Oozie的coordinator有啥用?
The Oozie Coordinator system allows the user to define and execute recurrent and interdependent workflow jobs (data application pipelines).
说白了就是可以把各个 workflow作业组织起来。比如,A作业执行完成之后,会有输出,该输出触发B作业的执行。那么 A B 这两个workflow作业就可以通过一个coordinator作业组织起来。
什么是coordinator作业?
Coordinator Job: A coordinator job
is an executable instance of a coordination definition. A job submission is
done by submitting a job configuration that resolves all parameters in the
application definition.
这说明coordinator作业也是需要配置相应的参数的。与提交workflow作业时配置 workflow.xml类似,coordinator作业也有一个名为coordinator.xml的配置文件。
什么是coordinator action?
Coordinator
Action: A coordinator action is a
workflow job that is started when a set of conditions are met (input dataset
instances are available).
coordinator action本质上是一个workflow 作业!
Coordinator
Application: A coordinator application
defines the conditions under which coordinator actions should be created (the
frequency) and when the actions can be started. The coordinator application
also defines a start and an end time. Normally, coordinator applications are
parameterized. A Coordinator application is written in XML.
coordinator application 负责管理各个coordinator action。有start time 和 end time,负责其中定义的action的起动与终止。
前面一直在纠结这个问题:oozie coordinator 作业如何配置???
现在记录如下:
Oozie提供的一个官方的关于定时作业配置文件,内容如下:
<coordinator-app name="cron-coord" frequency="${coord:minutes(10)}" start="${start}" end="${end}" timezone="UTC" xmlns="uri:oozie:coordinator:0.2"> <action> <workflow> <app-path>${workflowAppUri}</app-path> <configuration> <property> <name>jobTracker</name> <value>${jobTracker}</value> </property> <property> <name>nameNode</name> <value>${nameNode}</value> </property> </configuration> </workflow> </action> </coordinator-app>
从上面可以看出, frequency已经写死了,指定为每十分钟执行一次。其中启动时间和结束时间以变量的形式给出,如start="${start}" end="${end}"
这两个变量可以通过job.properties 文件或者在命令行提交时指定参数即可。此外,还可以通过HTTP POST请求的形式,带着相关的参数进行作业提交(Oozie 提供了WebService API。)
其实,frequency和 start、end 一样,也可以用变量来代替,这样就可以实现我前面帖子里面的问题了---定时提交作业,且只运行一次。
但是,需要注意的是 frequency的格式问题:它只能是 cron expression。否则就会报以下的错误:
Invalid
coordinator application attributes, parameter [frequency] = [10 * ? ?
?] must be an integer or a cron syntax. Parsing error For input string:
"10 * ? ? ?"
关于 cron expression可以参考Quartz,因为Oozie的定时功能是基于它实现的。
此外,我还碰到了一个这样的问题:
Coordinator job with frequency ‘10 * * * *‘ materializes no actions between start and end time.
从Oozie的源代码可以看出,抛出该异常的程序代码如下:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if (nextTime == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid coordinator cron frequency: " + coordJob.getFrequency());
}
if (!nextTime.before(coordJob.getEndTime())) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Coordinator job with frequency ‘" +
coordJob.getFrequency() + "‘ materializes no actions between start and end time.");
}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
这是因为我的start time 和 end time设置的不合理,下一次作业的运行时间在结束时间之前了,就会出现下面的错误。
Coordinator job with frequency ‘10 * * * *‘ materializes no actions between start and end time.
另外,相关的具体规则可参考Oozie官网文档