C++复合类型（结构体）

其实c++的结构体可以理解为类似于python的字典，我个人理解， 但有区别

先看结构

#include <iostream>
关键字          标记成为新类型的名称
struct          inflatable
{
    std::string mystr;                   结构成员
    char name[20];
    float volume;
    double price;
};

c++ 在声明结构变量的时候可以省略关键字struct

同时还要注意外部声明， 和局部声明

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>

struct inflatable
{
    std::string mystr;
    char name[20];
    float volume;
    double price;
};

int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
  using namespace std;

  inflatable guest = {
    "hello",
    "Glorious Gloria",
    1.88,
    29.99
  };
  inflatable pal = {
    "world",
    "Audacious Arthur",
    3.12,
    32.99
  };
  int a=12.40;
  std::cout << guest.mystr << ‘\n‘;
  std::cout << a << ‘\n‘;
  std::cout << "Expand your guest list with <<" << guest.name << ">>"
            << "and" << "<<" << pal.name << ">>" << ‘\n‘;
  std::cout << "you can have both for $" << guest.price + pal.price <<‘\n‘;

  return 0;
}

其他结构属性

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>

struct inflatable
{
    std::string mystr;
    char name[20];
    float volume;
    double price;
};

int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
  using namespace std;
  inflatable guest = {
    "hello",
    "Glorious Gloria",
    1.88,
    29.99
  };
  inflatable choice = guest;   这种方法叫成员赋值或者

inflatable choice;
choice = guest;

  std::cout << "Expand your guest list with <<" << guest.name << ">>" << ‘\n‘;
  std::cout << "choice choice.mystr ---->" << choice.mystr << ‘\n‘;
  return 0;
}

还可以

struct inflatable
{
    std::string mystr;
    char name[20];
    float volume;
    double price;
} mr_glitz = {"hello", "Glorious", 1.11, 11};当然，也可以不赋值

结构数组

也可以创建元素为结构的数组， 方法和创建基本类型数组完全相同。例如：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>

struct inflatable
{
    std::string mystr;
    char name[20];
    float volume;
    double price;
} mr_glitz = {"hello", "Glorious", 1.11, 11};

int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
  using namespace std;

  inflatable guests[2] = {
    {"hello", "doman", 2.1, 2.22},
    // {"world", "corleone", 2.2, 3333}
  };
  std::cout << "guests[0].mystr: " << guests[0].mystr << ‘\n‘;
  std::cout << "guests[1].name: " << guests[1].name << ‘\n‘;

  return 0;
}

结构中的位字段

struct torgle_register
{
  unsigned int SN :  4;
  unsigned int :4;
  bool goodIN : 1;
  bool goodTorgle : 1;
}

torgle_register tr = {14, true, false};