一、document数据格式
(1)应用系统的数据结构都是面向对象的,复杂的
(2)对象数据存储到数据库中,只能拆解开来,变为扁平的多张表,每次查询的时候还得还原回对象格式,相当麻烦
(3)ES是面向文档的,文档中存储的数据结构,与面向对象的数据结构是一样的,基于这种文档数据结构,es可以提供复杂的索引,全文检索,分析聚合等功能
(4)es的document用json数据格式来表达
{ "email": "[email protected]", "first_name": "san", "last_name": "zhang", "info": { "bio": "curious and modest", "age": 30, "interests": [ "bike", "climb" ] }, "join_date": "2017/01/01" }
二、简单集群管理
2.1、快速检查集群的健康状况
es提供了一套api,叫做cat api,可以查看es中各种各样的数据,使用GET /_cat/health?v查看集群状态,?v添加表头
GET /_cat/health?v epoch timestamp cluster status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent 1567342207 20:50:07 elasticsearch yellow 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 - 50.0%
集群的健康状态:
green:每个索引的primary shard和replica shard都是active状态的
yellow:每个索引的primary shard都是active状态的,但是部分replica shard不是active状态,处于不可用的状态
red:不是所有索引的primary shard都是active状态的,部分索引有数据丢失了
为什么现在会处于一个yellow状态?
我们现在就一个笔记本电脑,就启动了一个es进程,相当于就只有一个node。现在es中有一个index,就是kibana自己内置建立的index。由于默认的配置是给每个index分配5个primary shard和5个replica shard,而且primary shard和replica shard不能在同一台机器上(为了容错)。现在kibana自己建立的index是1个primary shard和1个replica shard。当前就一个node,所以只有1个primary shard被分配了和启动了,但是一个replica shard没有第二台机器去启动。
实验测试:
此时只要启动第二个es进程,就会在es集群中有2个node,然后那1个replica shard就会自动分配过去,然后cluster status就会变成green状态。
epoch timestamp cluster status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent 1567342754 20:59:14 elasticsearch green 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 - 100.0%
2.2、快速查看集群中有哪些索引
GET /_cat/indices?v
GET _cat/indices?v health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green open .kibana mtCLy37mTr-eW0g1ATAEFw 1 1 1 0 6.3kb 3.1kb
2.3、简单索引操作
1)创建索引:PUT /test_index?pretty
PUT /test_index?pretty { "acknowledged": true, "shards_acknowledged": true } GET /_cat/indices?v health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green open .kibana mtCLy37mTr-eW0g1ATAEFw 1 1 1 0 6.3kb 3.1kb green open test_index cpTW7zzOQkKm9Mi7Omu2Sw 5 1 0 0 1.2kb 650b #新创建的索引
2)删除索引:DELETE /test_index?pretty
DELETE /test_index?pretty { "acknowledged": true } GET /_cat/indices?v health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green open .kibana mtCLy37mTr-eW0g1ATAEFw 1 1 1 0 6.3kb 3.1kb
三、文档的CRUD操作
3.1、新增商品:新增文档,建立索引
格式:
PUT /index/type/id { "json数据" }
添加测试用文档:
PUT /ecommerce/product/1 { "name" : "gaolujie yagao", "desc" : "gaoxiao meibai", "price" : 30, "producer" : "gaolujie producer", "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ] } #返回 { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "product", "_id": "1", "_version": 1, "result": "created", "_shards": { "total": 2, "successful": 1, "failed": 0 }, "created": true } #在添加两条 PUT /ecommerce/product/2 { "name" : "jiajieshi yagao", "desc" : "youxiao fangzhu", "price" : 25, "producer" : "jiajieshi producer", "tags": [ "fangzhu" ] } PUT /ecommerce/product/3 { "name" : "zhonghua yagao", "desc" : "caoben zhiwu", "price" : 40, "producer" : "zhonghua producer", "tags": [ "qingxin" ] }
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hujinzhong/p/11443611.html