安装mysql之前 我想告诉你
在Linux内核当中运行一个进程 一定是以某用户的身份进行运行的
今天 Mysql就是如此 不管 以后是什么服务 都是一样的......
运行环境如下: 非常纯净的系统 什么都没有安装
CentOS 6.4
mysql-5.1.72
检查结果：
[[email protected] tools]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.4 (Final) [[email protected] tools]# uname -r 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 [[email protected] tools]# ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2F:59:28 inet addr:172.16.30.11 Bcast:172.16.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2f:5928/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:368 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:277 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:34526 (33.7 KiB) TX bytes:37299 (36.4 KiB) [[email protected] tools]# hostname LAMP
1.添加一个系统用户 不创建家目录 不允许用户登录 只是用户运行 mysql这个进程使用
[[email protected] tools]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql [[email protected] tools]# id mysql uid=498(mysql) gid=498(mysql) groups=498(mysql) [[email protected] tools]# tail -1 /etc/passwd mysql:x:498:498::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin
2.解压 mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz 软件
[[email protected] tools]# pwd /root/tools [[email protected] tools]# ll total 31024 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 133591 May 16 14:14 cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7583841 Jul 17 2015 httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 24044338 May 16 20:34 mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz [[email protected] tools]# tar xf mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz
3.检查配置
./configure \
--prefix=/application/mysql5.1.72 \
--with-unix-socket-path=/application/mysql5.1.72/tmp/mysql.sock \
--localstatedir=/application/mysql5.1.72/data \
--enable-assembler \
--enable-thread-safe-client \
--with-mysqld-user=mysql \
--with-big-tables \
--without-debug \
--with-pthread \
--with-extra-charsets=complex \
--with-readline \
--with-ssl \
--with-embedded-server \
--with-local-infile \
--with-plugins=partition,innobase \
--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static \
--with-client-ldflags=-all-static
./configure --prefix=/application/mysql5.1.72 --with-unix-socket-path=/application/mysql5.1.72/tmp/mysql.sock --localstatedir=/application/mysql5.1.72/data --enable-assembler --enable-thread-safe-client --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-big-tables --without-debug --with-pthread --with-extra-charsets=complex --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --with-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-client-ldflags=-all-static
可能会遇到的问题 curses包未安装
解决方案是采用 yum 进行安装
yum install ncurses-devel -y
完成上面的包装之后 再进行 ./configure配置检查一下 就可以.....
4.编译 并进行安装
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.72]# echo $? //打印上一条命令是否有错误 0代表成功 0 [[email protected] mysql-5.1.72]# make && make install //编译 并 安装
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下面进行初始化配置 MySQL数据
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5.把源程序目录下面
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.72]# pwd /root/tools/mysql-5.1.72 [[email protected] mysql-5.1.72]# \cp support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
6.创建一个软链接
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.72]# ln -s /application/mysql5.1.72/ /application/mysql
7.创建一个目录存放数据库文件
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.72]# mkdir /application/mysql/data -p [[email protected] mysql-5.1.72]# ll -ld /application/mysql/data/ drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 17 18:42 /application/mysql/data/
8.修改 /application/mysql 目录权限 因为我们要指定用户 mysql初始化
所以 mysql得要有所有管理权
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.72]# chown -R mysql:mysql /application/mysql
9.进入初始化
/application/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db \
--basedir=/application/mysql \
--datadir=/application/mysql/data \
--user=mysql
/application/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data --user=mysql
10.将support-files/mysql.server文件复制到 /etc/init.d/mysqld
做为系统服务启动
[[email protected] support-files]# pwd /root/tools/mysql-5.1.72/support-files [[email protected] support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [[email protected] support-files]# [[email protected] support-files]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld
11.出于安全考虑 我们应该把 /application/mysql 的权限还给 root
再把 /application/mysql/data 这个目录设置成 mysql管理权
[[email protected] support-files]# chown -R root:root /application/mysql [[email protected] support-files]# chown -R mysql:mysql /application/mysql/data/
12.启动吧.........
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [[email protected] ~]# lsof -i:3306 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mysqld 19223 mysql 10u IPv4 103134 0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
13.后续工作
将 /etc/init.d/mysql start 开机自启动
将 /application/mysql/bin 放到环境变量当中去
[[email protected] ~]# echo "/etc/init.d/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.local [[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/profile.d/ [[email protected] profile.d]# touch mysql.sh [[email protected] profile.d]# vi mysql.sh
[[email protected] profile.d]# source mysql.sh 让mysql.sh里面的环境变量生效
14.测试一下
[[email protected] ~]# mysql //直接在命令行敲 mysql就可以进入管理.... Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.1.72 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | test | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
恭喜你 你已经学会安装 Mysql了
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