【参考文献】
http://blog.csdn.net/singwhatiwanna/article/details/17596225
1 /* 2 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project 3 * 4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at 7 * 8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 9 * 10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 14 * limitations under the License. 15 */ 16 17 package android.os; 18 19 import java.util.ArrayDeque; 20 import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue; 21 import java.util.concurrent.Callable; 22 import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException; 23 import java.util.concurrent.Executor; 24 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException; 25 import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask; 26 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue; 27 import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory; 28 import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor; 29 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; 30 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException; 31 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean; 32 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; 33 34 public abstract class AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> { 35 private static final String LOG_TAG = "AsyncTask"; 36 37 //获取当前的cpu核心数 38 private static final int CPU_COUNT = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors(); 39 //线程池核心容量 40 private static final int CORE_POOL_SIZE = CPU_COUNT + 1; 41 //线程池最大容量 42 private static final int MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE = CPU_COUNT * 2 + 1; 43 //过剩的空闲线程的存活时间 44 private static final int KEEP_ALIVE = 1; 45 //ThreadFactory 线程工厂,通过工厂方法newThread来获取新线程 46 private static final ThreadFactory sThreadFactory = new ThreadFactory() { 47 //原子整数,可以在超高并发下正常工作 48 private final AtomicInteger mCount = new AtomicInteger(1); 49 50 public Thread newThread(Runnable r) { 51 return new Thread(r, "AsyncTask #" + mCount.getAndIncrement()); 52 } 53 }; 54 //静态阻塞式队列,用来存放待执行的任务,初始容量:128个 55 private static final BlockingQueue<Runnable> sPoolWorkQueue = 56 new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(128); 57 58 /** 59 * 静态并发线程池,可以用来并行执行任务,尽管从3.0开始,AsyncTask默认是串行执行任务 60 * 但是我们仍然能构造出并行的AsyncTask 61 */ 62 public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR 63 = new ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE, 64 TimeUnit.SECONDS, sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory); 65 66 /** 67 * 静态串行任务执行器,其内部实现了串行控制, 68 * 循环的取出一个个任务交给上述的并发线程池去执行 69 */ 70 public static final Executor SERIAL_EXECUTOR = new SerialExecutor(); 71 //消息类型:发送结果 72 private static final int MESSAGE_POST_RESULT = 0x1; 73 //消息类型:更新进度 74 private static final int MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS = 0x2; 75 /**静态Handler,用来发送上述两种通知,采用UI线程的Looper来处理消息 76 * 这就是为什么AsyncTask必须在UI线程调用,因为子线程 77 * 默认没有Looper无法创建下面的Handler,程序会直接Crash 78 */ 79 private static final InternalHandler sHandler = new InternalHandler(); 80 //默认任务执行器,被赋值为串行任务执行器,就是它,AsyncTask变成串行的了 81 private static volatile Executor sDefaultExecutor = SERIAL_EXECUTOR; 82 //如下两个变量我们先不要深究,不影响我们对整体逻辑的理解 83 private final WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> mWorker; 84 private final FutureTask<Result> mFuture; 85 //任务的状态 默认为挂起,即等待执行,其类型标识为易变的(volatile) 86 private volatile Status mStatus = Status.PENDING; 87 //原子布尔型,支持高并发访问,标识任务是否被取消 88 private final AtomicBoolean mCancelled = new AtomicBoolean(); 89 //原子布尔型,支持高并发访问,标识任务是否被执行过 90 private final AtomicBoolean mTaskInvoked = new AtomicBoolean(); 91 92 /*串行执行器的实现,我们要好好看看,它是怎么把并行转为串行的 93 *目前我们需要知道,asyncTask.execute(Params ...)实际上会调用 94 *SerialExecutor的execute方法,这一点后面再说明。也就是说:当你的asyncTask执行的时候, 95 *首先你的task会被加入到任务队列,然后排队,一个个执行 96 */ 97 private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor { 98 //线性双向队列,用来存储所有的AsyncTask任务 99 final ArrayDeque<Runnable> mTasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>(); 100 //当前正在执行的AsyncTask任务 101 Runnable mActive; 102 103 public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) { 104 //将新的AsyncTask任务加入到双向队列中 105 mTasks.offer(new Runnable() { 106 public void run() { 107 try { 108 //执行AsyncTask任务 109 r.run(); 110 } finally { 111 //当前AsyncTask任务执行完毕后,进行下一轮执行,如果还有未执行任务的话 112 //这一点很明显体现了AsyncTask是串行执行任务的,总是一个任务执行完毕才会执行下一个任务 113 scheduleNext(); 114 } 115 } 116 }); 117 //如果当前没有任务在执行,直接进入执行逻辑 118 if (mActive == null) { 119 scheduleNext(); 120 } 121 } 122 123 protected synchronized void scheduleNext() { 124 //从任务队列中取出队列头部的任务,如果有就交给并发线程池去执行 125 if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) { 126 THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive); 127 } 128 } 129 } 130 131 /** 132 * 任务的三种状态 133 */ 134 public enum Status { 135 /** 136 * 任务等待执行 137 */ 138 PENDING, 139 /** 140 * 任务正在执行 141 */ 142 RUNNING, 143 /** 144 * 任务已经执行结束 145 */ 146 FINISHED, 147 } 148 149 /** 隐藏API:在UI线程中调用,用来初始化Handler */ 150 public static void init() { 151 sHandler.getLooper(); 152 } 153 154 /** 隐藏API:为AsyncTask设置默认执行器 */ 155 public static void setDefaultExecutor(Executor exec) { 156 sDefaultExecutor = exec; 157 } 158 159 /** 160 * Creates a new asynchronous task. This constructor must be invoked on the UI thread. 161 */ 162 public AsyncTask() { 163 mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() { 164 public Result call() throws Exception { 165 mTaskInvoked.set(true); 166 167 Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND); 168 //noinspection unchecked 169 return postResult(doInBackground(mParams)); 170 } 171 }; 172 173 mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) { 174 @Override 175 protected void done() { 176 try { 177 postResultIfNotInvoked(get()); 178 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 179 android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e); 180 } catch (ExecutionException e) { 181 throw new RuntimeException("An error occured while executing doInBackground()", 182 e.getCause()); 183 } catch (CancellationException e) { 184 postResultIfNotInvoked(null); 185 } 186 } 187 }; 188 } 189 190 private void postResultIfNotInvoked(Result result) { 191 final boolean wasTaskInvoked = mTaskInvoked.get(); 192 if (!wasTaskInvoked) { 193 postResult(result); 194 } 195 } 196 //doInBackground执行完毕,发送消息 197 private Result postResult(Result result) { 198 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 199 Message message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT, 200 new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(this, result)); 201 message.sendToTarget(); 202 return result; 203 } 204 205 /** 206 * 返回任务的状态 207 */ 208 public final Status getStatus() { 209 return mStatus; 210 } 211 212 /** 213 * 这个方法是我们必须要重写的,用来做后台计算 214 * 所在线程:后台线程 215 */ 216 protected abstract Result doInBackground(Params... params); 217 218 /** 219 * 在doInBackground之前调用,用来做初始化工作 220 * 所在线程:UI线程 221 */ 222 protected void onPreExecute() { 223 } 224 225 /** 226 * 在doInBackground之后调用,用来接受后台计算结果更新UI 227 * 所在线程:UI线程 228 */ 229 protected void onPostExecute(Result result) { 230 } 231 232 /** 233 * Runs on the UI thread after {@link #publishProgress} is invoked. 234 /** 235 * 在publishProgress之后调用,用来更新计算进度 236 * 所在线程:UI线程 237 */ 238 protected void onProgressUpdate(Progress... values) { 239 } 240 241 /** 242 * cancel被调用并且doInBackground执行结束,会调用onCancelled,表示任务被取消 243 * 这个时候onPostExecute不会再被调用,二者是互斥的,分别表示任务取消和任务执行完成 244 * 所在线程:UI线程 245 */ 246 @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedParameters"}) 247 protected void onCancelled(Result result) { 248 onCancelled(); 249 } 250 251 protected void onCancelled() { 252 } 253 254 public final boolean isCancelled() { 255 return mCancelled.get(); 256 } 257 258 public final boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) { 259 mCancelled.set(true); 260 return mFuture.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning); 261 } 262 263 public final Result get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { 264 return mFuture.get(); 265 } 266 267 public final Result get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException, 268 ExecutionException, TimeoutException { 269 return mFuture.get(timeout, unit); 270 } 271 272 /** 273 * 这个方法如何执行和系统版本有关,在AsyncTask的使用规则里已经说明,如果你真的想使用并行AsyncTask, 274 * 也是可以的,只要稍作修改 275 * 必须在UI线程调用此方法 276 */ 277 public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) { 278 //串行执行 279 return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params); 280 //如果我们想并行执行,这样改就行了,当然这个方法我们没法改 281 //return executeOnExecutor(THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR, params); 282 } 283 284 /** 285 * 通过这个方法我们可以自定义AsyncTask的执行方式,串行or并行,甚至可以采用自己的Executor 286 * 为了实现并行,我们可以在外部这么用AsyncTask: 287 * asyncTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR, Params... params); 288 * 必须在UI线程调用此方法 289 */ 290 public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec, 291 Params... params) { 292 if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) { 293 switch (mStatus) { 294 case RUNNING: 295 throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:" 296 + " the task is already running."); 297 case FINISHED: 298 throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:" 299 + " the task has already been executed " 300 + "(a task can be executed only once)"); 301 } 302 } 303 304 mStatus = Status.RUNNING; 305 //这里#onPreExecute会最先执行 306 onPreExecute(); 307 308 mWorker.mParams = params; 309 //然后后台计算#doInBackground才真正开始 310 exec.execute(mFuture); 311 //接着会有#onProgressUpdate被调用,最后是#onPostExecute 312 313 return this; 314 } 315 316 /** 317 * 这是AsyncTask提供的一个静态方法,方便我们直接执行一个runnable 318 */ 319 public static void execute(Runnable runnable) { 320 sDefaultExecutor.execute(runnable); 321 } 322 323 /** 324 * 打印后台计算进度,onProgressUpdate会被调用 325 */ 326 protected final void publishProgress(Progress... values) { 327 if (!isCancelled()) { 328 sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS, 329 new AsyncTaskResult<Progress>(this, values)).sendToTarget(); 330 } 331 } 332 333 //任务结束的时候会进行判断,如果任务没有被取消,则onPostExecute会被调用 334 private void finish(Result result) { 335 if (isCancelled()) { 336 onCancelled(result); 337 } else { 338 onPostExecute(result); 339 } 340 mStatus = Status.FINISHED; 341 } 342 343 //AsyncTask内部Handler,用来发送后台计算进度更新消息和计算完成消息 344 private static class InternalHandler extends Handler { 345 @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"}) 346 @Override 347 public void handleMessage(Message msg) { 348 AsyncTaskResult result = (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj; 349 switch (msg.what) { 350 case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT: 351 // There is only one result 352 result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]); 353 break; 354 case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS: 355 result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData); 356 break; 357 } 358 } 359 } 360 361 private static abstract class WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> implements Callable<Result> { 362 Params[] mParams; 363 } 364 365 @SuppressWarnings({"RawUseOfParameterizedType"}) 366 private static class AsyncTaskResult<Data> { 367 final AsyncTask mTask; 368 final Data[] mData; 369 370 AsyncTaskResult(AsyncTask task, Data... data) { 371 mTask = task; 372 mData = data; 373 } 374 } 375 }
时间: 2024-10-18 01:04:40