Oracle 自动化备份脚本

Oracle 日常RMAN备份脚本，很基础。但是对于多个需要备份的Oracle数据库，可以很简单实施，并利于后期批量状态的查询。

1. 备份脚本，基于linux，windows环境需要适当修改。
   主脚本，会调用2,3步骤的rman.sql&status.sql

   $ more main.sh
   #set env
   #########################Change the below parameter for the different server##################
   export host_ip=172.16.32.115
   export instance_name=liang
   export username=liang
   export password=liang
   export syspsw=oracle
   export backup_home=/home/oracle/bk
   export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
   export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/db_1/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
   #####################################################################################
   export curTime=$(date "+%Y%m%d")
   mkdir $backup_home/ftp/$curTime
   echo "-----------------------------RMAN start-----------------------------";date
   #backup start
   cd $backup_home
   $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target sys/[email protected]$host_ip:1521/$instance_name cmdfile=‘rman.sql‘
   echo "------------------------------RMAN End------------------------------";date
   sleep 10
   echo "------------------------------SQL Start------------------------------";date
   $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus $username/[email protected]$host_ip:1521/$instance_name @status.sql
   echo "------------------------------END-----------------------------";date

2. RMAN备份sql脚本

   [[email protected] bk]$ more rman.sql
   run
   {
   ALLOCATE CHANNEL node_c1 DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=5G;
   ALLOCATE CHANNEL node_c2 DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=5G;
   backup as compressed backupset database format ‘C:\ftp\uploadfile\db_%U.bak_%T‘;
   sql ‘alter system switch logfile‘;
   CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;
   backup as compressed backupset archivelog all format ‘C:\ftp\uploadfile\archivelog_%d_%s_%p_%T‘ not backed up 2 times;
   backup spfile format ‘C:\ftp\uploadfile\spfile_%U_%T‘;
   backup current controlfile format ‘C:\ftp\uploadfile\controlfile_%d_%s_%p_%I_%u_%T‘;
   sql ‘alter system switch logfile‘;
   CROSSCHECK BACKUP;
   CROSSCHECK COPY;
   delete noprompt archivelog all completed before ‘sysdate-7‘;
   release channel node_c1;
   release channel node_c2;
   }

3. 查询备份状态的脚本,并将查询信息打印到日志，方便查询。

   $ more status.sql
   ----每日归档产生量,可以判断数据库是否繁忙
   spool $backup_home/redo_switch.log;
   set echo off
   set feedback off
   set colsep ‘,‘
   set pagesize 2000
   set term off
   set heading off
   set line 400
   col Count for 9999
   col GB for 99999
   select
   d.dbid,
   to_char(trunc(completion_time),‘yyyy-mm-dd‘) as "Date"
   ,count(*) as "Count"
   ,substr((sum(blocks*block_size))/1024/1024/1024,0,4) as "GB"
   from v$archived_log,v$database d
   group by trunc(completion_time),d.dbid;
   spool off;
   ---查询表空间使用率
   spool $backup_home/tablepace_usage.log;
   set echo off
   set feedback off
   set colsep ‘,‘
   set pagesize 2000
   set term off
   set heading off
   set line 400
   col startup_time for a20
   col status for a6
   col tablespace_name for a20
   col total_mb for 99999999
   col used_mb for 99999999
   col used_pct for a10
   select
   d.dbid,
   to_char(b.STARTUP_TIME,‘yyyy-mm-dd-hh24-mi-ss‘) as startup_time,
   b.status,
   total.tablespace_name,
   round(total.MB, 2) as Total_MB,
   round(total.MB - free.MB, 2) as Used_MB,
   round((1 - free.MB / total.MB) * 100, 2) || ‘%‘ as Used_Pct
   from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 as MB
   from dba_free_space
   group by tablespace_name) free,
   (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 as MB
   from dba_data_files
   group by tablespace_name) total, v$instance b, v$database d
   where free.tablespace_name = total.tablespace_name;
   spool off;
   --- 查看近7天备份情况
   spool /home/oracle/bk/log/rman.log;
   set echo off
   set feedback off
   set colsep ‘,‘
   set pagesize 2000
   set term off
   set heading off
   set line 202000
   col DBID for 9999999999
   col status for a25
   col type for a12
   col  start_time for a22
   col  Finish_time for a22
   col in_sec for a12
   col out_sec for a12
   col command for a8
   col  INPUT_M for 99999
   col  OUTPUT_M for 99999
   col obj_type for a15
   select d.DBID as DBID,
   s.status as status,
   b.INPUT_TYPE as type,
   to_char(b.START_TIME,‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘) as start_time,
   to_char(b.end_time, ‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘) as  Finish_time,
   b.INPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC_DISPLAY in_sec,
   b.OUTPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC_DISPLAY out_sec,
   s.OPERATION as command,
   trunc(s.INPUT_BYTES/1024/1024,2) as INPUT_M,
   trunc(s.OUTPUT_BYTES/1024/1024,2) as OUTPUT_M,
   s.OBJECT_TYPE as obj_type
   from v$rman_status s,v$rman_backup_job_details b, v$database d
   where to_char(s.START_TIME, ‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘) < to_char(sysdate,‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘)
   and to_char(s.END_TIME, ‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘) > to_char(sysdate-7,‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss‘)
   and s.COMMAND_ID=b.COMMAND_ID
   order by s.START_TIME desc ;
   spool off;
   exit;

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/hsbxxl/2322690