scrapy爬虫框架(四)
爬取多个网页
思路:通过判断句子控网站中,下一页是否还有a标签来获取网址,拼接后继续爬取,最终写入json文件中。
juziSpider.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from juzi.items import JuziItem
class JuzispiderSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'juziSpider'
allowed_domains = ['www.juzikong.com']
start_urls = ['https://www.juzikong.com/tags/%E5%8F%A5%E5%AD%90%E8%BF%B7?page=1']
base_domain = "https://www.juzikong.com"
def parse(self, response):
juzis = response.xpath('//div[@class="list_1fuFI"]//section')
print (juzis)
print("*" * 50)
for juzi in juzis:
content = juzi.xpath('.//a//span//span//span//text()').getall()
author = juzi.xpath(".//div/span/span/span/span/text()").get()
content="".join(content)#列表转化为字符串
if not author:
author="匿名"
print(author,":",content)
item = JuziItem(author=author,content=content)
yield item
print("*" * 50,)
next_url = response.xpath("//button[@class='btn-next']//a/@href").get()
if not next_url:
return
else:
yield scrapy.Request(self.base_domain+next_url,callback=self.parse)
settings.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Scrapy settings for juzi project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
BOT_NAME = 'juzi'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['juzi.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'juzi.spiders'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'juzi (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'
# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 1
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False
# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
# 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
# 'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}
# Override the default request headers:
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language': 'en',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36'
}
# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'juzi.middlewares.JuziSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'juzi.middlewares.JuziDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
# 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'juzi.pipelines.JuziPipeline': 300,
}
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
pipelines.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
from scrapy.exporters import JsonLinesItemExporter
class JuziPipeline(object):
def __init__(self): # 初始化方法
# 使用二进制来写入,因此“w”-->"wb"
self.fp = open("juzi.json", "wb")
self.exporter = JsonLinesItemExporter(self.fp, ensure_ascii=False, encoding='utf-8')
# self.exporter.start_exporting()
def process_item(self, item, spider):
self.exporter.export_item(item)
return item
def open_spider(self, spider):
print("爬虫开始了!")
def close_spider(self, spider):
# self.exporter.finish_exporting()
self.fp.close()
print("爬虫结束了!")
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/senup/p/12320947.html
时间: 2024-11-05 16:29:35