经过漫长的等待，终于迎来了selenium 3.0

从selenium 1.0 至今,差不多有十多年的历史。这个月终于迎来了selenium3.0

那么selenium3.0 为我们带来了什么？

看一下changelog怎么写的：

v3.0.0-beta2
============

* maven packaging fixes
* Update GeckoDriver --port argument in all bindings
* System property webdriver.firefox.marionette now forces the server in marionette or legacy firefox driver mode, ignoring any related Desired Capability
* Grid fix NPE‘s on registration when -browser not specified

v3.0.0-beta1
============

IMPORTANT CHANGES

* Minimum java version is now 8+
* The original RC APIs are only available via the leg-rc package.
* To run exported IDE tests, ensure that the leg-rc package is on the
  classpath.
* Support for Firefox is via Mozilla‘s geckodriver. You may download
  this from https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
* Support for Safari is provided on macOS (Sierra or later) via
  Apple‘s own safaridriver.
* Support for Edge is provided by MS:
  https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/
* Official support for IE requires version 9 or above. Earlier
  versions may work, but are no longer supported as MS has
  end-of-lifed them.

Other major changes:

* New html-table runner backed by WebDriver.
* Unused command line arguments are now no longer parsed.

总结一下主要的change 如下：

1. 支持java最低版本1.8

2. 支持FireFox geckodriver （下载地址：
https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases ）类似chrome driver

3. 最低支持IE9

4. 移处旧RC

并无让人心动的变化

Firefox gecko driver:

现在使用Firefox ，如果没有在property设置，将会出现以下Exception

java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.gecko.driver system property; for more information, see https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver. The latest version can be downloaded from https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
    at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState(Preconditions.java:199)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.findExecutable(DriverService.java:109)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService.access$100(GeckoDriverService.java:38)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService$Builder.findDefaultExecutable(GeckoDriverService.java:91)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:296)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.createCommandExecutor(FirefoxDriver.java:245)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:220)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:215)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:211)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:128)
    at com.dbyl.libarary.utils.DriverFactory.getFirefoxDriver(DriverFactory.java:126)
    at com.dbyl.tests.getAlert.FireFoxDriver(getAlert.java:24)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:85)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:648)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:834)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1142)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:124)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:108)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:771)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:621)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:357)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:352)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:310)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:259)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1176)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1101)
    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1009)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:111)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:204)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:175)

这个时候需要如下设置：

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "webDriver//geckodriver.exe");

Dev Tools 简介

1. 使用xpath 定位Web Element

在console 输入：$x("")

2. 使用CSS selector定位web Element

在console 里输入：$("")

3. 执行js

window.alert("")

执行jQuery

window.getComputedStyle(document.getElementById("su"),null).getPropertyValue("background")