Your aim
You want to use Linux and OpenSSH to automate your tasks. Therefore you need an automatic login from host A / user a to Host B / user b. You don‘t want to enter any passwords, because you want to call ssh from a within a shell script.
How to do it
First log in on A as user a and generate a pair of authentication keys. Do not enter a passphrase:
[email protected]:~> ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/a/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory ‘/home/a/.ssh‘. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/a/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/a/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 3e:4f:05:79:3a:9f:96:7c:3b:ad:e9:58:37:bc:37:e4 [email protected]
Now use ssh to create a directory ~/.ssh as user b on B. (The directory may already exist, which is fine):
[email protected]:~> ssh [email protected] mkdir -p .ssh [email protected]‘s password:
Finally append a‘s new public key to [email protected]:.ssh/authorized_keys and enter b‘s password one last time:
[email protected]:~> cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh [email protected] ‘cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys‘ [email protected]‘s password:
From now on you can log into B as b from A as a without password:
[email protected]:~> ssh [email protected]
A note from one of our readers: Depending on your version of SSH you might also have to do the following changes:
- Put the public key in .ssh/authorized_keys2
- Change the permissions of .ssh to 700
- Change the permissions of .ssh/authorized_keys2 to 640
时间： 2024-10-06 19:07:04