有一位小伙伴说让我去A站写博客可能会有很多人喜欢,真是搞不懂,北方哪里有卖萌?北方默认状态就是这么萌的!再者说了,这明明就是很专注于技术的博客嘛,能不能严肃点!知不知道什么叫帧?
学习到了数据库的相关操作,真是B了狗了,这个破玩意真是无孔不入啊,从第一次接触到现在一直都对数据库处于抵抗状态!好讨厌!所以最后决定,只写rabbitmq相关的博客,数据库什么的,拉黑!
总的来说10.1学习计划还是很失败的!docker学习进度超出了预期,openstakc学习进度超出了预期,python学习进度也超出了预期,主要是没有吃好,至出去撸了一次串,不够过瘾!后天就要上班了,连上7天,wtf!只要别叫去另一个工作地点就好,后天解决rancher,大后天解决ceph,周一看看有多少小伙伴跑路.....(第一次遇到跑路比我还积极的,而且一次还碰到一群#24)
专注RabbitMQ(pip install pika)
消息队列服务器,可以对业务进行解耦,实现业务缓解消峰,当然保证业务可靠性也有一些,具体的,去百度吧!开发帖里不写运维
1.基本的使用
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ########################## 消费者 ########################## 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters( 6 host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 7 channel = connection.channel() # 与服务器创建连接 8 9 channel.queue_declare(queue=‘hello‘) # 与hello队列关联 10 11 12 def callback(ch, method, properties, body): 13 print(" [x] Received %r" % body) 14 15 16 channel.basic_consume(callback, 17 queue=‘hello‘, 18 no_ack=True) # 从hello队列里取出一条消息 19 20 channel.start_consuming()
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ######################### 生产者 ######################### 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters( 6 host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 7 channel = connection.channel() # 与服务器创建连接 8 9 channel.queue_declare(queue=‘hello‘) # 与hello队列关联 10 11 channel.basic_publish(exchange=‘‘, # 向hello队列里放入消息‘Hello World!‘ 12 routing_key=‘hello‘, 13 body=‘Hello World!‘) 14 connection.close()
2.在消费者端出现状况时保证消息不丢失,只有收到ack回文后该消息才会被确认消费消除,否则仍然会存在于队列当中,会影响性能,自行取舍
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ########################## 消费者 ########################## 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters( 6 host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 7 channel = connection.channel() 8 9 channel.queue_declare(queue=‘hello‘) 10 11 12 def callback(ch, method, properties, body): 13 print(" [x] Received %r" % body) 14 ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag) # 这里 15 16 channel.basic_consume(callback, 17 queue=‘hello‘, 18 no_ack=False) # 这里 19 20 channel.start_consuming()
3.生产者在产生消息时可决定是否将此消息持久化到磁盘上,可保证消息队列服务器本身出现问题时消息不丢失
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ######################### 生产者 ######################### 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters( 6 host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 7 channel = connection.channel() 8 9 channel.queue_declare(queue=‘hello‘, durable=True) # 这里 10 11 channel.basic_publish(exchange=‘‘, 12 routing_key=‘hello‘, 13 body=‘Hello World!‘, 14 properties = pika.BasicProperties(delivery_mode=2,)) # 这里 15 connection.close()
4.rmq默认是由消费者个数来各自消费自己对应的任务,为防止某任务消费时间过长卡服务
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ########################## 消费者 ########################## 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters( 6 host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 7 channel = connection.channel() 8 9 channel.queue_declare(queue=‘hello‘) 10 11 12 def callback(ch, method, properties, body): 13 print(" [x] Received %r" % body) 14 ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag) 15 16 channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1) # 谁来谁取任务,一个接一个 17 18 channel.basic_consume(callback, 19 queue=‘hello‘, 20 no_ack=False) 21 22 channel.start_consuming()
5.发布订阅(上面的功能也是支持的哦):发布订阅会将收到的任务消息放入所有订阅者,而普通的被消费一次就gg思密达了
此时就要用到exchange功能了,由他来关联对应的队列,关联方式有三种(完全发布fanout,关键字发布direct,模糊匹配关键字发布topic)
完全发布模式
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ########################## 消费者 ########################## 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters( 6 host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 7 channel = connection.channel() 8 9 channel.exchange_declare(exchange=‘logs‘, # exchange的名称 10 type=‘fanout‘) # exchange的类型,完全发布 11 12 result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) 13 queue_name = result.method.queue # 随机生成一个队列名(对于我这种起名困哪户简直是福音...) 14 15 channel.queue_bind(exchange=‘logs‘, 16 queue=queue_name) # 将刚才的队列绑定到exchange中 17 18 19 def callback(ch, method, properties, body): 20 print(" [x] %r" % body) 21 22 channel.basic_consume(callback, 23 queue=queue_name, 24 no_ack=True) 25 26 channel.start_consuming()
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ######################### 生产者 ######################### 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 6 channel = connection.channel() 7 channel.exchange_declare(exchange=‘logs‘, type=‘fanout‘) 8 message = ‘456‘ 9 channel.basic_publish(exchange=‘logs‘, routing_key=‘‘, body=message) # 向exchange里发布消息 10 print(‘[x] send %s‘ % message) 11 connection.close()
关键字模式
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ######################### 消费者 ######################### 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 6 channel = connection.channel() 7 channel.exchange_declare(exchange=‘direct_logs‘, type=‘direct‘) # 关键字模式 8 result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) 9 queue_name = result.method.queue 10 severities = [‘info‘, ‘error‘, ‘warning‘] # 关键字3个 11 12 for severity in severities: 13 channel.queue_bind(exchange=‘direct_logs‘, 14 queue=queue_name, 15 routing_key=severity) 16 17 18 def call_back(ch, method, properties, body): 19 print(" [x] %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body)) 20 21 channel.basic_consume(call_back, 22 queue=queue_name, 23 no_ack=True) 24 25 channel.start_consuming()
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ######################### 消费者 ######################### 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 6 channel = connection.channel() 7 channel.exchange_declare(exchange=‘direct_logs‘, type=‘direct‘) 8 result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) 9 queue_name = result.method.queue 10 severities = [‘error‘] # 关键字1个 11 12 for severity in severities: 13 channel.queue_bind(exchange=‘direct_logs‘, 14 queue=queue_name, 15 routing_key=severity) 16 17 18 def call_back(ch, method, properties, body): 19 print(" [x] %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body)) 20 21 channel.basic_consume(call_back, 22 queue=queue_name, 23 no_ack=True) 24 25 channel.start_consuming()
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # ########################## 生产者 ########################## 3 import pika 4 5 connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host=‘172.16.5.7‘)) 6 channel = connection.channel() 7 8 channel.exchange_declare(exchange=‘direct_logs‘, 9 type=‘direct‘) 10 11 severity = ‘info‘ # 关键字‘info‘只有一个队列收取 12 # severity = ‘error‘ # 关键字‘error‘都收取 13 message = ‘123‘ 14 channel.basic_publish(exchange=‘direct_logs‘, 15 routing_key=severity, 16 body=message) 17 print(" [x] Sent %r:%r" % (severity, message)) 18 connection.close()
模糊匹配模式(我不用....)
# 表示可以匹配 0 个 或 多个 单词
* 表示只能匹配 一个 单词
abc.aaaaa abc.# 不匹配
abc.aaaaa abc.* 匹配
想要吃好吃的食物