oracle 行转列和列转行

 1 WITH L AS
 2  (SELECT LEVEL AS LV FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 9  ),
 3  m AS (
 4 SELECT A.LV AS LV_A,
 5        B.LV AS LV_B,
 6        TO_CHAR(B.LV) || ‘x‘ || TO_CHAR(A.LV) || ‘=‘ ||
 7        RPAD(TO_CHAR(A.LV * B.LV), 2, ‘ ‘) AS TEXT
 8   FROM L A, L B
 9  WHERE b.LV <= a.LV  )
10  SELECT listagg( m.text,‘ ‘) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY m.lv_b ) AS 九九表
11  FROM m
12  GROUP BY m.lv_a
13  ;

列转行 练习题；

 1 SELECT 部门,nvl(职员,0.00),nvl(推销员,0.00),nvl(董事长,0.00),nvl(总经理,0.00),nvl(分析员,0.00)
 2 FROM (
 3 SELECT
 4      to_char(a.deptno) AS 部门,
 5       MIN(DECODE(a.job,‘CLERK‘,a.avg_sal)) 职员,
 6       MIN(DECODE(a.job,‘SALESMAN‘,a.avg_sal)) 推销员,
 7       MIN(dECODE(a.job,‘PRESIDENT‘,a.avg_sal)) 董事长,
 8       MIN(DECODE(a.job,‘MANAGER‘,a.avg_sal)) 总经理,
 9       MIN(DECODE(a.job,‘ANALYST‘,a.avg_sal)) 分析员
10 FROM (
11 SELECT
12       e.deptno ,
13       e.job,
14       ROUND (AVG(sal),5) avg_sal
15 FROM emp e
16 GROUP BY e.job,e.deptno
17 ORDER BY e.deptno
18 ) a
19 GROUP BY a.deptno
20 ORDER BY a.deptno
21 )
22 UNION ALL
23 SELECT 部门,nvl(职员,0.00),nvl(推销员,0.00),nvl(董事长,0.00),nvl(总经理,0.00),nvl(分析员,0.00)
24  FROM(
25 SELECT
26         ‘职位总和‘ AS 部门,
27         max(sum(DECODE(job,‘CLERK‘,sal))) AS 职员,
28         max(sum(DECODE(job,‘SALESMAN‘,sal))) AS 推销员,
29         max(sum(DECODE(job,‘PRESIDENT‘,sal))) AS 董事长,
30         max(sum(DECODE(job,‘MANAGER‘,sal))) AS 总经理,
31        max( sum(DECODE(job,‘ANALYST‘,sal))) AS 分析员
32 FROM emp
33 GROUP BY job
34
35 )
36 UNION ALL
37 SELECT 部门,nvl(职员,0.00),nvl(推销员,0.00),nvl(董事长,0.00),nvl(总经理,0.00),nvl(分析员,0.00)
38  FROM(
39 SELECT
40         ‘平均值‘ AS 部门,
41         min(DECODE(job,‘CLERK‘,ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 职员,
42         min(DECODE(job,‘SALESMAN‘,ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 推销员,
43         min(DECODE(job,‘PRESIDENT‘,ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 董事长,
44         min(DECODE(job,‘MANAGER‘,ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 总经理,
45         min(DECODE(job,‘ANALYST‘,ROUND (AVG(sal),5))) AS 分析员
46 FROM emp
47 GROUP BY job
48
49 );

上例题的简化版 ：

 1 /*
 2 1.先用使用decode()进行行转列查出基础数据作为A表！ ; ;
 3 2.B表对A表中的数据进行汇总然后进行合并;
 4 */
 5 WITH a AS (
 6 SELECT
 7       to_char(deptno)                    AS deptno  ,
 8       SUM(DECODE(job,‘ANALYST‘,sal,0))   AS ANALYST,
 9       SUM(DECODE(job,‘CLERK‘,sal,0))     AS  CLERK,
10       SUM(DECODE(job,‘MANAGER‘,sal,0))   AS MANAGER,
11       SUM(DECODE(job,‘PRESIDENT‘,sal,0)) AS  PRESIDENT,
12       SUM(DECODE(job,‘SALESMAN‘,sal,0))  AS SALESMAN ,
13       SUM(sal) AS  总和
14 FROM  scott.EMP
15 GROUP BY deptno
16 ORDER BY 1 ),
17 b AS (
18 SELECT ‘总和‘,
19        sum(ANALYST),
20        sum(CLERK),
21        sum(MANAGER),
22        sum(PRESIDENT),
23        sum(SALESMAN) ,
24        SUM(总和) FROM a )
25 SELECT * FROM a
26 UNION ALL
27 SELECT * FROM b ;