RMAN配置DataGuard from Active database with ASM

一、  环境

主库：安装grid软件及创建磁盘组；安装数据库软件并创建数据库，

备库：仅安装grid软件并创建asm磁盘组，同时安装数据库软件即可。


主机名
数据库版本
dbname
db_unique_name
ip地址
系统版本

server1(主)
oracle11204
Jason
jason
192.168.1.250
rhel6.6_x86_64

server2(备)
jason2
192.168.1.252

二、  主库配置

1.  确定主数据库开启强制LOGGING模式

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Jul 14 20:45:33 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;

Database altered.

SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

FOR

---

YES

2.  开启归档

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode             Archive Mode

Automatic archival            Enabled

Archive destination            +DATA

Oldest online log sequence     24

Next log sequence to archive   26

Current log sequence           26

3.  创建standby日志组

1).standby redo log的文件大小与primary 数据库online redo log 文件大小相同

2).standby redo log日志文件组的个数依照下面的原则进行计算

Standby redo log组数公式>=(每个instance日志组个数+1)*instance个数

例如在我的环境中，只有一个节点，这个节点有三组redo，所以

Standby redo log组数公式>=(3+1)*1  == 4

所以需要创建4组Standby redo log

3).每一日志组为了安全起见，可以包含多个成员文件。

查看主数据库的日志组个数与大小，创建standy日志组,大小不能小于在线日志大小。

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER

------------------------------------------------------------------------

+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_3.263.919631585

+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_2.262.919631583

+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_1.261.919631583

3 rows selected.

SQL> select group#,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;

GROUP# BYTES/1024/1024

---------- ---------------

1              50

3              50

2              50

在主数据库创建standby日志组，位置与原日志组相同的路径。

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4 SIZE 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5 SIZE 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6 SIZE 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7 SIZE 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> select group#,status,type,member from v$logfile;

GROUP# STATUS  TYPE   MEMBER

---------- ------- ------- --------------------------

3         ONLINE +DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_3.263.919631585

2         ONLINE +DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_2.262.919631583

1         ONLINE +DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_1.261.919631583

4         STANDBY+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_4.269.919707467

5         STANDBY+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_5.270.919707475

6         STANDBY +DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_6.271.919707483

7         STANDBY+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_7.272.919707491

7 rows selected.

SQL>

4.  主库参数文件配置

在主库上修改dataguard配置相关的各个参数，各参数的具体含义可以参考oracle在线文档。

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(JASON,JASON2)‘ SCOPE=SPFILE;

alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=‘AUTO‘ SCOPE=SPFILE;

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=‘LOCATION=+DATAVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON‘ scope=spfile;

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=‘SERVICE=JASON2 ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON2‘scope=spfile;

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=‘ENABLE‘ scope=spfile;

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=‘ENABLE‘ scope=spfile;

alter system set FAL_SERVER=‘JASON2‘ scope=spfile;

主库的DB_UNIQUE_NAME不设置，默认与数据库名一致。

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(JASON,JASON2)‘SCOPE=SPFILE;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=‘AUTO‘ SCOPE=SPFILE;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=‘LOCATION=+DATAVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON‘ scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=‘SERVICE=JASON2 ASYNCVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON2‘scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=‘ENABLE‘ scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=‘ENABLE‘ scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set FAL_SERVER=‘JASON2‘ scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL>

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes

Fixed Size                 2253744 bytes

Variable Size             310381648bytes

Database Buffers          92274688 bytes

Redo Buffers               4284416 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

5.  配置监听及tnsname

grid用户创建监听，如下：

[[email protected] ~]$ cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/

[[email protected] admin]$ cat listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = server1)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/grid

ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON              # line added by Agent

oracle用户下tnsname.ora配置如下

[[email protected] ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/

[[email protected] admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

JASON =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.250)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = JASON)

)

)

JASON2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.252)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = JASON2)

)

)

[[email protected] admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 12-AUG-201622:43:25

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNRfor Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production

Start Date               12-AUG-2016 17:56:24

Uptime                    0 days 4 hr. 47 min. 0 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON:Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File  /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/server1/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=server1)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "+ASM",status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "JASON" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "JASON",status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "JASONXDB" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "JASON",status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

[[email protected] admin]$

6.  生成pfile文件，同步相应文件至备库

在主数据库生成pfile文件。

SQL> create pfile=’/home/oracle/pfile.ora’ from spfile;

File created.

同步密码认证文件至备机。

[[email protected] dbs]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs

[[email protected] dbs]$ scp initJASON.ora orapwJASON 192.168.1.252:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/

The authenticity of host ‘192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100)‘ can‘t beestablished.

RSA key fingerprint is 25:ca:65:90:d3:30:fa:68:ed:11:64:b2:0e:b0:39:a7.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added ‘192.168.1.100‘ (RSA) to the list of knownhosts.

[email protected]‘s password:

initJASON.ora                                                                                       100%1415     1.4KB/s   00:00

orapwJASON                                                                                          100% 1536     1.5KB/s   00:00

[[email protected] dbs]

三、  备库配置

7.  创建对应目录

备库上创建相关目录

[[email protected] oracle]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/JASON2/adump

8.  备库参数文件配置

备库上修改初始参数文件，配置DG所需参数如下。

JASON.__db_cache_size=104857600

JASON.__java_pool_size=4194304

JASON.__large_pool_size=8388608

JASON.__pga_aggregate_target=180355072

JASON.__sga_target=230686720

JASON.__shared_io_pool_size=0

JASON.__shared_pool_size=104857600

JASON.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/JASON2/adump‘

*.audit_trail=‘db‘

*.compatible=‘11.2.0.4.0‘

*.control_files=‘+DATA‘

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_create_file_dest=‘+DATA‘

*.db_domain=‘‘

*.db_name=‘JASON‘

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=‘JASON2‘

*.diagnostic_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle‘

*.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=JASONXDB)‘

*.fal_server=‘JASON‘

*.log_archive_config=‘DG_CONFIG=(JASON,JASON2)‘

*.log_archive_dest_1=‘LOCATION=+DATA VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON2‘

*.log_archive_dest_2=‘SERVICE=JASON ASYNCVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON‘

*.log_archive_dest_state_1=‘ENABLE‘

*.log_archive_dest_state_2=‘ENABLE‘

*.log_archive_format=‘%t_%s_%r.dbf‘

*.memory_target=411041792

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘

*.standby_file_management=‘AUTO‘

*.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘

9.配置监听

grid用户创建监听，备库监听必须配置为静态监听。如下：

[[email protected] admin]$ cat listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = JASON2)

(ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)

(SID_NAME = JASON)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = server2)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/grid

ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER = ON

oracle用户下tnsname.ora配置如下

[[email protected] ~]$ cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/

[[email protected] admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

JASON =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.250)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = JASON)

)

)

JASON2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.252)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = JASON2)

)

)

10.创建备库

将备库启动到nomount状态，然后在备机连接主库进行duplicate操作。

[[email protected] dbs]$ rman target sys/[email protected] auxiliarysys/[email protected]

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Aug 12 18:35:212016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: JASON (DBID=2143845850)

connected to auxiliary database: JASON (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck fromactive database;

Starting Duplicate Db at 12-AUG-16

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK

contents of Memory Script:

{

backup as copy reuse

targetfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwJASON‘ auxiliaryformat

‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwJASON‘   ;

}

executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 12-AUG-16

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=45 device type=DISK

Finished backup at 12-AUG-16

contents of Memory Script:

{

backup as copy currentcontrolfile for standby auxiliary format ‘+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533‘;

sql clone "create spfilefrom memory";

shutdown clone immediate;

startup clone nomount;

sql clone "alter systemset  control_files =

‘‘+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533‘‘ comment=

‘‘Set by RMAN‘‘scope=spfile";

shutdown clone immediate;

startup clone nomount;

}

executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 12-AUG-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

copying standby control file

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_JASON.ftag=TAG20160812T183533 RECID=1 STAMP=919708533

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished backup at 12-AUG-16

sql statement: create spfile from memory

Oracle instance shut down

connected to auxiliary database (not started)

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area    409194496 bytes

Fixed Size                    2253744 bytes

Variable Size               318770256 bytes

Database Buffers              83886080 bytes

Redo Buffers                  4284416 bytes

sql statement: alter system set control_files =  ‘‘+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533‘‘ comment= ‘‘Set byRMAN‘‘ scope=spfile

Oracle instance shut down

connected to auxiliary database (not started)

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area    409194496 bytes

Fixed Size                    2253744 bytes

Variable Size               318770256 bytes

Database Buffers             83886080 bytes

Redo Buffers                   4284416 bytes

contents of Memory Script:

{

sql clone ‘alter database mountstandby database‘;

}

executing Memory Script

sql statement: alter database mount standby database

contents of Memory Script:

{

set newname for clonetempfile  1 to new;

switch clone tempfile all;

set newname for clonedatafile  1 to new;

set newname for clonedatafile  2 to new;

set newname for clonedatafile  3 to new;

set newname for clonedatafile  4 to new;

backup as copy reuse

datafile  1 auxiliary format new

datafile  2 auxiliary format new

datafile  3 auxiliary format new

datafile  4 auxiliary format new

;

sql ‘alter system archive logcurrent‘;

}

executing Memory Script

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed tempfile 1 to +DATA in control file

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting backup at 12-AUG-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00001name=+DATA/jason/datafile/system.256.919631481

output file name=+DATA/jason2/datafile/system.257.919708567tag=TAG20160812T183605

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00002name=+DATA/jason/datafile/sysaux.257.919631481

output file name=+DATA/jason2/datafile/sysaux.258.919708603tag=TAG20160812T183605

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00003name=+DATA/jason/datafile/undotbs1.258.919631481

output file name=+DATA/jason2/datafile/undotbs1.259.919708627tag=TAG20160812T183605

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00004name=+DATA/jason/datafile/users.259.919631483

output file name=+DATA/jason2/datafile/users.260.919708631tag=TAG20160812T183605

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 12-AUG-16

sql statement: alter system archive log current

contents of Memory Script:

{

switch clone datafile all;

}

executing Memory Script

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=919708632 filename=+DATA/jason2/datafile/system.257.919708567

datafile 2 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=919708632 filename=+DATA/jason2/datafile/sysaux.258.919708603

datafile 3 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=919708633 filename=+DATA/jason2/datafile/undotbs1.259.919708627

datafile 4 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=919708633 filename=+DATA/jason2/datafile/users.260.919708631

Finished Duplicate Db at 12-AUG-16

RMAN>

备注：创建备库后，数据库处于mount状态，数据打开时将会初始化临时表空间、在线日志、standby日志。

11.开启ADG

将备库置于active dataguard模式下，备库创建成功后默认为mount状态，需要手动打开。

[[email protected] dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Aug 12 18:51:54 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bitProduction

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using currentlogfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    DB_UNIQUE_NAME

-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------

READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY JASON2

SQL> select protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;

PROTECTION_MODE     PROTECTION_LEVEL

-------------------- --------------------

MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE

SQL>

SQL> select status from v$standby_log;

STATUS

----------

UNASSIGNED

ACTIVE

UNASSIGNED

UNASSIGNED

SQL> select group#,status,type,member from v$logfile;

GROUP# STATUS  TYPE   MEMBER

---------- ------- ------- --------------------------

3         ONLINE +DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_3.263.919708637

2         ONLINE +DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_2.262.919708637

1         ONLINE +DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_1.261.919708633

4         STANDBY+DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_4.264.919708637

5         STANDBY+DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_5.265.919708639

6         STANDBY+DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_6.266.919708639

7        STANDBY +DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_7.267.919708641

7 rows selected.

SQL>

主库查看数据库状态

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Aug 12 18:34:16 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bitProduction

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE           DATABASE_ROLE    DB_UNIQUE_NAME

-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------

READ WRITE           PRIMARY          JASON

SQL> select protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;

PROTECTION_MODE     PROTECTION_LEVEL

-------------------- --------------------

MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE

SQL>

12.创建spfile文件

备库创建结束后，需要创建spfile文件。

修改pfile文件control_files参数，指定备库的控制文件，查看asm磁盘组获取控制文件名及位置。如下：

control_files=‘+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533‘，

创建spfile.

SQL> create SPFILE=‘+DATA/JASON2/spfileJASON.ora‘from pfile=‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initJASON.ora‘;

File created.

创建pfile文件指向

[[email protected]]$ cat initJASON.ora

SPFILE=‘+DATA/JASON2/spfileJASON.ora‘

[[email protected]]$

spfile文件创建成功后，备库重启将使用spfile文件启动数据库

使用ALTERDATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL取消日志恢复，关闭数据库，再次打开，再开启日志应用。

SQL> showparameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string      +DATA/jason2/spfilejason.ora

SQL>

四、  测试

13.主备库查看日志

主库切换日志

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> SELECT SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOGORDER BY SEQUENCE#;

SEQUENCE# APPLIED

---------- ---------

5 NO

6 NO

7 NO

8 NO

9 NO

10 NO

10 YES

11 NO

11 YES

12 NO

12 YES

SEQUENCE# APPLIED

---------- ---------

13 NO

13 YES

14 NO

14 YES

15 NO

15 NO

17 rows selected.

SQL>

备库查看日志

SQL>  SELECTSEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;

SEQUENCE# APPLIED

---------- ---------

10 YES

11 YES

12 YES

13 YES

14 YES

15IN-MEMORY

6 rows selected.

SQL>

14.switch_over测试

主库切换

SQL> SELECTSWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

SWITCHOVER_STATUS

--------------------

TO STANDBY

SQL> ALTERDATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;

Database altered.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instancestarted.

Total System GlobalArea  409194496 bytes

Fixed Size                  2253744 bytes

Variable Size             322964560 bytes

DatabaseBuffers           79691776 bytes

Redo Buffers                4284416 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> selectopen_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    DB_UNIQUE_NAME

------------------------------------ ------------------------------

READ ONLY            PHYSICAL STANDBY JASON

SQL> ALTERDATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROMSESSION;

Database altered.

SQL>

备库切换

SQL> SELECTSWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

SWITCHOVER_STATUS

--------------------

TO PRIMARY

SQL> ALTERDATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;

Database altered.

SQL> selectopen_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    DB_UNIQUE_NAME

------------------------------------ ------------------------------

MOUNTED              PRIMARY          JASON2

SQL> alterdatabase open;

Database altered.

SQL> selectopen_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    DB_UNIQUE_NAME

------------------------------------ ------------------------------

READ WRITE           PRIMARY          JASON2

SQL>

五、  报错处理

15.报错1

[[email protected] ~]$rman  target sys/[email protected] auxiliarysys/[email protected]

Recovery Manager:Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Aug 10 07:37:33 2016

Copyright (c) 1982,2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  Allrights reserved.

connected to target database:JASON (DBID=2143699214)

connected toauxiliary database: JASON (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicatetarget database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database;

Starting DuplicateDb at 10-AUG-16

using targetdatabase control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel:ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=22 device type=DISK

contents of MemoryScript:

{

backup as copy reuse

targetfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwJASON‘ auxiliaryformat

‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwJASON‘   ;

}

executing MemoryScript

Starting backup at10-AUG-16

allocated channel:ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1:SID=51 device type=DISK

Finished backup at10-AUG-16

contents of MemoryScript:

{

backup as copy current controlfile forstandby auxiliary format  ‘+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533‘;

}

executing MemoryScript

Starting backup at10-AUG-16

using channelORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1:starting datafile copy

copying standby controlfile

RMAN-00571:===========================================================

RMAN-00569:=============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571:===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failureof Duplicate Db command at 08/10/2016 07:38:20

RMAN-05501: abortingduplication of target database

RMAN-03015: erroroccurred in stored script Memory Script

RMAN-03009: failureof backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 08/10/2016 07:38:20

ORA-17628: Oracleerror 19505 returned by remote Oracle server

RMAN>

错误分析:该错误mos也给出了对应解决方法，由于主备库目录不一致未使用参数db_file_name_convert,LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT参数导致。本案例中主备库都是用+data磁盘组，同时使用OMF管理文件。因此不适用本案例。在创建数据库期间，警告日志报如下错误：

ORA-15025: could not open disk"/dev/asm-diskb"

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permissiondenied

Additional information: 9

Wed Aug 10 07:38:19 2016

SUCCESS: diskgroup DATA wasdismounted

ERROR: diskgroup DATA was notmounted

Errors in file/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jason2/JASON/trace/JASON_ora_3131.trc:

ORA-19505:failed to identify file "+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533"

ORA-17502:ksfdcre:3 Failed to create file +DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533

ORA-15001: diskgroup"DATA" does not exist or is not mounted

ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete

备库磁盘组存在，且查看主库磁盘组与备库磁盘组权限一致，那么可能是其他原因导致。最终发现主库的/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/oracle文件权限不一致。

主库

[[email protected] bin]# ll oracle

-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle

备库

[[email protected] bin]# ll oracle

-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle oinstall239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle

主备库唯一的区别在于备库是通过rman复制创建。测试发现在dbca创建数据库后将会修改该文件权限。以下为测试过程：

安装grid,数据库软件时，未创建数据库时

[[email protected] dbhome_1]# cd bin/

[[email protected] bin]# ll oracle

-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle oinstall239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle

[[email protected] bin]#

dbca创建数据库之后

[[email protected] trace]# cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/

[[email protected] bin]# ll oracle

-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle

[[email protected] bin]#

因此修改备库该文件权限,问题解决。

[[email protected] bin]#chown oracle:asmadminoracle

[[email protected] bin]#chmod 6751 oracle

[[email protected] bin]# ll oracle

-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle

16.报错2

备用数据库启动时报如下错误

ERROR: failed to establish dependency between database JASON2 anddiskgroup resource ora.DATA.dg

查看噶日志信息是因为备库未注册入CRS启动时报错。同时备机重启仅ASM实例与crs启动,CRS无法启动数据库。因此注册备库至CRS中。

以oracle用户执行

[[email protected] dbs]$ srvctl add database -d JASON2 -o/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 -p +DATA/JASON2/spfileJASON.ora -i jason -r PHYSICAL_STANDBY -n jason

[[email protected] dbs]$ srvctl modify database -d JASON2 -a ‘data‘

[[email protected] dbs]$ srvctl config database -d jason2 -a

Database unique name: JASON2

Database name: jason

Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

Oracle user: oracle

Spfile: +DATA/JASON2/spfileJASON.ora

Domain:

Start options: open

Stop options: immediate

Database role: PHYSICAL_STANDBY

Management policy: AUTOMATIC

Database instance: jason

Disk Groups: DATA

Services:

Database is enabled

[[email protected] dbs]$

时间： 2024-10-12 09:26:52

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