JavaScript对象原型
所有JavaScript对象都从原型继承属性和方法。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>js</title>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript 对象</h2>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
function Person(first, last, age, eye) {
this.firstName = first;
this.lastName = last;
this.age = age;
this.eyeColor = eye;
}
var myFather = new Person("John", "Doe", 50, "blue");
var myMother = new Person("Sally", "Rally", 48, "green");
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
"My father is " + myFather.age + ". My mother is " + myMother.age;
</script>
</body>
</html>我们还了解到，您无法向现有对象构造函数添加新属性：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>JavaScript对象</title>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript对象</h2>
<p>您无法向构造函数添加新属性。</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
function Person(first, last, age, eye) {
this.firstName = first;
this.lastName = last;
this.age = age;
this.eyeColor = eye;
}
Person.nationality = "English";
var myFather = new Person("John", "Doe", 50, "blue");
var myMother = new Person("Sally", "Rally", 48, "green");
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
"The nationality of my father is " + myFather.nationality;
</script>
</body>
</html>要向构造函数添加新属性，必须将其添加到构造函数：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>JavaScript对象</title>
<body>
<h2> JavaScript对象</h2>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
function Person(first, last, age, eye) {
this.firstName = first;
this.lastName = last;
this.age = age;
this.eyeColor = eye;
this.nationality = "English";
}
var myFather = new Person("John", "Doe", 50, "blue");
var myMother = new Person("Sally", "Rally", 48, "green");
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
"我父亲的国籍是 " + myFather.nationality + ". 我母亲的国籍是： " + myMother.nationality;
</script>
</body>
</html>-
原型继承
所有JavaScript对象都从原型继承属性和方法：
Object.prototype位于原型继承链的顶部：Date对象，Array对象和Person对象继承自Object.prototype。
- Date 对象继承自 Date.prototype
- Array 对象继承自 Array.prototype
- Person 对象继承自 Person.prototype
向对象添加属性和方法
有时，您希望向给定类型的所有现有对象添加新属性（或方法）。有时您想要向对象构造函数添加新属性（或方法）。
使用原型属性
JavaScript prototype属性允许您向对象构造函数添加新属性：
function Person(first, last, age, eyecolor) {
this.firstName = first;
this.lastName = last;
this.age = age;
this.eyeColor = eyecolor;
}
Person.prototype.nationality = "English";JavaScript prototype属性还允许您向对象构造函数添加新方法：
function Person(first, last, age, eyecolor) {
this.firstName = first;
this.lastName = last;
this.age = age;
this.eyeColor = eyecolor;
}
Person.prototype.name = function() {
return this.firstName + " " + this.lastName;
};原文地址：https://blog.51cto.com/13578973/2421048
时间： 2024-08-07 19:12:08