Spring提供了非常好用的JavaMailSender接口实现邮件发送。在Spring Boot中也提供了相应的自动化配置。
这篇文章主要讲如何在Spring Boot中使用JavaMailSender发送邮件。
发送邮件
1,在pom.xml中引入spring-boot-starter-mail依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency>
2,在application.properties中配置相应的属性:(我这里模拟的是163邮箱给QQ邮箱发送邮件)
spring.mail.host=smtp.163.com spring.mail.username=邮箱用户名 so****@163.com spring.mail.password=邮箱密码 spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8
3,写发送邮件的测试类
import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @RequestMapping("/mail") public class MailController { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Autowired private JavaMailSender mailSender; @RequestMapping("/send") public void sendMail(){ SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage(); message.setFrom("so****@163.com"); message.setTo("239****@qq.com"); message.setSubject("it is a test for spring boot"); message.setText("你好,我是小黄,我正在测试发送邮件。"); try { mailSender.send(message); logger.info("小黄的测试邮件已发送。"); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("小黄发送邮件时发生异常了!", e); } } }
4,运行启动类
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration; @SpringBootApplication(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class}) @EnableAutoConfiguration @MapperScan("cn.yideng.*.dao") public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } }
5,浏览器运行 http://localhost:8080/mail/send
6,登录163邮箱,在发送箱里查看
7,登录QQ邮箱,在收件箱里查看,如下图
可以看出Spring Boot的starter模块提供了自动化配置,在引入了spring-boot-starter-mail依赖之后,会根据配置文件中的内容去创建JavaMailSender实例,因此我们可以直接在需要使用的地方直接@Autowired来引入 JavaMailSender 邮件发送对象。
当然在实际使用过程中,不会这么简单,我们可能会要求带上附件、或使用邮件模块等。这时我们就需要使用MimeMessage来设置更复杂的右键内容,下面就来看看怎么实现它。
发送带附件的邮件
测试类 : 还是模拟 163邮箱 给QQ邮箱发送邮件
import java.io.File; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * 发送有附件的邮件 * */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/mail") public class AttachmentsMailController { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Autowired private JavaMailSender mailSender; @RequestMapping("/att") public void sendMail() throws MessagingException{ MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true); helper.setFrom("so****@163.com"); helper.setTo("239****@qq.com"); helper.setSubject("主题:发送有附件的邮件"); helper.setText("你好,我是小黄,我正在测试发送一封有附件的邮件。"); FileSystemResource file1 = new FileSystemResource(new File("d:\\cat.jpg")); FileSystemResource file2 = new FileSystemResource(new File("d:\\java-1.jpg")); helper.addAttachment("附件-1.jpg", file1); helper.addAttachment("附件-2.jpg", file2); try { mailSender.send(mimeMessage); logger.info("小黄的测试带附件的邮件已发送。"); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("小黄发送带附件邮件时发生异常了!", e); } } }
2,需要 在D盘下准备两张图片cat.jpg java-1.jpg,
3,浏览器运行 http://localhost:8080/mail/att
4,登录163邮箱,在发送箱里查看,如下图
5,登录QQ邮箱,在收件箱里查看,如下图
嵌入静态资源的邮件
还有一种是通过嵌入图片等静态资源,可以直接看到图片,而不用从附近中查看具体的图片,来看看吧。
测试类:
import java.io.File; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * 嵌入静态资源 */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/mail") public class StaticResourceMailController { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Autowired private JavaMailSender mailSender; @RequestMapping("/static") public void sendMail() throws MessagingException{ MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true); helper.setFrom("so****@163.com"); helper.setTo("239****@qq.com"); helper.setSubject("主题:嵌入静态资源"); helper.setText("<html><body><img src=\"cid:hello\" ></body></html>", true); // 注意addInline()中资源名称 hello 必须与 text正文中cid:hello对应起来 FileSystemResource file1 = new FileSystemResource(new File("d:\\cat.jpg")); helper.addInline("hello", file1); try { mailSender.send(mimeMessage); logger.info("小黄的测试嵌入静态资源的邮件已发送。"); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("小黄发送嵌入静态资源的邮件时发生异常了!", e); } } }
要特别注意addInline()中资源名称 hello 必须与 text正文中cid:hello对应。
2,需要 在D盘下准备两张图片cat.jpg
3,浏览器运行 http://localhost:8080/mail/static
4,登录163邮箱,在发送箱里查看,如下图
5,登录QQ邮箱,在收件箱里查看,如下图
好了,Spring Boot使用JavaMailSender发送邮件就到这里了。
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wxc-xiaohuang/p/9532631.html