nginx对于静态文件强大的响应能力一定程度上弥补了apache环境的不足,使用nginx做反向代理,一部分为了提高静态文件的相应能力,另外可以使用nginx做负载均衡来搭2至3台的apache服务器,这样在相当长的时间段内解决了初建团队的业务蓬勃发展所遇到的服务器资源问题.
1,安装依赖.
yum -y install wget zip unzip zlib zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel pcre* openssl openssl-devel perl perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed.
2,下载源码包
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.1.tar.gz
3, 解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.6.1/
4,建立必须目录
mkdir /var/tmp/nginx/ /var/log/nginx/ /var/run/nginx/
5,编译安装
./configure --prefix=/usr --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_perl_module --with-ld-opt="-Wl,-E" --with-mail
make && make install
6,为nginx建立用户
/usr/sbin/useradd -c "Nginx user" -s /bin/false -r -d /var/lib/nginx nginx
7,建立启动脚本
vi /etc/init.d/nginx
输入以下内容:
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed ‘s/[^*]*--user=([^ ]*).*/1/g‘ -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep ‘configure arguments:‘`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep ‘.*-temp-path‘` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
8,设置权限
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
9,增加到系统服务
chkconfig --add nginx
以后的操作可以使用centos7的systemctl工具了
systemctl start nginx
systemctl stop nginx
systemctl restart nginx
10,设置nginx和apache的动静分离
编辑apache的配置文件,将Listen改为88端口
vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 在第一个server配置中增加以下行
location / {
root /var/www/html;#apache的网站根目录
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
#将php文件请求分发给后端的apache
location ~ \.php$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:88;
}
#将图像和静态文件由nginx处理
location ~ \.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$ {
root /var/www/html;
expires 15d;
}
#将js文件由nginx处理
location ~ \.(js|css)$ {
expires 1h;
}
11,配置Nginx负载均衡
vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf在http节点里添加:
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
keepalive_timeout 120;
tcp_nodelay on;
upstream server1 {
server 192.168.1.2:80;
server 192.168.1.3:80;
server 192.168.1.4:80;
server 192.168.1.5:80;
}
upstream server2 {
server 192.168.1.7:8080;
server 192.168.1.7:8081;
server 192.168.1.7:8082;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name server1;
location / {
proxy_pass http://www.zyan.cc;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name server2;
location / {
proxy_pass http://blog.zyan.cc;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
另外:如果编译nginx有错误的时候
the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.//安装pcre
the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library//安装zlib
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/pcre/Makefile] Error 127//–with-pcre=DIR指向源码包,而不是安装后包,