一、概述
keepalived介绍：Keepalived的作用是检测web服务器的状态，如果有一台web服务器死机，或工作出现故障，Keepalived将检测到，并将有故障的web
服务器从系统中剔除，当web服务器工作正常后Keepalived自动将web服务器加入到服务器群中，这些工作全部自动完成，不需要人工干涉，需要人
工做的只是修复故障的web服务器。
二、环境
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vip:192.168.1.203\204
mysql-master:192.168.1.231
mysql-slave:192.168.1.232
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三、keepalived安装
安装步骤两台机mysql-master、mysql-slave一样，如下：
1、下载地址：http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz
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shell>wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz
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2、安装环境
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yum -y install openssl-devel
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否则会报如下错误
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configure: error:
!!! OpenSSL is not properly installed on your system. !!!
!!! Can not include OpenSSL headers files.
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3、安装
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shell>tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz
shell>cd keepalived-1.2.12
shell>./configure --prefix=/opt/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/
shell>make
shell>make install
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说明：
--prefix：安装路径
--with-kernel-dir：这个是重要的参数，这个参数并不表示我们要把Keepalived统进内核，而是指使用内核源码里面的头文件，也就是include目录。
2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64可以通过
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4、配置
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# cp /opt/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
# cp /opt/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
# mkdir /etc/keepalived
# cp /opt/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
# cp /opt/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
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5、启动/停止
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shell>service keepalived start
shell>service keepalived stop
shell>service keepalived restart
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四、keepalived配置
1、mysql-master:192.168.1.231的配置
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shell>vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
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配置如下：
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global_defs {
router_id mysql-master #修改为自己的主机名
notification_email {
mengtao10@163.com #接收邮件，可以有多个，一行一个
}
#当主、备份设备发生改变时，通过邮件通知
notification_email_from lzyangel@126.com
#发送邮箱服务器
smtp_server stmp.163.com
#发送邮箱超时时间
smtp_connect_timeout 30
}
##################第一部分###################
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #都修改成BACKUP
interface
eth0 #绑定的网卡
virtual_router_id 60
#默认51 主从都修改为60
priority 100
#优先级，在mysql-slave上LVS上修改成80
advert_int 1
nopreempt #不抢占资源，意思就是它活了之后也不会再把主抢回来
authentication {
# 认证方式，可以是PASS或AH两种认证方式
auth_type PASS
# 认证密码
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.203
192.168.1.204
#这可以增加多个VIP
}
}
##################第二部分###################
virtual_server 192.168.1.203
3306
{
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.231
3306
{
weight 1
notify_down /root/mysql_down.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
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2、mysql-master:192.168.1.232的配置
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shell>vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
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配置如下：
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global_defs {
router_id mysql-master #修改为自己的主机名
notification_email {
mengtao10@163.com #接收邮件，可以有多个，一行一个
}
#当主、备份设备发生改变时，通过邮件通知
notification_email_from lzyangel@126.com
#发送邮箱服务器
smtp_server stmp.163.com
#发送邮箱超时时间
smtp_connect_timeout 30
}
##################第一部分###################
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #都修改成BACKUP
interface
eth0 #绑定的网卡
virtual_router_id 60
#默认51 主从都修改为60
priority 80
#优先级，在mysql-master上LVS上修改成100
advert_int 1
authentication {
# 认证方式，可以是PASS或AH两种认证方式
auth_type PASS
# 认证密码
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.203
192.168.1.204
#这可以增加多个VIP
}
}
##################第二部分###################
virtual_server 192.168.1.203
3306
{
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.232
3306
{
weight 1
notify_down /root/mysql_down.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
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3、myslq_down.sh配置，两台机都要配置这一步！！！
这里需要注意的是，notify_down
/root/mysql_down.sh这个选项，这个是是在keepalived检测不到mysql的时候要执行的脚本，从上面的配置文件来看real服务器只有本机。那么，keeaplived如果启动，客户端也只是访问本机的mysql。nopreempt这个选下也得注意，这个是不抢占资源在优先级高的机器上配置就可以。
看下这个脚本的内容：
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# vim /root/mysql_down.sh
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
# chmod +x /root/mysql_down.sh #授权可执行权限
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脚本内容就一条命令：pkill
keepalived，主要作用是如果本机的mysql挂掉了，那么同时会杀死本机的keepalived，这样另外一台就会接替他工作，虚拟IP也会被另一台接管，如果不杀死keepalived虚拟IP不会被另一台接管，mysql访问也就不会切换过去。
注意：必须要先启动MYSQL,再启动keepalived，否则keepalived启动后会运行mysql_down.sh脚本，等于自杀。
4、mysql-master(231)启动后查看IP的绑定情况，如下：
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shell> ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436
qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00
brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8
scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128
scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500
qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:cc:92:22
brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.232/24
brd 192.168.1.255
scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.203/32
scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.204/32
scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fecc:9222/64
scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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五、测试
1、231、232两台机同时启动MYSQL及Keepalived.
通过win cmd 命令行的客户端(或程序)连接VIP：192.168.1.203或204，如下：
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C:\Users\Duncan>mysql -h192.168.1.203
-usunney -psunney
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1440
Server version: 5.5.37-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘
or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘
to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sunney |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.04
sec)
mysql>
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注意：这时存储的数据库是mysql-master(192.168.1.231)因为他是主库。配置 priority 100 优先级高。
2、mysql-slave(232)的机同时关闭MYSQL及Keepalived.这时关闭上以上的是一样的。因为他没有走这个库。
3、mysql-master(231)同时关闭MYSQL及Keepalived,mysql-slave(232)同时启动MYSQL及Keepalived
切换很快，大概在2到3秒之间！
通过win cmd 命令行的客户端(或程序)连接VIP：192.168.1.203或204，如下：
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C:\Users\Duncan>mysql -h192.168.1.203
-usunney -psunney
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1440
Server version: 5.5.37-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘
or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘
to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sunney |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.04
sec)
mysql>
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成功！
MYSQL + MHA +keepalive + VIP安装配置(三)--keepalived安装配置,布布扣,bubuko.com
时间： 2024-10-26 03:53:10
