四、N—N关联关系
1.1单向N-N的关联
单向的N-N关联和1-N关联的持久化类完全一样,控制关系的一端需要增加一个set集合属性,被关联的持久化实例以集合的形式存在。
N-N关联必须使用连接表,N-N关联与有连接表的1-N关联非常相似,只需要去掉<many-to-many.../>元素的unique="true"即可。其他的配置和1-N关联一样。
由于与1-N关联非常相似,这里就不演示了。
1.2双向N-N的关联
对于双向的N-N关联,我们只需要转换为两个1-N关联模型即可。双向N-N关联两端都需要使用set集合属性,两端都增加对集合属性的访问。双向N-N同样必须使用连接表来建立两个实体之间的关联关系。
以学生、老师为例:下面为两个实体的持久化类:
Student
[java] view
plain copy
- public class Student {
- private Integer id;
- private String name;
- private Set<Teacher> teachers;
- public Integer getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Integer id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public Set<Teacher> getTeachers() {
- return teachers;
- }
- public void setTeachers(Set<Teacher> teachers) {
- this.teachers = teachers;
- }
- }
Teacher
[java] view
plain copy
- public class Teacher {
- private Integer id;
- private String name;
- private Set<Student> students;
- public Integer getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Integer id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public Set<Student> getStudents() {
- return students;
- }
- public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {
- this.students = students;
- }
- }
双向N-N关联的映射文件需要使用<set.../>元素,用以映射集合属性。<set.../>属性还需要增加<key.../>子元素来映射外键列,同时还应该增加<many-to-many.../>子元素来映射关联实体类。两个映射文件如下:
Student.hbm.xml
[html] view
plain copy
- <hibernate-mapping package="com.hibernate.domain">
- <class name="Student" table="student">
- <id name="id" column="student_id">
- <generator class="native" />
- </id>
- <property name="name" column="student_name" />
- <!-- 映射N-N关联实体,两边的table应该以样 -->
- <set name="teachers" table="student_teacher">
- <!-- 映射关联的外键 列-->
- <key column="student_id" />
- <!-- 映射关联类属性 -->
- <many-to-many class="Teacher" column="teacher_id" />
- </set>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
Teacher.hbm.xml
[html] view
plain copy
- <hibernate-mapping package="com.hibernate.domain">
- <class name="Teacher" table="teacher">
- <id name="id" column="teacher_id">
- <generator class="native" />
- </id>
- <property name="name" column="teacher_name" />
- <!-- 映射N-N关联实体,两边的table应该以样 -->
- <set name="students" table="student_teacher">
- <!-- 映射关联的外键 列-->
- <key column="teacher_id" />
- <!-- 映射关联类属性 -->
- <many-to-many class="Student" column="student_id"></many-to-many>
- </set>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
双向N-N关联的双边都需要指定连接表的表名,外键列的列名,所以两个<set.../>元素的table属性的值必须指定且一样。<set.../>元素的两个子元素:<key../>、<many-to-many.../>都必须指定column属性。<key.../>和<many-to-many.../>分别是指定本持久化类、关联类在连接表中的外键列。因此两边的<key.../>和<many-to-many.../>的column属性的值应该是交叉相等。
通过下面的操作类来添加两个Student对象和两个Teacher对象
[java] view
plain copy
- static void add(){
- Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
- Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
- Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher();
- teacher1.setName("teacher1");
- Teacher teacher2 = new Teacher();
- teacher2.setName("teacher2");
- Student student1 = new Student();
- student1.setName("student1");
- Student student2 = new Student();
- student2.setName("student2");
- //建立两者之间的关系
- Set<Student> ss = new HashSet<Student>();
- ss.add(student1);
- ss.add(student2);
- teacher1.setStudents(ss);
- teacher2.setStudents(ss);
- session.save(teacher1);
- session.save(teacher2);
- session.save(student1);
- session.save(student2);
- tx.commit();
- session.close();
- }
注意:这里只能由一边建立关联关系,就是说只能由Student对象建立与Teacher对象的关联或者由Teachert对象建立与Student对象的关联。否则将会出现主键重复错误