Python中的基础数据类型

Python中基础数据类型

1、数字

a=12或者a=int(2),本质上各种数据类型都可看成是类,声明一个变量时候则是在实例化一个类。

具备的功能:

class int(object):
    """
    int(x=0) -> int or long
    int(x, base=10) -> int or long

    Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
    are given.  If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.
    If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.

    If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or
    Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base.  The
    literal can be preceded by ‘+‘ or ‘-‘ and be surrounded by whitespace.
    The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.  Base 0 means to
    interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
    >>> int(‘0b100‘, base=0)
    """
    def bit_length(self):
        """ 返回表示该数字的时占用的最少位数 """
        """
        int.bit_length() -> int

        Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
        >>> bin(37)
        ‘0b100101‘
        >>> (37).bit_length()
        """
        return 0

    def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ 返回该复数的共轭复数 """
        """ Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. """
        pass

    def __abs__(self):
        """ 返回绝对值 """
        """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """
        pass

    def __add__(self, y):
        """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
        pass

    def __and__(self, y):
        """ x.__and__(y) <==> x&y """
        pass

    def __cmp__(self, y):
        """ 比较两个数大小 """
        """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """
        pass

    def __coerce__(self, y):
        """ 强制生成一个元组 """
        """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """
        pass

    def __divmod__(self, y):
        """ 相除,得到商和余数组成的元组 """
        """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """
        pass

    def __div__(self, y):
        """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """
        pass

    def __float__(self):
        """ 转换为浮点类型 """
        """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """
        pass

    def __floordiv__(self, y):
        """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """
        pass

    def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def __getattribute__(self, name):
        """ x.__getattribute__(‘name‘) <==> x.name """
        pass

    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ 内部调用 __new__方法或创建对象时传入参数使用 """
        pass

    def __hash__(self):
        """如果对象object为哈希表类型,返回对象object的哈希值。哈希值为整数。在字典查找中,哈希值用于快速比较字典的键。两个数值如果相等,则哈希值也相等。"""
        """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
        pass

    def __hex__(self):
        """ 返回当前数的 十六进制 表示 """
        """ x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) """
        pass

    def __index__(self):
        """ 用于切片,数字无意义 """
        """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] """
        pass

    def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__
        """ 构造方法,执行 x = 123 或 x = int(10) 时,自动调用,暂时忽略 """
        """
        int(x=0) -> int or long
        int(x, base=10) -> int or long

        Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
        are given.  If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.
        If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.

        If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or
        Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base.  The
        literal can be preceded by ‘+‘ or ‘-‘ and be surrounded by whitespace.
        The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.  Base 0 means to
        interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
        >>> int(‘0b100‘, base=0)
        # (copied from class doc)
        """
        pass

    def __int__(self):
        """ 转换为整数 """
        """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """
        pass

    def __invert__(self):
        """ x.__invert__() <==> ~x """
        pass

    def __long__(self):
        """ 转换为长整数 """
        """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """
        pass

    def __lshift__(self, y):
        """ x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<<y """
        pass

    def __mod__(self, y):
        """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
        pass

    def __mul__(self, y):
        """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """
        pass

    def __neg__(self):
        """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(S, *more):
        """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
        pass

    def __nonzero__(self):
        """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """
        pass

    def __oct__(self):
        """ 返回改值的 八进制 表示 """
        """ x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) """
        pass

    def __or__(self, y):
        """ x.__or__(y) <==> x|y """
        pass

    def __pos__(self):
        """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """
        pass

    def __pow__(self, y, z=None):
        """ 幂,次方 """
        """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
        pass

    def __radd__(self, y):
        """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """
        pass

    def __rand__(self, y):
        """ x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x """
        pass

    def __rdivmod__(self, y):
        """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """
        pass

    def __rdiv__(self, y):
        """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """
        pass

    def __repr__(self):
        """转化为解释器可读取的形式 """
        """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
        pass

    def __str__(self):
        """转换为人阅读的形式,如果没有适于人阅读的解释形式的话,则返回解释器课阅读的形式"""
        """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
        pass

    def __rfloordiv__(self, y):
        """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """
        pass

    def __rlshift__(self, y):
        """ x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<<x """
        pass

    def __rmod__(self, y):
        """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
        pass

    def __rmul__(self, y):
        """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """
        pass

    def __ror__(self, y):
        """ x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x """
        pass

    def __rpow__(self, x, z=None):
        """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
        pass

    def __rrshift__(self, y):
        """ x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x """
        pass

    def __rshift__(self, y):
        """ x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y """
        pass

    def __rsub__(self, y):
        """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """
        pass

    def __rtruediv__(self, y):
        """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """
        pass

    def __rxor__(self, y):
        """ x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x """
        pass

    def __sub__(self, y):
        """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """
        pass

    def __truediv__(self, y):
        """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """
        pass

    def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """ 返回数值被截取为整形的值,在整形中无意义 """
        pass

    def __xor__(self, y):
        """ x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y """
        pass

    denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """ 分母 = 1 """
    """the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms"""

    imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """ 虚数,无意义 """
    """the imaginary part of a complex number"""

    numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """ 分子 = 数字大小 """
    """the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms"""

    real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """ 实属,无意义 """
    """the real part of a complex number"""

int

整形

长整型:python中的长整形没有指定位宽,若约束为长整形,则在数字后加L  eg. a=12L。

长整型具备的功能:

class long(object):
    """
    long(x=0) -> long
    long(x, base=10) -> long

    Convert a number or string to a long integer, or return 0L if no arguments
    are given.  If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.

    If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or
    Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base.  The
    literal can be preceded by ‘+‘ or ‘-‘ and be surrounded by whitespace.
    The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.  Base 0 means to
    interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
    >>> int(‘0b100‘, base=0)
    4L
    """
    def bit_length(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        long.bit_length() -> int or long

        Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
        >>> bin(37L)
        ‘0b100101‘
        >>> (37L).bit_length()
        """
        return 0

    def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Returns self, the complex conjugate of any long. """
        pass

    def __abs__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """
        pass

    def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
        pass

    def __and__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__and__(y) <==> x&y """
        pass

    def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """
        pass

    def __coerce__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """
        pass

    def __divmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """
        pass

    def __div__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """
        pass

    def __float__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """
        pass

    def __floordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """
        pass

    def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__getattribute__(‘name‘) <==> x.name """
        pass

    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
        pass

    def __hex__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) """
        pass

    def __index__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] """
        pass

    def __init__(self, x=0): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        pass

    def __int__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """
        pass

    def __invert__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__invert__() <==> ~x """
        pass

    def __long__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """
        pass

    def __lshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<<y """
        pass

    def __mod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
        pass

    def __mul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """
        pass

    def __neg__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
        pass

    def __nonzero__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """
        pass

    def __oct__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) """
        pass

    def __or__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__or__(y) <==> x|y """
        pass

    def __pos__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """
        pass

    def __pow__(self, y, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
        pass

    def __radd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """
        pass

    def __rand__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x """
        pass

    def __rdivmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """
        pass

    def __rdiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """
        pass

    def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
        pass

    def __rfloordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """
        pass

    def __rlshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<<x """
        pass

    def __rmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
        pass

    def __rmul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """
        pass

    def __ror__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x """
        pass

    def __rpow__(self, x, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
        pass

    def __rrshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x """
        pass

    def __rshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y """
        pass

    def __rsub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """
        pass

    def __rtruediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """
        pass

    def __rxor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x """
        pass

    def __sizeof__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Returns size in memory, in bytes """
        pass

    def __str__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
        pass

    def __sub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """
        pass

    def __truediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """
        pass

    def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Truncating an Integral returns itself. """
        pass

    def __xor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y """
        pass

    denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms"""

    imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """the imaginary part of a complex number"""

    numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms"""

    real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """the real part of a complex number"""

long

长整形

浮点型:a=12.3。

浮点型具备的功能:

class float(object):
    """
    float(x) -> floating point number

    Convert a string or number to a floating point number, if possible.
    """
    def as_integer_ratio(self):
        """ 获取改值的最简比 """
        """
        float.as_integer_ratio() -> (int, int)

        Return a pair of integers, whose ratio is exactly equal to the original
        float and with a positive denominator.
        Raise OverflowError on infinities and a ValueError on NaNs.

        >>> (10.0).as_integer_ratio()
        (10, 1)
        >>> (0.0).as_integer_ratio()
        (0, 1)
        >>> (-.25).as_integer_ratio()
        (-1, 4)
        """
        pass

    def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self, the complex conjugate of any float. """
        pass

    def fromhex(self, string):
        """ 将十六进制字符串转换成浮点型 """
        """
        float.fromhex(string) -> float

        Create a floating-point number from a hexadecimal string.
        >>> float.fromhex(‘0x1.ffffp10‘)
        2047.984375
        >>> float.fromhex(‘-0x1p-1074‘)
        -4.9406564584124654e-324
        """
        return 0.0

    def hex(self):
        """ 返回当前值的 16 进制表示 """
        """
        float.hex() -> string

        Return a hexadecimal representation of a floating-point number.
        >>> (-0.1).hex()
        ‘-0x1.999999999999ap-4‘
        >>> 3.14159.hex()
        ‘0x1.921f9f01b866ep+1‘
        """
        return ""

    def is_integer(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return True if the float is an integer. """
        pass

    def __abs__(self):
        """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """
        pass

    def __add__(self, y):
        """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
        pass

    def __coerce__(self, y):
        """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """
        pass

    def __divmod__(self, y):
        """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """
        pass

    def __div__(self, y):
        """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """
        pass

    def __eq__(self, y):
        """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
        pass

    def __float__(self):
        """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """
        pass

    def __floordiv__(self, y):
        """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """
        pass

    def __format__(self, format_spec):
        """
        float.__format__(format_spec) -> string

        Formats the float according to format_spec.
        """
        return ""

    def __getattribute__(self, name):
        """ x.__getattribute__(‘name‘) <==> x.name """
        pass

    def __getformat__(self, typestr):
        """
        float.__getformat__(typestr) -> string

        You probably don‘t want to use this function.  It exists mainly to be
        used in Python‘s test suite.

        typestr must be ‘double‘ or ‘float‘.  This function returns whichever of
        ‘unknown‘, ‘IEEE, big-endian‘ or ‘IEEE, little-endian‘ best describes the
        format of floating point numbers used by the C type named by typestr.
        """
        return ""

    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def __ge__(self, y):
        """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
        pass

    def __gt__(self, y):
        """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
        pass

    def __hash__(self):
        """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
        pass

    def __init__(self, x):
        pass

    def __int__(self):
        """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """
        pass

    def __le__(self, y):
        """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
        pass

    def __long__(self):
        """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """
        pass

    def __lt__(self, y):
        """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
        pass

    def __mod__(self, y):
        """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
        pass

    def __mul__(self, y):
        """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """
        pass

    def __neg__(self):
        """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(S, *more):
        """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
        pass

    def __ne__(self, y):
        """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
        pass

    def __nonzero__(self):
        """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """
        pass

    def __pos__(self):
        """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """
        pass

    def __pow__(self, y, z=None):
        """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
        pass

    def __radd__(self, y):
        """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """
        pass

    def __rdivmod__(self, y):
        """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """
        pass

    def __rdiv__(self, y):
        """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """
        pass

    def __repr__(self):
        """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
        pass

    def __rfloordiv__(self, y):
        """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """
        pass

    def __rmod__(self, y):
        """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
        pass

    def __rmul__(self, y):
        """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """
        pass

    def __rpow__(self, x, z=None):
        """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
        pass

    def __rsub__(self, y):
        """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """
        pass

    def __rtruediv__(self, y):
        """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """
        pass

    def __setformat__(self, typestr, fmt):
        """
        float.__setformat__(typestr, fmt) -> None

        You probably don‘t want to use this function.  It exists mainly to be
        used in Python‘s test suite.

        typestr must be ‘double‘ or ‘float‘.  fmt must be one of ‘unknown‘,
        ‘IEEE, big-endian‘ or ‘IEEE, little-endian‘, and in addition can only be
        one of the latter two if it appears to match the underlying C reality.

        Override the automatic determination of C-level floating point type.
        This affects how floats are converted to and from binary strings.
        """
        pass

    def __str__(self):
        """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
        pass

    def __sub__(self, y):
        """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """
        pass

    def __truediv__(self, y):
        """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """
        pass

    def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return the Integral closest to x between 0 and x. """
        pass

    imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """the imaginary part of a complex number"""

    real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """the real part of a complex number"""

float

浮点型

复数:a+bj或complex(a,b)。

bool类型

a=True

2、字符串

a=‘ahdofa ‘

字符串具备的功能:

class str(basestring):
    """
    str(object=‘‘) -> string

    Return a nice string representation of the object.
    If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
    """
    def capitalize(self):
        """ 首字母变大写 """
        """
        S.capitalize() -> string

        Return a copy of the string S with only its first character
        capitalized.
        """
        return ""

    def center(self, width, fillchar=None):
        """ 内容居中,width:总长度;fillchar:空白处填充内容,默认无 """
        """
        S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string

        Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
        """
        return ""

    def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
        """ 子序列个数 """
        """
        S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int

        Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
        string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are interpreted
        as in slice notation.
        """
        return 0

    def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):
        """ 解码 """
        """
        S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object

        Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
        to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
        handling scheme. Default is ‘strict‘ meaning that encoding errors raise
        a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are ‘ignore‘ and ‘replace‘
        as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is
        able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.
        """
        return object()

    def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):
        """ 编码,针对unicode """
        """
        S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object

        Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
        to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
        handling scheme. Default is ‘strict‘ meaning that encoding errors raise
        a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are ‘ignore‘, ‘replace‘ and
        ‘xmlcharrefreplace‘ as well as any other name registered with
        codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.
        """
        return object()

    def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None):
        """ 是否以 xxx 结束 """
        """
        S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool

        Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.
        With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
        With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
        suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
        """
        return False

    def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None):
        """ 将tab转换成空格,默认一个tab转换成8个空格 """
        """
        S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string

        Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
        If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.
        """
        return ""

    def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
        """ 寻找子序列位置,如果没找到,返回 -1 """
        """
        S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

        Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
        such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
        arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.

        Return -1 on failure.
        """
        return 0

    def format(*args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format
        """ 字符串格式化,动态参数,将函数式编程时细说 """
        """
        S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string

        Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
        The substitutions are identified by braces (‘{‘ and ‘}‘).
        """
        pass

    def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
        """ 子序列位置,如果没找到,报错 """
        S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

        Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
        """
        return 0

    def isalnum(self):
        """ 是否是字母和数字 """
        """
        S.isalnum() -> bool

        Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric
        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
        """
        return False

    def isalpha(self):
        """ 是否是字母 """
        """
        S.isalpha() -> bool

        Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic
        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
        """
        return False

    def isdigit(self):
        """ 是否是数字 """
        """
        S.isdigit() -> bool

        Return True if all characters in S are digits
        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
        """
        return False

    def islower(self):
        """ 是否小写 """
        """
        S.islower() -> bool

        Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is
        at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
        """
        return False

    def isspace(self):
        """
        S.isspace() -> bool

        Return True if all characters in S are whitespace
        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
        """
        return False

    def istitle(self):
        """
        S.istitle() -> bool

        Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one
        character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased
        characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False
        otherwise.
        """
        return False

    def isupper(self):
        """
        S.isupper() -> bool

        Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is
        at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
        """
        return False

    def join(self, iterable):
        """ 连接 """
        """
        S.join(iterable) -> string

        Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
        iterable.  The separator between elements is S.
        """
        return ""

    def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None):
        """ 内容左对齐,右侧填充 """
        """
        S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string

        Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
        """
        return ""

    def lower(self):
        """ 变小写 """
        """
        S.lower() -> string

        Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.
        """
        return ""

    def lstrip(self, chars=None):
        """ 移除左侧空白 """
        """
        S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode

        Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
        If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
        """
        return ""

    def partition(self, sep):
        """ 分割,前,中,后三部分 """
        """
        S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)

        Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
        the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not
        found, return S and two empty strings.
        """
        pass

    def replace(self, old, new, count=None):
        """ 替换 """
        """
        S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string

        Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring
        old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is
        given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
        """
        return ""

    def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
        """
        S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

        Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,
        such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
        arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.

        Return -1 on failure.
        """
        return 0

    def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
        """
        S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

        Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
        """
        return 0

    def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None):
        """
        S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string

        Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
        """
        return ""

    def rpartition(self, sep):
        """
        S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)

        Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return
        the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the
        separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.
        """
        pass

    def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):
        """
        S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings

        Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
        delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working
        to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are
        done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string
        is a separator.
        """
        return []

    def rstrip(self, chars=None):
        """
        S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode

        Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
        If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
        """
        return ""

    def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):
        """ 分割, maxsplit最多分割几次 """
        """
        S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings

        Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
        delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
        splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
        whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed
        from the result.
        """
        return []

    def splitlines(self, keepends=False):
        """ 根据换行分割 """
        """
        S.splitlines(keepends=False) -> list of strings

        Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.
        Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends
        is given and true.
        """
        return []

    def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None):
        """ 是否起始 """
        """
        S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool

        Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.
        With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
        With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
        prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
        """
        return False

    def strip(self, chars=None):
        """ 移除两段空白 """
        """
        S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode

        Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing
        whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
        If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
        """
        return ""

    def swapcase(self):
        """ 大写变小写,小写变大写 """
        """
        S.swapcase() -> string

        Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters
        converted to lowercase and vice versa.
        """
        return ""

    def title(self):
        """
        S.title() -> string

        Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase
        characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase.
        """
        return ""

    def translate(self, table, deletechars=None):
        """
        转换,需要先做一个对应表,最后一个表示删除字符集合
        intab = "aeiou"
        outtab = "12345"
        trantab = maketrans(intab, outtab)
        str = "this is string example....wow!!!"
        print str.translate(trantab, ‘xm‘)
        """

        """
        S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string

        Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring
        in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the
        remaining characters have been mapped through the given
        translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None.
        If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and
        the operation simply removes the characters in deletechars.
        """
        return ""

    def upper(self):
        """
        S.upper() -> string

        Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase.
        """
        return ""

    def zfill(self, width):
        """方法返回指定长度的字符串,原字符串右对齐,前面填充0。"""
        """
        S.zfill(width) -> string

        Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field
        of the specified width.  The string S is never truncated.
        """
        return ""

    def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def __add__(self, y):
        """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
        pass

    def __contains__(self, y):
        """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
        pass

    def __eq__(self, y):
        """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
        pass

    def __format__(self, format_spec):
        """
        S.__format__(format_spec) -> string

        Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.
        """
        return ""

    def __getattribute__(self, name):
        """ x.__getattribute__(‘name‘) <==> x.name """
        pass

    def __getitem__(self, y):
        """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
        pass

    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def __getslice__(self, i, j):
        """
        x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]

                   Use of negative indices is not supported.
        """
        pass

    def __ge__(self, y):
        """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
        pass

    def __gt__(self, y):
        """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
        pass

    def __hash__(self):
        """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
        pass

    def __init__(self, string=‘‘): # known special case of str.__init__
        """
        str(object=‘‘) -> string

        Return a nice string representation of the object.
        If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
        # (copied from class doc)
        """
        pass

    def __len__(self):
        """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
        pass

    def __le__(self, y):
        """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
        pass

    def __lt__(self, y):
        """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
        pass

    def __mod__(self, y):
        """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
        pass

    def __mul__(self, n):
        """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(S, *more):
        """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
        pass

    def __ne__(self, y):
        """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
        pass

    def __repr__(self):
        """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
        pass

    def __rmod__(self, y):
        """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
        pass

    def __rmul__(self, n):
        """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
        pass

    def __sizeof__(self):
        """ S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """
        pass

    def __str__(self):
        """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
        pass

str

str

 3、Python种数据类型转换

1、数值型转换成字符串型:str=str(int/long/float..)

2、其它类型的转换与上类似,借助int/long/float(要转换的类型),前提是符合类型转换规则。

时间: 2024-10-06 17:31:08

Python中的基础数据类型的相关文章

python中不可变数据类型和可变数据类型

学习python过程中我们一定会遇到不可变数据类型和可变数据类型. 1.名词解释 以下所有的内容都是基于内存地址来说的. 不可变数据类型: 当该数据类型的对应变量的值发生了改变,那么它对应的内存地址也会发生改变,对于这种数据类型,就称不可变数据类型. 可变数据类型 :当该数据类型的对应变量的值发生了改变,那么它对应的内存地址不发生改变,对于这种数据类型,就称可变数据类型. 总结:不可变数据类型更改后地址发生改变,可变数据类型更改地址不发生改变 2.数据类型分类 在python中数据类型有:整型,

python中的特殊数据类型

一.python中的特殊数据类型 对于python,一切事物都是对象,对象基于类创建.像是"wangming",38,[11,12,22]均可以视为对象,并且是根据不同的类生成的对象. 参照:http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/4911365.html 1.列表 如[12,12,23].['wan','fad','dfjap]等 列表具备的功能: class list(object): """ list() -&

[.net 面向对象编程基础] (3) 基础中的基础——数据类型

[.net 面向对象编程基础] (3) 基础中的基础——数据类型 关于数据类型,这是基础中的基础. 基础..基础..基础.基本功必须要扎实. 首先,从使用电脑开始,再到编程,电脑要存储数据,就要按类型存储,就跟我们买来衣服一样,裤子,上衣,冬天的,夏天的,总要分个类再放进衣柜中一样.越是高级的编程语言,数据类型分的越详细. 问题来了,这么多数据类型,我们是不是要一一记住,这真不是个省心的事情,不用怕,不用怕,不用怕,重要的事情说三遍. 重点:C#就15种数据类型. 准确来说,是15种预定义类型,

python自动化--语言基础--数据类型及类型转换

Python中核心的数据类型有哪些?变量(数字.字符串.元组.列表.字典) 什么是数据的不可变性?哪些数据类型具有不可变性数据的不可变是指数据不可更改,比如: 1 a = ("abc",123) #定义元组 2 a[0]=234 #把第一位更改为345 3 print(a) #打印时会报错 不可变:数字.字符.元组可变:列表和字典 Python中常见数据类型 赋值 1 counter = 100 2 miles = 1000 3 name = "nan" 4 pri

Python中常见的数据类型总结

Python提供多种数据类型来存放数据项集合,主要包括序列(列表list和元组tuple),映射(如字典dict),集合(set),下面对这几种一一介绍: 一 序列 1.列表list 列表是一种有序的集合,相对于元组和字符串的不同是它其中的元素可变,可以随时添加和删除其中的元素. (1) 创建list 在命令行中测试,如下: >>> L1 = [1,2,3] >>> L1 [1, 2, 3] >>> L2 = ['abc'] >>>

1.python变量与基础数据类型

一.什么是变量? 在我的理解,程序中的变量就是在内存中开辟出一块空间,也可以把变量看作是一种容器, 程序的运行本质是一系列状态的变化,而变量这种容器就是通过内存来保存程序运行的状态,变量值的变化就构成了程序运行的不同结果. 二.变量有哪些赋值方式? 1.最基本的赋值方式,变量名 = 变量值 ,name = "suhaozhi". 2.链式赋值,a = b = c = "suhaozhi" (变量a,b,c同时对应了一个变量值"suhaozhi",

Python中的基础定义

Python中的文档字符串:可以当作一种特殊的注释,简单的说明可以使用单引号或双引号,较长的文字说明可以使用三引号 变量定义:第一个字符只能是大小写字母或下划线,区分大小写 运算符: (1)算术运算符:+ .- .* ./ .// .% .** (2)比较运算符:< .<= .> .>= .== .!= .<> (3)逻辑运算:and .or 数据类型:数字.字符串.列表.元组.字典 基本数字类型:int:整数.long:长整数.float:浮点数.complex:复数

python中各种基础类型的转换,二进制,八进制,十进制,十六进制

python中所有类型都是作为对象的形式来存在的. 在python中没有char型,只有字符串类型,这样我们可能将char型转换为整型时极不方便,但是python已经提供了这些转换的内置函数. python 中除了整型,其他进制的只能用字符串来表示 1 int() 可以将 二进制,八进制,十六进制转换成十进制整型 >>> int('1111', 2) 15 >>> int('f', 16) 15 >>> int('17', 8) 15 2 chr()

Python中常见的数据类型总结(三)

4.通用的序列操作方法 (1)索引 在访问序列元素中用到,如下: >>> L = ['a','b','c']>>> L[1]'b'>>> T = (1,2,3)>>> T[0]1 >>> str = "Python">>> str[4]'o' (2)分片 分片用来访问一定范围内的元素,分片通常通过冒号相隔的两个索引来实现,常见的有如下几种: >>> a = li