一，安装环境
硬件：虚拟机
操作系统：Centos 6.4 64位
IP：10.51.121.10
主机名：datanode-4
安装用户：root
Hadoop：Hadoop2.6，Hadoop2.6的单机安装请见：http://www.cnblogs.com/zouzhongfan/p/4309405.html
二，安装Mysql
1，到http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
下载mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
2， 增加mysql的Yum Repository，执行：
#yum localinstall mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm3，安装，#yum install mysql-community-server
4，启动mysql服务，执行：#service mysqld start
# service mysqld
Usage: /etc/init.d/mysqld {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}5，查看启动状态
# service mysqld status
mysqld (pid 55977) is running...6，修改root用户密码
#mysql -u root
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>update user set password = password(‘root‘) where user = ‘root‘;
mysql>flush privileges;7，设置hive用户
#mysql -uroot -proot
mysql>create user ‘hive‘ identified by ‘hive‘;
mysql>grant all on *.* TO ‘hive‘@‘%‘ with grant option;
mysql>flush privileges;8，新建hive_metastore数据库
#mysql -uhive -phive
mysql>create database hive_metastore;
mysql>show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hive_metastore |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.48 sec)三，Hive安装
1，到http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-0.13.1/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin.tar.gz 下载hive0.13。
2，解压，# tar -zxvf apache-hive-0.13.1-bin.tar.gz
这里解压到/root/hadoop目录，
则Hive的安装路径为：/root/hadoop/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin
3，配置~/.bash_profile环境变量
1）在~/.bash_profile添加如下配置：
export HIVE_HOME=/root/hadoop/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH2）使环境变量生效，# source ~/.bash_profile
4，设置hive-env.sh配置文件
进入/root/hadoop/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin/conf目录，执行如下命令：
# cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
# vi hive-env.sh
export HADOOP_HOME=/root/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0
export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/root/hadoop/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin/conf5，设置hive-site.xml配置文件
1），执行，# cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
2），编辑hive-site.xml文件，# vi hive-site.xml
hive默认为derby数据库，需要把相关信息调整为mysql数据库，修改的配置信息如下：
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
<value>thrift://datanode-4:9083</value>
<description>Thrift URI for theremote metastore. Used by metastore client to connect to remotemetastore.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://10.51.121.10:3306/hive_metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
<description>JDBC connect string fora JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
<description>Driver class name for aJDBC metastore</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>hive</value>
<description>username to use againstmetastore database</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>hive</value>
<description>password to use againstmetastore database</description>
</property>6，下载mysql的JDBC驱动，并放到Hive安装路径下的lib目录下。
这里下载的mysql驱动为：mysql-connector-java-5.1.34-bin.jar，并放在/root/hadoop/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin/lib目录下。因为Hive需要通过JDBC连接Mysql数据库。
7，启动metastore和hiveserver2，其中matestore服务是Hive连接Mysql的metastore数据库用，hiveserver2服务是通过JDBC访问Hive用，JDBC的默认端口是：10000
#hive --service metastore &
#hive --service hiveserver2 & 8，安装验证
执行jps命令，可以看到有两个RunJar服务进程
# jps
38907 RunJar
39030 RunJar
54679 NameNode
54774 DataNode
55214 NodeManager
55118 ResourceManager
16150 Jps
54965 SecondaryNameNode
执行#ps -ef |grep RunJar 可以看到如下进程：
# ps -ef |grep RunJar
root 16165 21232 0 05:56 pts/2 00:00:00 grep RunJar
root 38907 37136 0 Jan21 pts/1 00:01:45 /usr/lib/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/java -Xmx256m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -......org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar /root/hadoop/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin/lib/hive-service-0.13.1.jar org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore
root 39030 37136 0 Jan21 pts/1 00:01:11 /usr/lib/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/java -Xmx256m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -......org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar /root/hadoop/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin/lib/hive-service-0.13.1.jar org.apache.hive.service.server.HiveServer2四，常见错误
1，执行#hive命令进入Hive CLI时报如下错误：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:444)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:672)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:616)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient原因：因为没有正常启动Hive 的 Metastore Server服务进程。
解决方法：启动Hive 的 Metastore Server服务进程，执行如下命令：
# hive --service metastore &
[1] 52460
Starting Hive Metastore Server
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/root/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/root/hadoop/apache-hive-0.14.0-bin/lib/hive-jdbc-0.14.0-standalone.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]2，执行#hive命令进入Hive CLI时报如下错误：
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask. MetaException(message:javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘OPTION SQL_SELECT_LIMIT=DEFAULT‘ at line 1
at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.NucleusJDOHelper.getJDOExceptionForNucleusException(NucleusJDOHelper.java:451)
at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.getDataStoreConnection(JDOPersistenceManager.java:2259)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreDirectSql.trySetAnsiQuotesForMysql(MetaStoreDirectSql.java:166)原因：可能是因为Hive连接Mysql的JDBC驱动版本有问题。Mysql版本是5.6.23，用的JDBC驱动是mysql-connector-java-5.0.3-bin.jar。
解决方法：把mysql-connector-java-5.0.3-bin.jar换成mysql-connector-java-5.1.34-bin.jar，问题解决。