Given an array of size n, find the majority element. The majority element is the element that appears more than ? n/2 ?
times.
You may assume that the array is non-empty and the majority element always exist in the array.
给定一个数组,求其中权制最大的元素,(该元素出现超过了一半次数)。
直观想法,HashMap,很慢
public class Solution { public int majorityElement(int[] nums) { Map map = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>(); int len = nums.length; if (len == 1){ return nums[0]; } for (int num : nums){ if (map.containsKey(num)){ int count = (int) map.get(num); if ((count + 1) > len / 2){ return num; } else { map.put(num, count + 1); } } else { map.put(num, 1); } } return -1; } }
discuss上面看到了这道题非常完善的总结:
1、排序sort
public int majorityElement1(int[] nums) { Arrays.sort(nums); return nums[nums.length/2]; }
2、HashMap
3、Moore’s voting algorithm(最佳算法)
很巧妙,时间O(n) ,空间O(1),就是记录当前元素以及当前元素的“胜出”数量(比其他元素多几个)。
public int majorityElement3(int[] nums) { int count=0, ret = 0; for (int num: nums) { if (count==0) ret = num; if (num!=ret) count--; else count++; } return ret; }
4、位运算 Bit manipulation
通过记录每一位上的数字来得出的结果,相比之下,还是第三种算法更好。
public int majorityElement(int[] nums) { int[] bit = new int[32]; for (int num: nums) for (int i=0; i<32; i++) if ((num>>(31-i) & 1) == 1) bit[i]++; int ret=0; for (int i=0; i<32; i++) { bit[i]=bit[i]>nums.length/2?1:0; ret += bit[i]*(1<<(31-i)); } return ret; }
时间: 2024-10-18 23:46:21