Spring AOP的面向切面编程，是面向对象编程的一种补充，用于处理系统中分布的各个模块的横切关注点，比如说事务管理、日志、缓存等。它是使用动态代理实现的，在内存中临时为方法生成一个AOP对象，这个对象包含目标对象的所有方法，在特定的切点做了增强处理，并回调原来的方法。
Spring AOP的动态代理主要有两种方式实现，JDK动态代理和cglib动态代理。JDK动态代理通过反射来接收被代理的类，但是被代理的类必须实现接口，核心是InvocationHandler和Proxy类。cglib动态代理的类一般是没有实现接口的类，cglib是一个代码生成的类库，可以在运行时动态生成某个类的子类，所以，CGLIB是通过继承的方式做的动态代理，因此如果某个类被标记为final，那么它是无法使用CGLIB做动态代理的。
AOP实现中，可以看到三个主要的步骤，一个是代理对象的生成，然后是拦截器的作用，然后是Aspect编织的实现。
ProxyFactoryBean生成AopProxy
ProxyFactoryBean生成AOP proxy
1 /**
2 * Return a proxy. Invoked when clients obtain beans from this factory bean.
3 * Create an instance of the AOP proxy to be returned by this factory.
4 * The instance will be cached for a singleton, and create on each call to
5 * <code>getObject()</code> for a proxy.
6 * @return a fresh AOP proxy reflecting the current state of this factory
7 */
8 public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
9 initializeAdvisorChain();
10 if (isSingleton()) {
11 return getSingletonInstance();
12 }
13 else {
14 if (this.targetName == null) {
15 logger.warn("Using non-singleton proxies with singleton targets is often undesirable. " +
16 "Enable prototype proxies by setting the ‘targetName‘ property.");
17 }
18 return newPrototypeInstance();
19 }
20 }
初始化Advisor chain
1 /**
2 * Create the advisor (interceptor) chain. Aadvisors that are sourced
3 * from a BeanFactory will be refreshed each time a new prototype instance
4 * is added. Interceptors added programmatically through the factory API
5 * are unaffected by such changes.
6 */
7 private synchronized void initializeAdvisorChain() throws AopConfigException, BeansException {
8 if (this.advisorChainInitialized) {
9 return;
10 }
11
12 if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(this.interceptorNames)) {
13 if (this.beanFactory == null) {
14 throw new IllegalStateException("No BeanFactory available anymore (probably due to serialization) " +
15 "- cannot resolve interceptor names " + Arrays.asList(this.interceptorNames));
16 }
17
18 // Globals can‘t be last unless we specified a targetSource using the property...
19 if (this.interceptorNames[this.interceptorNames.length - 1].endsWith(GLOBAL_SUFFIX) &&
20 this.targetName == null && this.targetSource == EMPTY_TARGET_SOURCE) {
21 throw new AopConfigException("Target required after globals");
22 }
23
24 // Materialize interceptor chain from bean names.
25 for (int i = 0; i < this.interceptorNames.length; i++) {
26 String name = this.interceptorNames[i];
27 if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
28 logger.trace("Configuring advisor or advice ‘" + name + "‘");
29 }
30
31 if (name.endsWith(GLOBAL_SUFFIX)) {
32 if (!(this.beanFactory instanceof ListableBeanFactory)) {
33 throw new AopConfigException(
34 "Can only use global advisors or interceptors with a ListableBeanFactory");
35 }
36 addGlobalAdvisor((ListableBeanFactory) this.beanFactory,
37 name.substring(0, name.length() - GLOBAL_SUFFIX.length()));
38 }
39
40 else {
41 // If we get here, we need to add a named interceptor.
42 // We must check if it‘s a singleton or prototype.
43 Object advice = null;
44 if (this.singleton || this.beanFactory.isSingleton(this.interceptorNames[i])) {
45 // Add the real Advisor/Advice to the chain.
46 advice = this.beanFactory.getBean(this.interceptorNames[i]);
47 }
48 else {
49 // It‘s a prototype Advice or Advisor: replace with a prototype.
50 // Avoid unnecessary creation of prototype bean just for advisor chain initialization.
51 advice = new PrototypePlaceholderAdvisor(this.interceptorNames[i]);
52 }
53 addAdvisorOnChainCreation(advice, this.interceptorNames[i]);
54 }
55 }
56 }
57
58 this.advisorChainInitialized = true;
59 }
增加advisor chain（AdvisedSupport.java）
1 private void addAdvisorInternal(int pos, Advisor advisor) throws AopConfigException {
2 Assert.notNull(advisor, "Advisor must not be null");
3 if (isFrozen()) {
4 throw new AopConfigException("Cannot add advisor: Configuration is frozen.");
5 }
6 if (pos > this.advisors.size()) {
7 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
8 "Illegal position " + pos + " in advisor list with size " + this.advisors.size());
9 }
10 this.advisors.add(pos, advisor);
11 updateAdvisorArray();
12 adviceChanged();
13 }
Spring AOP中拦截器链
1.开始步骤--获取AopProxy主流程
ProxyCreatorSupport.java
/**
* Subclasses should call this to get a new AOP proxy. They should <b>not</b>
* create an AOP proxy with <code>this</code> as an argument.
*/
protected final synchronized AopProxy createAopProxy() {
if (!this.active) {
activate();
}
return getAopProxyFactory().createAopProxy(this);
}
2.获取AopProxy实现 --DefaultAopProxyFactory.java
ProxyFactoryBean类继承了AdvisedSupport类，后者继承了ProxyConfig类并定义了操作advisor 和interceptor的接口，以支持AOP。当BeanFactory实例化ProxyFactoryBean时，根据配置文件的定义将关于 advice，pointcut，advisor，所代理的接口和接口实现类的所有信息传给ProxyFactoryBean。
当客户程序调用BeanFactory的getBean方法时，ProxyFactory使用JdkDynamicAopProxy实例化 BeanImpl类，并用JdkDynamicAopProxy的invoke方法执行advice。至于执行advice的时机，由 ProxyFactoryBean调用RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor进行判断。
public AopProxy createAopProxy(AdvisedSupport config) throws AopConfigException {
if (config.isOptimize() || config.isProxyTargetClass() || hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(config)) {
Class targetClass = config.getTargetClass();
if (targetClass == null) {
throw new AopConfigException("TargetSource cannot determine target class: " +
"Either an interface or a target is required for proxy creation.");
}
if (targetClass.isInterface()) {
return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
}
if (!cglibAvailable) {
throw new AopConfigException(
"Cannot proxy target class because CGLIB2 is not available. " +
"Add CGLIB to the class path or specify proxy interfaces.");
}
return CglibProxyFactory.createCglibProxy(config);
}
else {
return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
}
}
3.获取AopProxy的执行路径
public Object getProxy(ClassLoader classLoader) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating JDK dynamic proxy: target source is " + this.advised.getTargetSource());
}
Class[] proxiedInterfaces = AopProxyUtils.completeProxiedInterfaces(this.advised);
findDefinedEqualsAndHashCodeMethods(proxiedInterfaces);
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(classLoader, proxiedInterfaces, this);
}
4.激发拦截器链主过程
1 /**
2 * Implementation of <code>InvocationHandler.invoke</code>.
3 * <p>Callers will see exactly the exception thrown by the target,
4 * unless a hook method throws an exception.
5 */
6 public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
7 MethodInvocation invocation = null;
8 Object oldProxy = null;
9 boolean setProxyContext = false;
10
11 TargetSource targetSource = this.advised.targetSource;
12 Class targetClass = null;
13 Object target = null;
14
15 try {
16 if (!this.equalsDefined && AopUtils.isEqualsMethod(method)) {
17 // The target does not implement the equals(Object) method itself.
18 return (equals(args[0]) ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
19 }
20 if (!this.hashCodeDefined && AopUtils.isHashCodeMethod(method)) {
21 // The target does not implement the hashCode() method itself.
22 return new Integer(hashCode());
23 }
24 if (!this.advised.opaque && method.getDeclaringClass().isInterface() &&
25 method.getDeclaringClass().isAssignableFrom(Advised.class)) {
26 // Service invocations on ProxyConfig with the proxy config...
27 return AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(this.advised, method, args);
28 }
29
30 Object retVal = null;
31
32 if (this.advised.exposeProxy) {
33 // Make invocation available if necessary.
34 oldProxy = AopContext.setCurrentProxy(proxy);
35 setProxyContext = true;
36 }
37
38 // May be <code>null</code>. Get as late as possible to minimize the time we "own" the target,
39 // in case it comes from a pool.
40 target = targetSource.getTarget();
41 if (target != null) {
42 targetClass = target.getClass();
43 }
44
45 // Get the interception chain for this method.
46 List chain = this.advised.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(method, targetClass);
47
48 // Check whether we have any advice. If we don‘t, we can fallback on direct
49 // reflective invocation of the target, and avoid creating a MethodInvocation.
50 if (chain.isEmpty()) {
51 // We can skip creating a MethodInvocation: just invoke the target directly
52 // Note that the final invoker must be an InvokerInterceptor so we know it does
53 // nothing but a reflective operation on the target, and no hot swapping or fancy proxying.
54 retVal = AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(target, method, args);
55 }
56 else {
57 // We need to create a method invocation...
58 invocation = new ReflectiveMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain);
59 // Proceed to the joinpoint through the interceptor chain.
60 retVal = invocation.proceed();
61 }
62
63 // Massage return value if necessary.
64 if (retVal != null && retVal == target && method.getReturnType().isInstance(proxy) &&
65 !RawTargetAccess.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
66 // Special case: it returned "this" and the return type of the method
67 // is type-compatible. Note that we can‘t help if the target sets
68 // a reference to itself in another returned object.
69 retVal = proxy;
70 }
71 return retVal;
72 }
73 finally {
74 if (target != null && !targetSource.isStatic()) {
75 // Must have come from TargetSource.
76 targetSource.releaseTarget(target);
77 }
78 if (setProxyContext) {
79 // Restore old proxy.
80 AopContext.setCurrentProxy(oldProxy);
81 }
82 }
83 }
5.获取拦截器链DefaultAdvisorChainFactory.java
public List getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(Advised config, Method method, Class targetClass) {
// This is somewhat tricky... we have to process introductions first,
// but we need to preserve order in the ultimate list.
List interceptorList = new ArrayList(config.getAdvisors().length);
boolean hasIntroductions = hasMatchingIntroductions(config, targetClass);
AdvisorAdapterRegistry registry = GlobalAdvisorAdapterRegistry.getInstance();
Advisor[] advisors = config.getAdvisors();
for (int i = 0; i < advisors.length; i++) {
Advisor advisor = advisors[i];
if (advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor) {
// Add it conditionally.
PointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor = (PointcutAdvisor) advisor;
if (config.isPreFiltered() || pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut().getClassFilter().matches(targetClass)) {
MethodInterceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
MethodMatcher mm = pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut().getMethodMatcher();
if (MethodMatchers.matches(mm, method, targetClass, hasIntroductions)) {
if (mm.isRuntime()) {
// Creating a new object instance in the getInterceptors() method
// isn‘t a problem as we normally cache created chains.
for (int j = 0; j < interceptors.length; j++) {
interceptorList.add(new InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher(interceptors[j], mm));
}
}
else {
interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
}
}
}
}
else if (advisor instanceof IntroductionAdvisor) {
IntroductionAdvisor ia = (IntroductionAdvisor) advisor;
if (config.isPreFiltered() || ia.getClassFilter().matches(targetClass)) {
Interceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
}
}
else {
Interceptor[] interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor);
interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors));
}
}
return interceptorList;
}
6.激发拦截链工作实现 ---ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java
public Object proceed() throws Throwable {
// We start with an index of -1 and increment early.
if (this.currentInterceptorIndex == this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.size() - 1) {
return invokeJoinpoint();
}
Object interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice =
this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.get(++this.currentInterceptorIndex);
if (interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice instanceof InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) {
// Evaluate dynamic method matcher here: static part will already have
// been evaluated and found to match.
InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher dm =
(InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice;
if (dm.methodMatcher.matches(this.method, this.targetClass, this.arguments)) {
return dm.interceptor.invoke(this);
}
else {
// Dynamic matching failed.
// Skip this interceptor and invoke the next in the chain.
return proceed();
}
}
else {
// It‘s an interceptor, so we just invoke it: The pointcut will have
// been evaluated statically before this object was constructed.
return ((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);
}
}
Spring AOP中Aspect编织的实现
1.前面我们谈到拦截器起作用时，实现代码（ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java）如下：
public Object proceed() throws Throwable {
// We start with an index of -1 and increment early.
if (this.currentInterceptorIndex == this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.size() - 1) {
return invokeJoinpoint();
}
Object interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice =
this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.get(++this.currentInterceptorIndex);
if (interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice instanceof InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) {
// Evaluate dynamic method matcher here: static part will already have
// been evaluated and found to match.
InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher dm =
(InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice;
if (dm.methodMatcher.matches(this.method, this.targetClass, this.arguments)) {
return dm.interceptor.invoke(this);
}
else {
// Dynamic matching failed.
// Skip this interceptor and invoke the next in the chain.
return proceed();
}
}
else {
// It‘s an interceptor, so we just invoke it: The pointcut will have
// been evaluated statically before this object was constructed.
return ((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);
}
}
2.前置Advice MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.java
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
this.advice.before(mi.getMethod(), mi.getArguments(), mi.getThis() );
return mi.proceed();
}
3.后置Advice AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.java
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
Object retVal = mi.proceed();
this.advice.afterReturning(retVal, mi.getMethod(), mi.getArguments(), mi.getThis());
return retVal;
}
总结
没图没真相
Spring框架的AOP机制可以让开发者把业务流程中的通用功能抽取出来，单独编写功能代码。在业务流程执行过程中，Spring框架会根据业务流程要求，自动把独立编写的功能代码切入到流程的合适位置。
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/davidwang456/p/12286164.html
时间： 2024-10-09 08:54:34