mysql-rpm的安装

从官网下载mysql（wget）

http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-server-5.6.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-devel-5.6.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-client-5.6.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

检测系统是否安装MySQL

rpm -qa | grep -i mysql  

//若已安装过，会出现以下

MySQL-server-5.0.22-0.i386

MySQL-client-5.0.22-0.i386

//输入以下命令删除它：

# rpm -ev MySQL-server-5.0.22-0.i386

# rpm -ev MySQL-client-5.0.22-0.i386

//若删除的时候，出现删除不成功，出现依赖的包，前提必须删除依赖项。

安装MySQL

 rpm -ivh /opt/MySQL-server-5.5.15-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm  

若遇到Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY

原因：这是由于yum安装了旧版本的GPG keys造成的

解决办法：后面加上

–force –nodeps

如：

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.46-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm –force –nodeps

从 RPM 版本 4.1 开始，在安装或升级软件包时会检查软件包的签名。

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID*****

这是由于yum安装了旧版本的GPG keys造成的，解决办法就是

引用

rpm –import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM*

再安装软件就不会有这个错误提示了。

rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

修改配置文件位置

cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

初始化MySQL及设置密码

[[email protected] rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
[[email protected] rpm]# service mysql start
[[email protected] rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root账号密码
# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘123456‘);    #设置密码为123456
mysql> exit
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

允许远程登陆

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host                  | user | password                                  |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> update user set password=password(‘123456‘) where user=‘root‘;
mysql> update user set host=‘%‘ where user=‘root‘ and host=‘localhost‘;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit

设置开机自启动

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig mysql on
[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

MySQL的默认安装位置

/var/lib/mysql/               #数据库目录
/usr/share/mysql              #配置文件目录
/usr/bin                     #相关命令目录
/etc/init.d/mysql              #启动脚本

修改字符集和数据存储路径

配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.

[client]  
password        = 123456  
port            = 3306  
default-character-set=utf8  
[mysqld]  
port            = 3306  
character_set_server=utf8  
character_set_client=utf8  
collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
#(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)  
lower_case_table_names=1  
#(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )  
max_connections=1000  
[mysql]  
default-character-set = utf8  

查看字符集

show variables like ‘%collation%‘;
show variables like ‘%char%‘;

来自为知笔记(Wiz)