一、单机部署HADOOP：（非分布式）
1、环境准备
（1）虚拟内存
dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1M count=2048
mkswap swap
swapon swap
chmod 0600 swap
（2）本地解析文件
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.100.1 server
2、安装HADOOP，配置JAVA环境
yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel -y
tar zxvf hadoop-3.1.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
ln -s hadoop-3.1.2/ hadoop
vim /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/hadoop/bin:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.161-2.b14.el7.x86_64
source /etc/profile
3、测试
hadoop version
cd /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce
hadoop jar hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.1.2.jar pi 2 10000000000
二、单机部署HADOOP：（伪分布式）
1、SSH免密登录
ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id -i id_rsa.pub 192.168.100.1
2、配置HDFS
vim hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.161-2.b14.el7.x86_64
export HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
export HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
export HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root
export YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
export YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root
vim core-site.xml
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.default.name</name>
<value>hdfs://server:9000</value>
</property>
vim hdfs-site.xml
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
hadoop namenode -format
start-dfs.sh&stop-dfs.sh
hadoop dfsadmin -report
3、配置MAPREDUCE
vim mapred-site.xml
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.job.tracker</name>
<value>hdfs://server:8001</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.application.classpath</name>
<value>
/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop,
/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/,
/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/,
/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/hdfs/,
/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/,
/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/,
/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/,
/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/yarn/,
/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/
</value>
</property>
4、配置YARN
vim yarn-site.xml
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>server</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
5、启动并测试
start-all.sh&stop-all.sh
hadoop jar hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.1.2.jar pi 2 10
web访问HDFS：http://192.168.100.1:9870
web访问MAPREDUCE:http://192.168.100.1:8088
原文地址：https://blog.51cto.com/72932/2357076