When given an HttpServletRequest, the ActionMapper may return null if no action invocation request matches, or it may return anActionMapping
that describes an action invocation for the framework to try.

<filter-name>StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-name>

<filter-class>

org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter

</filter-class>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do" />

<package name="default" namespace="/login" extends="struts-default">

<action name="hello">

<result>/hello.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

</struts>

把这个值设置成true意味着Struts.i18n.reload和Struts.configuration.xml.reload都设置成true

<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do" />

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do" />

<include file="struts_part1.xml" />

<package name="default" namespace="/login" extends="struts-default">

<action name="hello">

<result>/hello.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

</struts>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

<package name="part1" namespace="/login" extends="struts-default">

<action name="second">

<result>/hello.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

</struts>

public class LoginAction {

private String username;

private String password;

……

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

return “success”;

} else {

return “input”;

}

}

}

public interface Action {

public static final String SUCCESS = "success";

public static final String NONE = "none";

public static final String ERROR = "error";

public static final String INPUT = "input";

public static final String LOGIN = "login";

public String execute() throws Exception;

}

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action;

public class LoginAction implements Action {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 6376824426094079890L;

private String username;

private String password;

……

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

return SUCCESS;

} else {

return INPUT;

}

}

}

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 6376824426094079890L;

private String username;

private String password;

……

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

return SUCCESS;

} else {

return INPUT;

}

}

}

// application

Map<String, Object> application = ac.getApplication();

application.put("application", "application范围");

ac.setApplication(application);

// session

Map<String, Object> session = ac.getSession();

session.put("session", "session范围");

ac.setSession(session);

// 从request范围内获取属性

ac.get("key");

ac.put("request", "request范围");

<%=session.getAttribute("session")%><br />

<%=request.getAttribute("request ")%><br />

for (Iterator<String> iter = parameters.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {

String key = iter.next();

System.out.println("key=" + key + ", value=" + ((String[]) parameters.get(key))[0]);

}

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;

import org.apache.struts2.util.ServletContextAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginActionWithServlet extends ActionSupport implements ServletContextAware, ServletRequestAware,

      ServletResponseAware {

private HttpServletRequest request;

   private HttpServletResponse response;

   private ServletContext context;

private String username;

private String password;

public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {

      this.request = request;

   }

   public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {

      this.response = response;

   }

   public void setServletContext(ServletContext context) {

      this.context = context;

   }

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

return SUCCESS;

} else {

return INPUT;

}

}

}

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginActionWithServletActionContext extends ActionSupport {

private String username;

private String password;

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

// 获取request

HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();

// 获取response

HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();

// 获取application

ServletContext application = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();

return SUCCESS;

} else {

return INPUT;

}

}

}

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">

<struts>

<package name="struts-default" abstract="true">

<default-class-ref class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport" />

</package>

</struts>

http://127.0.0.1:8888/s2/aa/loginAndReigist

http://127.0.0.1:8888/s2/aa/bb/loginAndReigist

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginAndRegistAction extends ActionSupport {

private String username;

private String password;

/**

* DMI

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public String regist() throws Exception {

System.out.println("恭喜：" + this.getUsername() + " 注册成功！");

return SUCCESS;

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println(this.getUsername() + " 登陆成功！");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

return INPUT;

}

}

}

class="com.csuinfosoft.struts2.action.LoginAndRegistAction">

<result name="success">/hello.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>登陆与注册</title>

<script type="text/javascript">

function regist() {

alert("注册！！！");

var form = document.getElementById("form");

// 使用默认的.do， 且不要用在URL中使用.do

form.action= "<%=path%>" + "/loginAndReigist!regist";

form.submit();

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<form id="form" action="<%=path%>/loginAndReigist.do">

用户名：

<input type="text" name="username" />

<br />

密码：

<input type="password" name="password" />

<br />

<input type="button" value="注册" onclick="regist()" />

<input type="submit" value="登陆" />

<br />

</form>

</body>

</html>

class="com.csuinfosoft.struts2.action.LoginAndRegistAction" method=="login">

<result name="success">/hello.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

class="com.csuinfosoft.struts2.action.LoginAndRegistAction" method=="regist">

<result name="success">/hello.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

private String username;

private String password;

public String login() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println("登陆成功");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("登陆失败");

return INPUT;

}

}

public String regist() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println("註冊成功");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("註冊失败");

return INPUT;

}

}

}

class="com.struts2.action.LoginAndRegistAction" method="{1}">

<result name="success">/hello.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title>

<script type="text/javascript">

function regist() {

var form = document.getElementById("form");

form.action = "<%=path%>/registAction.action";

form.submit();

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<form id="form" action="<%=path%>/loginAction.action" method="post">

用户名：

<input type="text" name="username" value="test" />

<br />

密码：

<input type="password" name="password" value="123456" />

<br />

<input type="submit" value="登陆" />

<input type="button" value="注册" onclick="regist()" />

<br />

</form>

</body>

</html>

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {

private String username;

private String password;

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println("登陆成功......");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("登陆失败......");

return INPUT;

}

}

}

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class RegistAction extends ActionSupport {

private String username;

private String password;

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println("註冊成功......");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("註冊失败......");

return INPUT;

}

}

}

<result name="success">/hello.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title>

<script type="text/javascript">

function regist() {

var form = document.getElementById("form");

form.action = "<%=path%>/RegistAction.action";

form.submit();

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<form id="form" action="<%=path%>/LoginAction.action" method="post">

用户名：

<input type="text" name="username" value="test" />

<br />

密码：

<input type="password" name="password" value="123456" />

<br />

<input type="submit" value="登陆" />

<input type="button" value="注册" onclick="regist()" />

<br />

</form>

</body>

</html>

private String username;

private String password;

public String regist() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println("註冊成功............");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("註冊失败............");

return INPUT;

}

}

}

private String username;

private String password;

public String login() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println("登陆成功............");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("登陆失败............");

return INPUT;

}

}

}

<result name="success">/hello.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()

+ path + "/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title>

<script type="text/javascript">

function regist1() {

var form = document.getElementById("form1");

form.action = "<%=path%>/Regist_regist.action";

form.submit();

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<form id="form1" action="<%=path%>/Login_login.action" method="post">

用户名：

<input type="text" name="username" value="test" />

<br />

密码：

<input type="password" name="password" value="123456" />

<br />

<input type="submit" value="登陆" />

<input type="button" value="注册" onclick="regist1()" />

<br />

</form>

</body>

</html>

<result name="success">/{2}.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

<result>/{1}.jsp</result>

</action>

private String message;

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

System.out.println(this.getClass().getName() + " executing");

this.setMessage(this.getClass().getName() + " executing");

return SUCCESS;

}

}

private String message;

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

System.out.println(this.getClass().getName() + " executing");

this.setMessage(this.getClass().getName() + " executing");

return SUCCESS;

}

}

private String message;

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

System.out.println(this.getClass().getName() + " executing");

this.setMessage(this.getClass().getName() + " executing");

return SUCCESS;

}

}

<action name="exactAction"

class="com.csuinofsoft.priority.ExactAction">

<result>/priority.jsp</result>

</action>

<action name="*Action"

class="com.csuinofsoft.priority.MatchingAction">

<result>/priority.jsp</result>

</action>

<action name="*" class="com.csuinofsoft.priority.AllAction">

<result>/priority.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

<default-action-ref name="defaultAction" />

<action name="defaultAction"

class="com.struts2.action.DefaultAction">

<result>/404.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

</struts>

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class DefaultAction extends ActionSupport {

private String url;

………

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();

String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();

this.setUrl(requestURI + " 找不到！");

System.out.println("默认Action处理");

return SUCCESS;

}

}

class="com.struts2.action.PlainTextAction">

<result name="success" type="plainText">/hello.jsp</result>

</action>

class="com.struts2.action.PlainTextAction">

<result name="success" type="plainText">

<param name="location">/result.jsp</param>

<param name="charSet">UTF-8</param>

</result>

</action>

……

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println("登陆成功............");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("登陆失败............");

return INPUT;

}

}

}

<result name="success" type="redirect">reLogin</result>

</action>

……

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {

System.out.println("登陆成功............");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("登陆失败............");

return INPUT;

}

}

}

class="com.csuinfosoft.struts2.action.LoginAction">

<!-- 使用重定向，并且传递参数 -->

<result type="redirect">

<![CDATA[reLogin.action?userName=${userName}&password=${password}]]>

</result>

</action>

<param name="password">${password}</param>

<result name="success" type="redirectAction">

reLogin

</result>

</action>

<action name="reLogin" class="com.struts2.action.ReLoginAction">

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

<![CDATA[reLogin.action?username=${username}&password=${password}]]>

</result>

<param name="actionName"> reLogin </param>

<param name="username">${username}</param>

<param name="password">${password}</param>

</result>

<action name="login" class="com.struts2.action.LoginAction">

<result name="success" type="redirectAction">

<param name="actionName">reLogin</param>

<param name="namespace">/other</param>

<param name="method">other</param>

</result>

</action>

</package>

<package name="other" namespace="/other" extends="struts-default">

<action name="other" class="com.struts2.action.OtherAction">

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

<result name="success" type="chain">reLogin</result>

</action>

class="com.struts2.action.ReLoginAction">

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

</action>

<result name="success" type="chain">

<param name="actionName">other</param>

      <param name="namespace">/other</param>

      <param name="method">other</param>

</result>

</action>

<action name="other" class="com.struts2.action.OtherAction">

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>

</global-results>

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

import com.struts2.vo.UserVo;

public class LoginAction1

extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<UserVo> {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 632788809727830237L;

//一定要实例化

private UserVo user = new UserVo();

public UserVo getUser() {

return user;

}

public void setUser(UserVo user) {

this.user = user;

}

@Override

public UserVo getModel() {

return user;

}

public String execute() throws Exception {

if ("test".equals(user.getUsername()) && "123456".equals(user.getPassword())) {

System.out.println("使用模型驱动登陆成功............");

return SUCCESS;

} else {

System.out.println("使用模型驱动登陆失败............");

return INPUT;

}

}

}

import java.io.Serializable;

public class UserVo implements Serializable {

private String username;

private String password;

………

}

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class ExceptionAction extends ActionSupport {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 4178837153895695645L;

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

String str = null;

// System.out.println(str.length());

if (str == null) {

throw new MyException("用户自定义异常！！！");

}

return SUCCESS;

}

}

<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>

<result name="error">/exception.jsp</result>

</global-results>

<global-exception-mappings>

   <exception-mapping result="error"

            exception="java.lang.NullPointerException">

   </exception-mapping>

   <exception-mapping result="error"

            exception="com.struts2.exception.MyException">

   </exception-mapping>

</global-exception-mappings>

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>异常处理页面</title>

</head>

<body>

异常信息

<s:property value="exception.message" />

</body>

</html>

class="com.struts2.exception.ExceptionAction">

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

<exception-mapping result="error"

            exception="java.lang.ArithmeticException" />

</action>

age               =<s:property value="age"/><br />

#age              =<s:property value="#age"/><br />

#parameters.age[0]=<s:property value="#parameters.age[0]"/><br />

%{age}            =<s:property value="%{ age }"/><br />

</pre>

<s:if test="age < 18">

小屁孩<br />

</s:if>

<s:elseif test="age >= 18 && age <=50">

成年人<br />

</s:elseif>

<s:else>

老喽！<br />

</s:else>

var="iter">

<s:property value="#st.index" />.<s:property value="iter" />

<br />

<s:property value="#st.count" />.<s:property value="iter" />

<br />

</s:iterator>

<s:if test="#st.first">

<div>第一本</div>

</s:if>

<s:if test="#st.odd">

<div class="odd">

index:<s:property value="#st.index" />

count:<s:property value="#st.count" />

书名：<s:property value="#book.bookName" />

</div>

</s:if>

<s:if test="#st.even">

<div class="even">

index:<s:property value="#st.index" />

count:<s:property value="#st.count" />

书名：<s:property value="#book.bookName" />

</div>

</s:if>

<s:if test="#st.last">

<div>最后一本</div>

</s:if>

</s:iterator>

<div>

<s:property value="#map.key" />=<s:property value="#map.value" />

<br />

</div>

</s:iterator>

default：可选，如果value所指定的值不存在，就显示default属性的值。

escapeHtml：指定是否转义html代码。

escapeCvs：指定是否转义cvs。

escapeJavascript：指定是否转义javascript。

escapeXml：指定是否转义xml。

<s:property value="test" default="null..." />

#request.scope=

<s:property value="#request.scope" />

<br />

#scope=

<s:property value="#scope" />

<hr />

<%=session.getAttribute("sessionScope")%>

<s:param name="username" value="‘test‘" />

<s:param name="password" value="‘password‘" />

</s:bean>

#u.username=<s:property value="#u.username" /><br />

#u.password=<s:property value="#u.password" /><br />

<s:include value="%{#include}" />

<!-- 使用用户名，与密码 -->

<s:param name="username">jiangyang</s:param>

<s:param name="password">123456</s:param>

</s:url>

<s:a href="%{#url}">LOGIN</s:a>

private List<String> list;

private List<String> value;

private Map<Integer, String> map;

private List<Integer> mapValue;

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

list = new ArrayList<String>();

value = new ArrayList<String>();

list.add("语文");

list.add("英语");

list.add("数学");

list.add("音乐");

value.add("语文");

value.add("音乐");

map = new HashMap<Integer, String>();

map.put(1, "语文");

map.put(2, "英语");

map.put(3, "数学");

map.put(4, "音乐");

mapValue = new ArrayList<Integer>();

mapValue.add(1);

mapValue.add(3);

return SUCCESS;

}

}

value="{‘java‘, ‘c‘}"></s:checkboxlist>

<hr />

<s:checkboxlist name="list1" list="list" value="value"></s:checkboxlist>

<hr />

<s:checkboxlist name="map"

list="#{1:‘java‘, 2:‘c‘, 3:‘c++‘, 4:‘.net‘}" listKey="key"

listValue="value" value="{1, 4}"></s:checkboxlist>

<hr />

<s:checkboxlist name="map1" list="map" listKey="key" listValue="value"

value="mapValue"></s:checkboxlist>

private String defaultSex;

sex = new ArrayList<String>();

sex.add("男");

sex.add("女");

sex.add("未知");

defaultSex = "男";

<hr />

<s:radio name="sex2" list="#{0:‘男‘, 1:‘女‘, -1:‘未知‘}" value="-1"

listKey="key" listValue="value"></s:radio>

<hr />

<s:radio name="sex3" list="sex" value="defaultSex"></s:radio>

<hr />

private String defaultProvice;

provice = new ArrayList<String>();

provice.add("湖南");

provice.add("湖北");

provice.add("廣東");

defaultProvice = "湖北";

<hr />

<s:select name="provice2" list="#{‘hn‘:‘湖南‘, ‘hb‘:‘湖北‘, ‘gd‘:‘广东‘}" value="‘hb‘" listKey="key" listValue="value"></s:select>

<hr />

<s:select name="provice3" list="provice" value="defaultProvice"></s:select>

<hr />

<s:textfield name="userName" label="用户名"></s:textfield>

<s:password name="password" label="密码"></s:password>

<s:file name="file" label="头像"></s:file>

<s:textarea name="desc" rows="3" cols="20" label="简介"></s:textarea>

<s:submit value="提交"></s:submit>

<s:reset value="重设"></s:reset>

</s:form>

<s:hidden name="s.id" value="%{ s.id }"></s:hidden>

<s:textfield name="s.name" value="%{ s.name }" label="姓名"></s:textfield>

<s:select name="s.sex" list="{‘男‘, ‘女‘}" value="s.sex" label="性别"></s:select>

<s:textfield name="s.age" value="%{ s.age }" label="年龄"></s:textfield>

<s:textfield name="s.qq" value="%{ s.qq }" label="QQ"></s:textfield>

<s:submit value="修改"></s:submit>

</s:form>

public static void main(String[] args) {

/* 创建一个Person对象 */

Person person = new Person();

person.setName("zhangsan");

try {

/* 从person对象中获取name属性的值 */

Object value = Ognl.getValue("name", person);

System.out.println(value);

} catch (OgnlException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

private String name;

getter(),setter()……

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

/* 创建一个上下文Context对象，它是用保存多个对象一个环境 对象 */

Map<String, Object> context = new HashMap<String, Object>();

Person person1 = new Person();

person1.setName("zhangsan");

Person person2 = new Person();

person2.setName("lisi");

Person person3 = new Person();

person3.setName("wangwu");

/* person4不放入到上下文环境中 */

Person person4 = new Person();

person4.setName("zhaoliu");

/* 将person1、person2、person3添加到环境中（上下文中） */

context.put("person1", person1);

context.put("person2", person2);

context.put("person3", person3);

// context.put("person4", person4);

try {

/* 获取根对象的"name"属性值 */

Object value = Ognl.getValue("name", context, person2);

System.out.println("ognl expression \"name\" evaluation is : " + value);

/* 获取根对象的"name"属性值 */

Object value2 = Ognl.getValue("#person2.name", context, person2);

System.out.println("ognl expression \"#person2.name\" evaluation is : " + value2);

/* 获取person1对象的"name"属性值 */

Object value3 = Ognl.getValue("#person1.name", context, person2);

System.out.println("ognl expression \"#person1.name\" evaluation is : " + value3);

/* 将person4指定为root对象，获取person4对象的"name"属性，注意person4对象不在上下文中 */

Object value4 = Ognl.getValue("name", context, person4);

System.out.println("ognl expression \"name\" evaluation is : " + value4);

/* 将person4指定为root对象，获取person4对象的"name"属性，注意person4对象不在上下文中 */

Object value5 = Ognl.getValue("#person4.name", context, person4);

System.out.println("ognl expression \"person4.name\" evaluation is : " + value5);

} catch (OgnlException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

ognl expression "#person2.name" evaluation is : lisi

ognl expression "#person1.name" evaluation is : zhangsan

ognl expression "name" evaluation is : zhaoliu

ognl.OgnlException: source is null for getProperty(null, "name")

public static void main(String[] args) {

/* OGNL提供的一个上下文类，它实现了Map接口 */

OgnlContext context = new OgnlContext();

Person p1 = new Person();

p1.setName("zhangsan");

Person p2 = new Person();

p2.setName("lisi");

Person p3 = new Person();

p3.setName("wangwu");

context.put("p1", p1);

context.put("p2", p2);

context.put("p3", p3);

context.setRoot(p1);

try {

/* 调用 成员方法 */

Object value = Ognl.getValue("name.length()", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("p1 name length is :" + value);

Object upperCase = Ognl.getValue("#p2.name.toUpperCase()", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("p2 name upperCase is :" + upperCase);

Object invokeWithArgs = Ognl.getValue("name.charAt(5)", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("p1 name.charAt(5) is :" + invokeWithArgs);

/* 调用静态方法 */

Object min = Ognl.getValue("@[email protected](4,10)", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("min(4,10) is :" + min);

/* 调用静态变量 */

Object e = Ognl.getValue("@@E", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("E is :" + e);

} catch (OgnlException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

p2 name upperCase is :LISI

p1 name.charAt(5) is :s

min(4,10) is :4

E is :2.718281828459045

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

OgnlContext context = new OgnlContext();

Classroom classroom = new Classroom();

classroom.getStudents().add("zhangsan");

classroom.getStudents().add("lisi");

classroom.getStudents().add("wangwu");

classroom.getStudents().add("zhaoliu");

classroom.getStudents().add("qianqi");

Student student = new Student();

student.getContactWays().put("homeNumber", "110");

student.getContactWays().put("companyNumber", "119");

student.getContactWays().put("mobilePhone", "112");

context.put("classroom", classroom);

context.put("student", student);

context.setRoot(classroom);

/* 获得classroom的students集合 */

Object collection = Ognl.getValue("students", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("students collection is ：" + collection);

/* 获得classroom的students集合 */

Object firstStudent = Ognl.getValue("students[0]", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("first student is : " + firstStudent);

/* 调用集合的方法 */

Object size = Ognl.getValue("students.size()", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("students collection size is :" + size);

System.out.println("--------------------------飘逸的分割线--------------------------");

Object mapCollection = Ognl.getValue("#student.contactWays", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("mapCollection is :" + mapCollection);

Object firstElement = Ognl.getValue("#student.contactWays[‘homeNumber‘]", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("the first element of contactWays is :" + firstElement);

System.out.println("--------------------------飘逸的分割线--------------------------");

/* 创建集合 */

Object createCollection = Ognl.getValue("{‘aa‘,‘bb‘,‘cc‘,‘dd‘}", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println(createCollection);

/* 创建Map集合 */

Object createMapCollection = Ognl.getValue("#{‘key1‘:‘value1‘,‘key2‘:‘value2‘}", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println(createMapCollection);

}

}

private List<String> students = new ArrayList<String>();

public List<String> getStudents() {

return students;

}

public void setStudents(List<String> students) {

this.students = students;

}

}

private Map<String, Object> contactWays = new HashMap<String, Object>();

public Map<String, Object> getContactWays() {

return contactWays;

}

public void setContactWays(Map<String, Object> contactWays) {

this.contactWays = contactWays;

}

}

first student is : zhangsan

students collection size is :5

--------------------------飘逸的分割线--------------------------

mapCollection is :{homeNumber=110, mobilePhone=112, companyNumber=119}

the first element of contactWays is :110

--------------------------飘逸的分割线--------------------------

[aa, bb, cc, dd]

{key1=value1, key2=value2}

public static void main(String[] args) throws OgnlException {

OgnlContext context = new OgnlContext();

Humen humen = new Humen();

humen.setName("qiuyi");

humen.setSex("n");

humen.setAge(22);

humen.getFriends().add(new Humen("zhangsan", "n", 22));

humen.getFriends().add(new Humen("lisi", "f", 21));

humen.getFriends().add(new Humen("wangwu", "n", 23));

humen.getFriends().add(new Humen("zhaoliu", "n", 22));

humen.getFriends().add(new Humen("qianqi", "n", 22));

humen.getFriends().add(new Humen("sunba", "f", 20));

humen.getFriends().add(new Humen("yangqiu", "f", 25));

context.put("humen", humen);

context.setRoot(humen);

/* OGNL过滤集合的语法为：collection.{? expression} */

Object filterCollection = Ognl.getValue("friends.{? #this.name.length() > 7}", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("filterCollection is :" + filterCollection);

System.out.println("--------------------------飘逸的分割线--------------------------");

/* OGNL投影集合的语法为：collection.{expression} */

Object projectionCollection = Ognl.getValue("friends.{name}", context, context.getRoot());

System.out.println("projectionCollection is :" + projectionCollection);

}

}

private String name;

private String sex;

private int age;

private List<Humen> friends = new ArrayList<Humen>();

public Humen() {

}

public Humen(String name, String sex, int age) {

this.name = name;

this.sex = sex;

this.age = age;

}

………

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Humen [name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + "]";

}

}

--------------------------飘逸的分割线--------------------------

projectionCollection is :[zhangsan, lisi, wangwu, zhaoliu, qianqi, sunba, yangqiu]

注意，parameters本质上是一个使用HttpServletRequest对象中的请求参数构造的Map对象，一量对象被创建(在调用Action实例之前就已经创建好了)，它和HttpServletRequest对象就没有了任何关系。

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()

+ path + "/";

request.setAttribute("user", "this is a user.");

   request.getSession().setAttribute("test", "test session scope.");

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>test ognl</title>

</head>

<body>

<s:property value="#request.user" />

      <br />

      <s:property value="#session.test" />

</body>

</html>

<s:property value="#request[‘userName‘]" />

<s:property value="#parameters[‘userName‘]" />

${ #request[‘userName‘] }

<!-- action里面的属性是可以直接获取，而不用加# -->

<s:property value="userName" />

<br />

userName.charAt(1)=<s:property value="userName.charAt(1)" />

<br />

userName.toUpperCase()=<s:property value="userName.toUpperCase()" />

<br />

userName.toLowerCase()=<s:property value="userName.toLowerCase()" />

<br />

min(4,10)=<s:property value="@[email protected](4,10)" />

<br />

min(4,10)=<s:property value="@@min(4,10)" />

<br />

E=<s:property value="@@E" />

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

public List<Book> findBook() {

List<Book> books;

Session session = null;

Transaction t = null;

try {

session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();

t = session.beginTransaction();

String hql = "from Book as b";

books = session.createQuery(hql).setFirstResult(0).setMaxResults(20).list();

t.commit();

return books;

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

}

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private List<Book> books;

public List<Book> getBooks() {

return books;

}

public void setBooks(List<Book> books) {

this.books = books;

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

BookDao dao = new BookDao();

books = dao.findBook();

return SUCCESS;

}

}

<s:property value="#book.bookName" />

<s:property value="#book.bookPrice" />

<br />

</s:iterator>

<s:iterator value="books.{?#this.bookPrice>20}">

<s:property value="bookName" />

<s:property value="bookPrice" />

<br />

</s:iterator>

import java.util.Locale;

public class TestLocale {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Locale[] locales = Locale.getAvailableLocales();

for (Locale l : locales) {

System.out.println(l.getLanguage() + ", " + l.getCountry());

}

}

}

import java.util.Locale;

import java.util.ResourceBundle;

public class TestI18n {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ResourceBundle rbChina = ResourceBundle.getBundle("i18n", Locale.CHINA);

String resultChina = rbChina.getString("msg.welcome");

String result1 = MessageFormat.format(resultChina, new Object[] { "测试" });

System.out.println(result1);

ResourceBundle rbUs = ResourceBundle.getBundle("i18n", Locale.US);

String resultUs = rbUs.getString("msg.welcome");

String result2= MessageFormat.format(resultUs, new Object[] { "test" });

System.out.println(result2);

}

}

username=\u7528\u6237\u540D

reg=\u6CE8\u518C

username=Username

reg=Register

password=password

login=login

welcome=welcome {0}

password=\u5BC6\u7801

login=\u767B\u9646

welcome=\u6B22\u8FCE {0}

<table>

<tr>

<s:textfield name="username" key="username" value="test" />

</tr>

<tr>

<s:textfield name="password" key="password" value="123456" />

</tr>

<tr>

<s:submit key="login" />

</tr>

</table>

</s:form>

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title></title>

</head>

<body>

<s:text name="welcome">

<s:param>${username}</s:param>

</s:text>

</body>

</html>

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

import com.struts2.vo.PointVo;

public class PointAction extends ActionSupport {

private static final long serialVersionUID = -2400620549484987525L;

private PointVo point;

public PointVo getPoint() {

return point;

}

public void setPoint(PointVo point) {

this.point = point;

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

System.out.print(">>>>>>>>>" + this.getPoint().toString());

return SUCCESS;

}

}

import java.io.Serializable;

/**

* 坐标类

* @author sinoyang

*/

public class PointVo implements Serializable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = -6501123839564353734L;

private int x;

private int y;

………

public String toString() {

return "x=" + this.getX() + ", y=" + this.getY();

}

}

value

import java.util.Map;

import ognl.DefaultTypeConverter;

import com.struts2.vo.PointVo;

/**

* 坐标转换类

* @author sinoyang

*/

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

public class PointConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {

/**

* @param context 上下文对象

* @param value 要转换的值，是一个数组

* @param toType 转换后的对象

*/

@Override

public Object convertValue(Map context, Object value, Class toType) {

// 从客户端到string到PointVo的转换

if (PointVo.class == toType) {

PointVo vo = new PointVo();

// 转换成字符串数组，可能有多個同名的，所以是數組

String str[] = (String[]) value;

if (str != null && str.length > 0) {

// 取数组第一个值，按照逗号分隔

String params[] = str[0].split(",");

if (params != null && params.length > 1) {

int x = Integer.parseInt(params[0].trim());

int y = Integer.parseInt(params[1].trim());

vo.setX(x);

vo.setY(y);

}

}

return vo;

}

// 从PointVo到String的转换

if (String.class == toType) {

PointVo vo = (PointVo) value;

return "[x=" + vo.getX() + ", y=" + vo.getY() + "]";

}

return null;

}

<s:textfield name="test" label="test" value="test"></s:textfield>

<s:textfield name="point" label="坐标" value="10,10"></s:textfield>

<s:submit value="提交"></s:submit>

</s:form>

public Object convertValue(Map context, Object o, Class toClass) {

if (toClass.equals(String.class)) {

return convertToString(context, o);

} else if (o instanceof String[]) {

return convertFromString(context, (String[]) o, toClass);

} else if (o instanceof String) {

return convertFromString(context, new String[]{(String) o}, toClass);

} else {

return performFallbackConversion(context, o, toClass);

}

}

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.struts2.util.StrutsTypeConverter;

import com.struts2.vo.PointVo;

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

public class PointConverter1 extends StrutsTypeConverter {

@Override

public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] value, Class toType) {

PointVo p = new PointVo();

if (value != null && value.length > 0) {

// 取数组第一个值，按照逗号分隔

String params[] = value[0].split(",");

if (params != null && params.length > 1) {

int x = Integer.parseInt(params[0].trim());

int y = Integer.parseInt(params[1].trim());

p.setX(x);

p.setY(y);

}

}

return p;

}

@Override

public String convertToString(Map context, Object value) {

PointVo vo = (PointVo) value;

return "[x=" + vo.getX() + ", y=" + vo.getY() + "]";

}

}

com.struts2.vo.PointVo=com.struts2.converter.PointConverter1

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiangyang"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "Jiangyang"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiang_yang"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiang_yang88"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "aaaaa"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "aaaaaaaaaaaaa"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "111111111"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "_111111111"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiangyang000000"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiangyang"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "JIANGYANG"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiang_yang"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiang.yang"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "[email protected]"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiang_yang88"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "666666"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "jiang yang"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "21"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "100"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "+23"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "1000"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "-1"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "15664306011"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "1566430601"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "186643060110"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "[email protected]"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "@xx.xx"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "xx.xx"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "[email protected]"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "[email protected]"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "20"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "20.12"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "20.0"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "20.012"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "+20"));

Assert.assertEquals(true, Pattern.matches(regex, "汉字"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "1111"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "dsfdsafad"));

Assert.assertEquals(false, Pattern.matches(regex, "[email protected]#$%^&*()_+<>?:\"{}|,./;‘[]\‘"));

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class RegistAction extends ActionSupport {

private static final long serialVersionUID = -7689263209084049054L;

private String username;

private String password;

private String repassword;

private int age;

private String sex;

private Date birthday;

……

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

System.out.println("注册成功............");

return SUCCESS;

}

}

public void validate() {

}

if (!Pattern.matches(userNameRegex, this.getUser().getUsername().trim())) {

logger.error("用户名非法！");

// 调用字段校验出错方法，保存错误信息，用于在页面显示。

addFieldError("username", "用户名非法！");

}

if (!Pattern.matches(pwdRegex, this.getUser().getPassword().trim())) {

logger.error("密码非法！");

addFieldError("password", "密码非法！");

}

logger.error("确认密码非法！");

addFieldError("repassword", "确认密码非法！");

}

logger.error("两次密码不一致！");

addFieldError("password", "两次密码不一致！");

}

if (!Pattern.matches(ageRegex,

String.valueOf(this.getUser().getAge()))) {

logger.error("年龄非法！");

addFieldError("age", "年龄非法！");

}

if (!Pattern.matches(emailRegex, this.getUser().getEmail().trim())) {

logger.error("邮箱非法！");

addFieldError("email", "邮箱非法！");

}

if (!Pattern.matches(telRegex, this.getUser().getTelephone().trim())) {

logger.error("电话非法！");

addFieldError("telephone", "电话非法！");

}

Calendar calendar1 = Calendar.getInstance();

calendar1.setTime(this.getUser().getBirthday());

Calendar calendar2 = Calendar.getInstance();

calendar2.setTime(this.getUser().getGraduation());

if (!calendar1.before(calendar2)) {

this.addFieldError("birthday", "birthday must before graduation!");

}

}

<center>

<s:fielderror></s:fielderror>

</center>

<table align="center" width="40%" border="1">

<tr>

<td>用户名:</td>

<td>

<input type="text" name="username"

value="${requestScope.username}" />

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

密码:

</td>

<td>

<input type="password" name="password" />

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

重复密码:

</td>

<td>

<input type="password" name="repassword" />

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

性别:

</td>

<td>

<input type="text" name="sex" value="${requestScope.sex}" />

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

年龄:

</td>

<td>

<input type="text" name="age" value="${requestScope.age}" />

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

生日:

</td>

<td>

<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1985-03-13" />

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

<input type="submit" value="注册" />

</td>

<td>

<input type="reset" value="重置" />

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

<s:textfield name="username" label="用户名"></s:textfield>

<s:password name="password" label="密码"></s:password>

<s:password name="repassword" label="重复密码"></s:password>

<s:textfield name="sex" label="性别"></s:textfield>

<s:textfield name="age" label="年龄"></s:textfield>

<s:textfield name="birthday" label="生日"></s:textfield>

<s:submit value="注册"></s:submit>

</s:form>

<field-validator type="required">

<message key="birthday.required" />

</field-validator>

<message key="sex.required" />

</field-validator>

<param name="min">0</param>

<param name="max">150</param>

<message key="age.range.invalid" />

</field-validator>

<param name="min">1900-01-01</param>

<param name="max">2013-05-31</param>

<message key="birthday.range.invalid" />

</field-validator>

<param name="minLength">6</param>

<param name="maxLength">12</param>

<message>用户名的长度应该在${minLength}到${maxLength}之间！</message>

</field-validator>

<message key="age.invalid" />

</field-validator>

<field-validator type="requiredstring">

<message key="email.required" />

</field-validator>

<field-validator type="email">

<message key="email.invalid" />

</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="website">

<field-validator type="requiredstring">

<message key="website.required" />

</field-validator>

<field-validator type="url">

<message key="website.invalid" />

</field-validator>

</field>

<field-validator type="fieldexpression">

<param name="expression">password.equals(repassword)</param>

<message key="password.not.same" />

</field-validator>

<field-validator type="regex">

<param name="expression"><![CDATA[^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9]{5,11}$]]></param>

<message key="username.invalid" />

</field-validator>

<!-- 用户名必填 -->

<field-validator type="requiredstring">

<param name="trim">true</param>

<message>用户名必须！</message>

</field-validator>

<!-- 用户名长度控制 -->

<field-validator type="stringlength">

<param name="minLength">6</param>

<param name="maxLength">12</param>

<message>用户名长度必须在 ${minLength}， ${maxLength}之间！</message>

</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="user.password">

<!-- 用户名必填 -->

<field-validator type="requiredstring">

<param name="trim">true</param>

<message>密码必须！</message>

</field-validator>

<!-- 用户名长度控制 -->

<field-validator type="stringlength">

<param name="minLength">6</param>

<param name="maxLength">12</param>

<message>密码长度必须在 ${minLength}， ${maxLength}之间！</message>

</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="user.repassword">

<!-- 确认密码必填 -->

<field-validator type="requiredstring">

<param name="trim">true</param>

<message>确认密码必须！</message>

</field-validator>

<!-- 确认密码长度控制 -->

<field-validator type="stringlength">

<param name="minLength">6</param>

<param name="maxLength">12</param>

<message>确认密码长度必须在 ${minLength}， ${maxLength}之间！</message>

</field-validator>

<!-- 校验密码与确认密码是否一致 -->

<field-validator type="fieldexpression">

<param name="expression">user.password.equals(user.repassword)</param>

<message>输入的密码不一致</message>

</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="user.age">

<field-validator type="required">

<message>年龄必须！</message>

</field-validator>

<field-validator type="conversion">

<param name="repopulateField">true</param>

<message>输入的不是年龄！</message>

</field-validator>

<field-validator type="int">

<param name="min">0</param>

<param name="max">150</param>

<message>年龄 必须在 ${ min }， ${ max }之间！</message>

</field-validator>

</field>

<field-validator type="email">

<message>输入的不是邮箱地址</message>

</field-validator>

</field>

<field-validator type="regex">

<param name="expression"><![CDATA[^1\\d{10}$]]></param>

<message>输入的电话有问题</message>

</field-validator>

</field>

# All rights reserved.

xwork.error.action.execution=Error during Action invocation

xwork.exception.missing-action=There is no Action mapped for action name {0}.

xwork.exception.missing-package-action=There is no Action mapped for namespace {0} and action name {1}.

xwork.default.invalid.fieldvalue=Invalid field value for field "{0}".

public void destroy() {

System.out.println("destory()......");

}

public void init() {

System.out.println("init()......");

}

public String intercept(ActionInvocation ai) throws Exception {

System.out.println("MyInterceptor.intercept() begin......");

String result = ai.invoke();

System.out.println("MyInterceptor.intercept() end......");

return result;

}

}

<interceptors>

<interceptor name="myInterceptor"

class="com.struts2.interceptor.MyInterceptor" />

</interceptors>

<action name="login" class="com.struts2.action.LoginAction">

<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor" />

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />

</action>

</package>

<param name="test">value1</param>

</interceptor>

<param name="test">value2</param>

</interceptor-ref>

<interceptor name="myInterceptor"

class="com.struts2.interceptor.MyInterceptor">

<param name="test">value1</param>

</interceptor>

<interceptor-stack name="myStack">

<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor" />

<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />

</interceptor-stack>

</interceptors>

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

<interceptor-ref name="myStack" />

</action>

public void init() {

}

public void destroy() {

}

public abstract String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception;

}

@Override

public String intercept(ActionInvocation ai) throws Exception {

Object action = ai.getAction();

System.out.println("action=" + action.getClass().getName());

System.out.println("MyInterceptor1.intercept() begin......");

String result = ai.invoke();

System.out.println("result=" + result);

System.out.println("MyInterceptor1.intercept() end......");

return result;

}

}

<interceptor name="myInterceptor"

class="com.struts2.interceptor.MyInterceptor">

<param name="test">value1</param>

</interceptor>

<interceptor name="myInterceptor1"

class="com.struts2.interceptor.MyInterceptor1" />

<interceptor-stack name="myStack">

<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor" />

<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor1" />

<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />

</interceptor-stack>

</interceptors>

private static final long serialVersionUID = 7051308334327505628L;

@Override

protected String doIntercept(ActionInvocation ai) throws Exception {

System.out.println("MethodInterceptor.doIntercept() begin......");

String result = ai.invoke();

System.out.println("result=" + result);

System.out.println("MethodInterceptor.doIntercept() end......");

return result;

}

}

<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor">

<param name="test">value</param>

</interceptor-ref>

<!-- 把系统默认的拦截器栈加进来 -->

<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>

<!-- 把第二个拦截器加进来 -->

<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor1"></interceptor-ref>

<!-- 把拦截方法的拦截器加进来 -->

<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor2">

<param name="includeMethods">execute</param>

<!-- 这里指定要拦截额方法 -->

<param name="excludeMethods">login</param>

<!-- 指定不拦截的方法 -->

</interceptor-ref>

</interceptor-stack>

<!-- s:token用来防止表单的重复提交。 -->

<s:token></s:token>

<s:textfield name="username" value="test" label="用户名"></s:textfield>

<s:password name="password" value="123456" label="密码"></s:password>

<s:submit value="提交"></s:submit>

</s:form>

class="com.csuinfosoft.struts2.action.LoginAction">

<!-- 防止表单重复提交的拦截器 -->

<interceptor-ref name="token"></interceptor-ref>

   <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>

<result>/results.jsp</result>

<result name="invalid.token">/token.jsp</result>

</action>

@Override

public String intercept(ActionInvocation ai) throws Exception {

// 去session里面获取用户名

ActionContext ac = ai.getInvocationContext();

      Map<String, Object> session = ac.getSession();

      String name = (String) session.get("name");

      String result = null;

      if (name != null) {

         logger.trace("可以正常访问！");

         result = ai.invoke();

      } else {

         // 没有权限访问

         logger.error("没有权限访问!");

         result = "input";

      }

return result;

}

}

<interceptor name="authorityInterceptor"

class="com.csuinfosoft.struts2.interceptor.AuthorityInterceptor" />

<interceptor-stack name="myStack">

<interceptor-ref name="authorityInterceptor" />      <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />

</interceptor-stack>

</interceptors>

<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>

</global-results>

class="com.csuinfosoft.struts2.action.StudentAction" method="add">

<result name="success" type="redirectAction">

queryAllStudent

</result>

<interceptor-ref name="myStack"></interceptor-ref>

</action>

<constant name="struts.multipart.saveDir" value="D:\temp" />

<constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="5097152" />

<s:textfield name="title" label="标题" />

<s:file name="file" label="选择图片" />

<s:submit value="上传" />

</s:form>

// 普通字段

   private String title;

   // 上传文件字段

   private File file;

   // 文件的类型

   private String fileContentType;

   // 文件的名称

   private String fileFileName;

   // 上传文件的保存路径

   private String savePath;

public String getSavePath() {

return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/" + savePath);

}

public void setSavePath(String savePath) {

this.savePath = savePath;

}

public String getTitle() {

return title;

}

public void setTitle(String title) {

this.title = title;

}

public File getFile() {

return file;

}

public void setFile(File file) {

this.file = file;

}

public String getFileContentType() {

return fileContentType;

}

public void setFileContentType(String fileContentType) {

this.fileContentType = fileContentType;

}

public String getFileFileName() {

return fileFileName;

}

public void setFileFileName(String fileFileName) {

this.fileFileName = fileFileName;

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

if (!new File(this.getSavePath()).exists()) {

System.out.println(this.getSavePath() + "不存在！先创建。");

new File(this.getSavePath()).mkdirs();

}

String outputPath = this.getSavePath() + File.separator + this.getFileFileName();

//     System.out.println("outputPath=" + outputPath);

//     System.out.println("fileContentType=" + fileContentType);

//     System.out.println("fileFileName=" + fileFileName);

//     OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(outputPath);

//     InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);

//     byte buffer[] = new byte[1024];

//     int len = 0;

//     while ((len = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {

//         os.write(buffer, 0, len);

//     }

//     os.close();

//     is.close();

FileUtils.copyFile(file, new File(outputPath));

return SUCCESS;

}

}

上传成功！<br />

<img src="<s:property value="‘upload/‘ + fileFileName"/>" />

<img src="upload/<s:property value="fileFileName"/>" />

</body>

<!-- 上传后的路径 -->

<param name="savePath">/upload</param>

<!-- 配置允许上传的文件类型 -->

<param name="allowTypes">

image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg

</param>

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

private String allowTypes;

/**

* 过滤类型

* @param types

* @return

*/

public String filterTypes(String types[]) {

// 获取上传的文件类型

String fileType = this.getFileContentType();

for (String type : types) {

if (type.equals(fileType)) {

return null;

}

}

return ERROR;

}

@Override

public void validate() {

String filterResult = filterTypes(getAllowTypes().split(","));

if (filterResult != null) {

this.addFieldError("file", "上传文件类型不支持！");

}

}

private String title;

// 上传的文件字段

private File file;

private String fileContentType;

private String fileFileName;

private String savePath;

……

public String getSavePath() {

return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");

}

public void setSavePath(String savePath) {

this.savePath = savePath;

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

logger.info("savePath={}", this.getSavePath());

logger.info("fileFileName={}", fileFileName);

logger.info("fileContentType={}", fileContentType);

String outputPath = this.getSavePath() + File.separator + fileFileName;

logger.info("outputPath={}", outputPath);

// 判断上传目录是否存在

if (!new File(this.getSavePath()).exists()) {

logger.info("outputPath {}不存在，创建", outputPath);

new File(this.getSavePath()).mkdirs();

}

InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);

OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(outputPath);

byte buffer[] = new byte[1024];

int len = 0;

while ((len = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {

os.write(buffer, 0, len);

}

os.close();

is.close();

return SUCCESS;

}

}

File outputFile = new File(outputPath);

FileUtils.copyFile(file, outputFile);

class="com.struts2.action.UploadAction1">

<param name="savePath">/upload</param>

<interceptor-ref name="fileUpload">

<!-- 单个上传文件的最大字节数 -->

<param name="maximumSize">1048576</param>

<!-- 配置允许上传的文件类型 -->

<param name="allowedTypes">

image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg,image/bmp

</param>

</interceptor-ref>

<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>

<result name="success">/result.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

enctype="multipart/form-data">

<s:textfield name="title" label="标题" />

<s:file name="file" label="头像" />

<s:submit value="提交" />

</s:form>

private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UploadAction2.class);

private String title;

private List<File> file;

private List<String> fileContentType;

private List<String> fileFileName;

private String savePath;

……

public String getSavePath() {

return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/" + savePath);

}

public void setSavePath(String savePath) {

this.savePath = savePath;

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

for (int i = 0; i < file.size(); i++) {

logger.info("savePath={}", this.getSavePath());

logger.info("fileFileName={}", fileFileName.get(i));

logger.info("fileContentType={}", fileContentType.get(i));

String outputPath = this.getSavePath() + File.separator + fileFileName.get(i);

logger.info("outputPath={}", outputPath);

// 判断上传目录是否存在

if (!new File(this.getSavePath()).exists()) {

logger.info("outputPath {}不存在，创建", outputPath);

new File(this.getSavePath()).mkdirs();

}

// 构造目标文件

File outputFile = new File(outputPath);

FileUtils.copyFile(file.get(i), outputFile);

}

return SUCCESS;

}

}

class="com.struts2.action.UploadAction2">

<param name="savePath">/upload</param>

<interceptor-ref name="fileUpload">

<!-- 单个上传文件的最大字节数 -->

<param name="maximumSize">1048576</param>

<!-- 配置允许上传的文件类型 -->

<param name="allowedTypes">

image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg,image/bmp

</param>

</interceptor-ref>

<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>

<result name="success">/results.jsp</result>

<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<title></title>

<script type="text/javascript">

function addMore(){

var more = document.getElementById("more");

var br = document.createElement("br");

var file = document.createElement("input");

var button = document.createElement("input");

file.type = "file";

file.name = "file";

button.type = "button";

button.value = "删除...";

button.onclick = function(){

//alert("remove");

more.removeChild(br);

more.removeChild(file);

more.removeChild(button);

}

more.appendChild(br);

more.appendChild(file);

more.appendChild(button);

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<form action="upload2.action" method="post"

enctype="multipart/form-data">

<table width="50%" border="0">

<tr>

<td>title:</td>

<td><input type="text" name="title" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>file:</td>

<td id="more">

<input type="file" name="file" />

<input type="button" value="更多..." onclick="addMore()" />

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input type="submit" value="提交" /></td>

<td><input type="reset" value="重置" /></td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()

+ path + "/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>上传结果页面</title>

</head>

<body>

<s:iterator value="fileFileName">

<img src="upload/<s:property/>" />

<hr />

</s:iterator>

<br />

</body>

</html>

struts.messages.error.file.too.large=

struts.messages.error.content.type.not.allowed =

public InputStream getDownloadFile() {

return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/upload/404.jpg");

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

logger.info("DownloadAction......");

return SUCCESS;

}

}

class="com.struts2.action.DownloadAction">

<result name="success" type="stream">

<param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param>

<param name="contentDisposition">

         attachment;fileName=test.jpg

      </param>

<param name="inputName">downloadFile</param>

      <param name="bufferSize">4096</param>

</result>

</action>

logger.info("queryBooks()........");

List<BookVo> books = null;

Session session = null;

Transaction t = null;

try {

session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();

t = session.beginTransaction();

String hql = "from BookVo as b";

books = session.createQuery(hql).setFirstResult(0).setMaxResults(100).list();

t.commit();

} catch (HibernateException e) {

throw e;

} finally {

if (session != null && session.isOpen()) {

HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();

}

}

return books;

}

// 下载文件的名称

private String downloadFileName;

public String getDownloadFileName() {

return downloadFileName;

}

public void setDownloadFileName(String downloadFileName) {

this.downloadFileName = downloadFileName;

}

public InputStream getDownloadFile() {

logger.info("getDownloadFile()......");

return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(

"/download" + File.separator + downloadFileName);

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

logger.info("execute()......");

// 设置下载文件文件名：文件名规则是 时间戳.txt

String fileName = new Date().getTime() + ".txt";

this.setDownloadFileName(fileName);

BookService service = new BookService();

service.getBooks(fileName);

return SUCCESS;

}

}

logger.info("getBooks()......");

// 从DAO获取数据

BookDao dao = new BookDao();

List<BookVo> books = dao.queryBooks();

// 确定下载目录是否存在

String downloadDir = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/download");

logger.info("downloadDir={}", downloadDir);

if (!new File(downloadDir).exists()) {

logger.error("downloadDir {} is not exist", downloadDir);

new File(downloadDir).mkdirs();

}

String filePath = downloadDir + File.separator + downlaodFileName;

logger.info("下载文件路径={}", filePath);

File file = new File(filePath);

try {

// 写成TXT文件

FileUtils.writeLines(file, "UTF-8", books);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

class="com.struts2.action.DownloadAction1">

<result name="success" type="stream">

<param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param>

<param name="contentDisposition">

attachment;fileName=${ downloadFileName }

</param>

<param name="inputName">downloadFile</param>

<param name="bufferSize">4096</param>

</result>

</action>

<user>

<id>1</id>

<name>zhansan</name>

<sex>male</sex>

</user>

<user>

<id>2</id>

<name>lisi</name>

<sex>femle</sex>

</user>

</users>

<result-types>

<result-type name="json" class="org.apache.struts2.json.JSONResult"/>

</result-types>

<interceptors>

<interceptor name="json" class="org.apache.struts2.json.JSONInterceptor"/>

</interceptors>

</package>

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>解析STRUTS2对JSON的支持</title>

<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page" />

<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/jquery-1.7.2.min.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">

$(function(){

            $("#people").change(function(){

                var people = this.value.trim();

                $.ajax({

                   type : "POST",

                   url : "json.action",

                   data : "people=" + people,

                   dataType : "json",

                   success : function(data) {

                      alert(data);

                   },

                   success : function(data) {

                      alert(data)

                   }

                });

            });

         });

</script>

</head>

<body>

<s:select id="people" name="people" list="#{‘zs‘ : ‘张三‘, ‘ls‘ : ‘李四‘}"

         value="‘zs‘"></s:select>

</body>

</html>

private String people;

private String name;

private String sex;

private int age;

setter,getter……

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

return SUCCESS;

}

}

<action name="json" class="com.struts2.action.JsonAction">

<result type="json"></result>

</action>

</package>

logger.info("execute()......");

if ("zs".equals(this.getPeople())) {

this.setName("张三");

this.setAge(22);

this.setSex("男");

} else if ("ls".equals(this.getPeople())) {

this.setName("李四");

this.setAge(21);

this.setSex("女");

}

return SUCCESS;

}

{"age":21,"name":"李四","people":"ls","sex":"女"}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

{"age":22,"realName":"张三","people":"zs","sex":"男"}

public String getPeople() {

return people;

}

public Date getDate() {

return date;

}

{"age":22,"date":"2013年11月02日","realName":"张三","sex":"男"}

<result type="json">

<param name="excludeProperties">date,people</param>

</result>

</action>

{"age":21,"realName":"李四","sex":"女"}

<result type="json">

<param name="excludeProperties">date</param>

    <param name="includeProperties">date,sex,realName,age</param>

</result>

{"age":21,"realName":"李四","sex":"女"}

public class People implements Serializable {

    private int id;

private String name;

getter(),setter()……

}

private People p = new People();

{

    "age": 21,

    "date": "2013年11月02日",

    "realName": "李四",

    "p": {

        "id": 0,

        "name": null

    },

    "people": "ls",

    "sex": "女"

}

<result type="json">

    <param name="root">p</param>

</result>

{"id":0,"name":null}

<param name="ignoreHierarchy">false</param>

{

    "actionErrors": [],

    "actionMessages": [],

    "age": 21,

    "date": "2013年11月02日",

    "errorMessages": [],

    "errors": {},

    "fieldErrors": {},

    "locale": "zh_CN",

    "realName": "李四",

    "p": {

        "id": 0,

        "name": null

    },

    "people": "ls",

    "sex": "女",

    "texts": null

}

<param name="excludeNullProperties">true</param>

{

    "actionErrors": [],

    "actionMessages": [],

    "age": 22,

    "date": "2013年11月02日",

    "errorMessages": [],

    "errors": {},

    "fieldErrors": {},

    "locale": "zh_CN",

    "realName": "张三",

    "p": {

        "id": 0

    },

    "people": "zs",

    "sex": "男"

}