【LeetCode】89. Gray Code

题目:

The gray code is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit.

Given a non-negative integer n representing the total number of bits in the code, print the sequence of gray code. A gray code sequence must begin with 0.

For example, given n = 2, return [0,1,3,2]. Its gray code sequence is:

00 - 0
01 - 1
11 - 3
10 - 2

Note:
For a given n, a gray code sequence is not uniquely defined.

For example, [0,2,3,1] is also a valid gray code sequence according to the above definition.

提示:

注意,满足格雷码定义的二进制序列可能会不止一种,因此本文所指出的解法并非唯一解。

考虑到格雷码相邻两个二进制数只能在一位上有差异,所以我们可以用一种从最低为开始,逐位加一的方法去解决这个问题,直接看一个例子,我们以n=3为例。

我们可以令一开始的数为000,然后在最低位加一,此时所有已知格雷码为:

000
001

然后我们在上述已知的格雷码中,从下往上在次低位加一:

000
001
011
010

这里要注意加一的顺序,必须要从下往上加,因为新增加的数字如果是从上往下产生的,那么就相当于是同时在多个位上发生改变,而从下往上加可以确保只有一位发生了改变,又因为原先有的相邻格雷码之间只有一位有区别,如果在同一个位置上都加一,相邻两个之间的差异仍然只有一,因此性质还是成立的。

最后我们在最高位上加一,注意还是要从下往上:

000
001
011
010
110
111
101
100

代码:

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> grayCode(int n)
    {
        vector<int> res(1, 0);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            int size = res.size();
            while (size--) {
                int curNum = res[size];
                curNum += (1 << i);
                res.push_back(curNum);
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};
时间: 2024-10-11 12:59:53

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