MongoDB之DBref(关联插入,查询,删除) 实例深入

MongoDB之DBref(关联插入,查询,删除) 实例深入

如图所示，A,B,C三个Collection互相关联。 其中的数字为document的value值。

关于DBref的入门可以看http://blog.csdn.net/crazyjixiang/article/details/6616678这篇文章。

我们先建立A collection。

Cpp代码

1. > var a={value:"1"}
2. > var b={value:"2"}
3. > var c={value:"9"}
4. > var d={value:"10"}
5. > db.A.save(a)
6. > db.A.save(b)
7. > db.A.save(c)
8. > db.A.save(d)
9. > db.A.find()
10. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33ab6266b5845052c02b"), "value" : "1" }
11. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"), "value" : "2" }
12. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33e06266b5845052c02d"), "value" : "9" }
13. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33e26266b5845052c02e"), "value" : "10" }

> var a={value:"1"}
> var b={value:"2"}
> var c={value:"9"}
> var d={value:"10"}
> db.A.save(a)
> db.A.save(b)
> db.A.save(c)
> db.A.save(d)
> db.A.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33ab6266b5845052c02b"), "value" : "1" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"), "value" : "2" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33e06266b5845052c02d"), "value" : "9" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33e26266b5845052c02e"), "value" : "10" } B collection以A collection的 _id为ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c")作为Apid

所以：

Cpp代码

1. > var Ba={Apid:[new DBRef(‘A‘,ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"))],value:3}
2. > db.B.save(Ba)
3. > var Ba={Apid:[new DBRef(‘A‘,ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"))],value:4}
4. > db.B.insert(Ba)
5. > var Ba={Apid:[new DBRef(‘A‘,ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"))],value:7}
6. > db.B.insert(Ba)
7. > var Ba={Apid:[new DBRef(‘A‘,ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"))],value:8}
8. > db.B.insert(Ba)
9. > db.B.find()
10. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f3dd96266b5845052c035"), "Apid" : [ { "$ref" : "A", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c") } ], "value" : 3 }
11. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036"), "Apid" : [ { "$ref" : "A", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c") } ], "value" : 4 }
12. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f3dec6266b5845052c037"), "Apid" : [ { "$ref" : "A", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c") } ], "value" : 7 }
13. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f3df06266b5845052c038"), "Apid" : [ { "$ref" : "A", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c") } ], "value" : 8 }

> var Ba={Apid:[new DBRef(‘A‘,ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"))],value:3}
> db.B.save(Ba)
> var Ba={Apid:[new DBRef(‘A‘,ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"))],value:4}
> db.B.insert(Ba)
> var Ba={Apid:[new DBRef(‘A‘,ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"))],value:7}
> db.B.insert(Ba)
> var Ba={Apid:[new DBRef(‘A‘,ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"))],value:8}
> db.B.insert(Ba)
> db.B.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f3dd96266b5845052c035"), "Apid" : [ { "$ref" : "A", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c") } ], "value" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036"), "Apid" : [ { "$ref" : "A", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c") } ], "value" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f3dec6266b5845052c037"), "Apid" : [ { "$ref" : "A", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c") } ], "value" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f3df06266b5845052c038"), "Apid" : [ { "$ref" : "A", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c") } ], "value" : 8 }

C collection以B collection的 _id为ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036") 作为Apid

Cpp代码

1. > var Ca={Bpid:[new DBRef(‘B‘,ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036"))],value:5}
2. > db.C.save(Ca)
3. > var Ca={Bpid:[new DBRef(‘B‘,ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036"))],value:6}
4. > db.C.save(Ca)
5. > db.C.find()
6. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f42f36266b5845052c03d"), "Bpid" : [ { "$ref" : "B", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036") } ], "value" : 5 }
7. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f42f96266b5845052c03e"), "Bpid" : [ { "$ref" : "B", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036") } ], "value" : 6 }

> var Ca={Bpid:[new DBRef(‘B‘,ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036"))],value:5}
> db.C.save(Ca)
> var Ca={Bpid:[new DBRef(‘B‘,ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036"))],value:6}
> db.C.save(Ca)
> db.C.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f42f36266b5845052c03d"), "Bpid" : [ { "$ref" : "B", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036") } ], "value" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f42f96266b5845052c03e"), "Bpid" : [ { "$ref" : "B", "$id" : ObjectId("4e3f3de16266b5845052c036") } ], "value" : 6 }

目前为止3个collection 的关系已经建成。

查询

Cpp代码

1. <span style="font-size: 16px;">> var a = db.B.findOne({"value":4})
2. > a.Apid.forEach(function(ref){printjson(db[ref.$ref].findOne({"_id":ref.$id}));})
3. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"), "value" : "2" }</span>

<span style="font-size: 16px;">> var a = db.B.findOne({"value":4})
> a.Apid.forEach(function(ref){printjson(db[ref.$ref].findOne({"_id":ref.$id}));})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"), "value" : "2" }</span>

Cpp代码

1. > db.A.findOne({"_id":db.B.findOne().Apid[0].$id})
2. { "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"), "value" : "2" }

> db.A.findOne({"_id":db.B.findOne().Apid[0].$id})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e3f33de6266b5845052c02c"), "value" : "2" }

其实好好想想引用不是必须的。
MongoDB 权威指南说了这么一句：

In short,the best time to use DBRefs are when you‘re storing heterogeneous references to documents in different collections.like when you want to take advantage of some additional DBRef-specific functionality in a driver or tool.