORA-31684: Object type USER:"HR" already exists--由于存在所以直接跳过

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE

ORA-31684: Object type SEQUENCE:"HR"."EMPLOYEES_SEQ" already exists

ORA-31684: Object type SEQUENCE:"HR"."DEPARTMENTS_SEQ" already exists

ORA-31684: Object type SEQUENCE:"HR"."LOCATIONS_SEQ" already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/CLUSTER/CLUSTER

ORA-31684: Object type CLUSTER:"HR"."CLUSTER1" already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/CLUSTER/INDEX

ORA-39111: Dependent object type INDEX:"HR"."CLUSTER_INDEX" skipped, base object type CLUSTER:"HR"."CLUSTER1" already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."COUNTRIES" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."REGIONS" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."LOCATIONS" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."DEPARTMENTS" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."JOBS" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."EMPLOYEES" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."JOB_HISTORY" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."DEPT" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."DROPPED_OBJ" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table "HR"."TEST_JOB" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported "HR"."ADDRESS"                              5.476 KB       2 rows

. . imported "HR"."STUDENT"                              5.937 KB       3 rows

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

.. . .   . . . . . ..

SQL> select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents ;

SEGMENT_NAME                                                        SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------

STUDENT                                                                   TABLE          TEST_TRAN_TS

ADDRESS                                                                   TABLE          TEST_TRAN_TS

CLUSTER1                                                                 CLUSTER     USERS

--你会发现他们的表空间变化了。

注意：一个用户对象是唯一的，即使在不同的表空间中也是一样的

SQL> create table test1(id number);--默认是使用sys

Table created.

SQL> create table test1(id number) tablespace test_tran_ts;--使用test_tran_ts

create table test1(id number) tablespace test_tran_ts

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00955: name is already used by an existing object

SQL>
时间： 2024-08-05 06:41:40

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