一、安装docker
yum install epel-resase
yum install docker-io （RHEL6）
yum install docker （RHEL7）
系统：
[[email protected] ~]# uname -a
Linux kvm.huangming.org 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Jul 23 15:44:03 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m
二、启动docker
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/docker start Starting docker: [ OK ] [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef |grep docker root 3900 1 1 19:28 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/bin/docker -d root 3927 3900 34 19:28 pts/0 00:00:04 mkfs.ext4 -E nodiscard,lazy_itable_init=0 /dev/mapper/docker-8:3-1573967-base root 3938 3606 0 19:28 pts/0 00:00:00 grep docker
三、镜像管理
- docker pull centos
#从docker.com获取centos镜像
- docker images
#查看本地镜像
- docker tag centos test-img
#为centos镜像设置标签为test-img，在使用docker image查看时会多出一行，更改的image id和centos的一样
- docker search [image-name]
#搜索docker仓库里的docker镜像
- docker run -t -i centos /bin/bash
#用下载到的镜像开启容器，-i表示让容器的标准输入打开，-t表示分配一个伪终端，要把-i -t放到镜像名字的前面。当镜像发生修改后，我们可以把该镜像提交重新生成一个新版本运行在本地
- docker ps
#查看运行的容器，加-a选项可以查看没有运行的容器
- docker rmi centos
#用来删除指定的镜像，其中后面的参数可以是tag，如果是tag时，实际上是删除该tag，只要该镜像还有其他的tag，就不会删除该镜像。当后面的参数为ID时，则会彻底删除整个镜像，连同所有的标签。
1、下载centos镜像
[[email protected] ~]# docker pull centos latest: Pulling from centos 47d44cb6f252: Already exists 6fdebd7b0eb5: Already exists a63aae4d216f: Already exists Digest: sha256:381f21e4c7b3724c6f420b2bcfa6e13e47ed155192869a2a04fa10f944c78476 Status: Image is up to date for centos:latest
2、查看下载到本地镜像
[[email protected] ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB
3、查看docker仓库镜像
[[email protected] ~]# docker search centos NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED centos The official build of CentOS. 2069 [OK] jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.7 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.2.1511 x8... 18 [OK] jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php CentOS-6 6.7 x86_64 / Apache / PHP / PHP M... 14 [OK] million12/centos-supervisor Base CentOS-7 with supervisord launcher, h... 10 [OK] blalor/centos Bare-bones base CentOS 6.5 image 8 [OK] nimmis/java-centos This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif... 8 [OK] torusware/speedus-centos Always updated official CentOS docker imag... 7 [OK] centos/mariadb55-centos7 3 [OK] nathonfowlie/centos-jre Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-insta... 3 [OK] nickistre/centos-lamp LAMP on centos setup 3 [OK] consol/sakuli-centos-xfce Sakuli end-2-end testing and monitoring co... 2 [OK] softvisio/centos Centos 1 [OK] layerworx/centos CentOS container with etcd, etcdctl, confd... 1 [OK] yajo/centos-epel CentOS with EPEL and fully updated 1 [OK] lighthopper/orientdb-centos A Dockerfile for creating an OrientDB imag... 1 [OK] darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 1 [OK] timhughes/centos Centos with systemd installed and running 1 [OK] januswel/centos yum update-ed CentOS image 0 [OK] drokar/centos-s6 centOS combined with s6, a small process s... 0 [OK] lighthopper/openjdk-centos A Dockerfile for creating an OpenJDK image... 0 [OK] ustclug/centos USTC centos 0 [OK] blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 0 [OK] grayzone/centos auto build for centos. 0 [OK] jsmigel/centos-epel Docker base image of CentOS w/ EPEL installed 0 [OK] grossws/centos CentOS 6 and 7 base images with gosu and l... 0 [OK]
4、开启一个容器docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[[email protected] ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash [[email protected] /]#
[[email protected] /]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) [[email protected] /]# uname -a Linux 8c1fd812d079 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Jul 23 15:44:03 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [[email protected] /]# w 11:55:12 up 42 min, 0 users, load average: 0.00, 0.03, 0.01 USER TTY FROM [email protected] IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT [[email protected] /]# ps PID TTY TIME CMD 1 ? 00:00:00 bash 16 ? 00:00:00 ps [[email protected] /]# uptime 11:55:21 up 42 min, 0 users, load average: 0.00, 0.02, 0.01 [[email protected] /]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/docker-8:3-1573967-8c1fd812d0790d1868bcec389a50c6f7a08c6c099167141393af0961e7b850be ext4 9.8G 230M 9.0G 3% / tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev shm tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda3 ext4 43G 4.6G 36G 12% /etc/hosts [[email protected] /]# exit
[[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES f732106147eb centos "/bin/bash" 17 seconds ago Up 15 seconds high_heisenberg 8c1fd812d079 centos "/bin/bash" 3 minutes ago Exited (0) About a minute ago grave_mcclintock
5、修改镜像名称
[[email protected] ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB [[email protected] ~]# docker tag centos test-img [[email protected] ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB test-img latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB [[email protected] ~]# docker tag test-img centos:test-img2 [[email protected] ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE test-img latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB centos latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB centos test-img2 bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB
6、删除镜像
[[email protected] ~]# docker rmi centos:test-img2 Untagged: centos:test-img2 [[email protected] ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB test-img latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB
四、docker镜像使用容器生成新的镜像
1、启动镜像
[[email protected] ~]# docker start 8c1fd 8c1fd [[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES f732106147eb centos "/bin/bash" 12 minutes ago Exited (0) 43 seconds ago high_heisenberg 8c1fd812d079 centos "/bin/bash" 15 minutes ago Up 3 seconds
2、进入已启动的容器docker exec -it 【镜像ID，可以简写】 /bin/bash
[[email protected] ~]# docker exec -it 8c1fd /bin/bash [[email protected] /]#
3、在容器中安装软件（安装网卡包net-tools）
[[email protected] /]# yum install net-tools wget -y
[[email protected] /]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 172.17.0.3 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0 inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:3 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 5419 bytes 10411538 (9.9 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 4127 bytes 268377 (262.0 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
4、生成新的镜像
- docker commit -m "change somth" -a "somebody info" container_id new-image
例如：docker commit -m "install httpd" -a "test-image1" 8c1fd812d079 test/centos
[[email protected] ~]# docker commit -m "centos_with_nettools_and_wget" -a "author" 8c1fd812d079 centos_new1 3e4be15719e03e909f39a7c03f3c7cd4fa6f2a8e282b2b88204d0224104b20e6 [[email protected] ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos_new1 latest 3e4be15719e0 16 seconds ago 268 MB centos latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB test-img latest bb3d629a7cbc 3 weeks ago 196.6 MB
五、docker基于本地模版导入创建镜像
1、下载地址https://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/
2、下载一个镜像模版
- 导入镜像
#cat centos-6-x86_64-minimal.tar.gz | docker import - centos-6-x86_64
- 导出镜像
#docker save -o new-centos.tar new-image/centos
- 恢复本地镜像
#docker load --input new-centos.tar 或者 docker load < new-centos.tar
- 上传镜像到dockerhub官网，前提需要注册一个用户
#docker push image-name
时间： 2024-10-26 02:15:15