一、输入 fdisk -l /dev/sda ,观察硬盘之实体使用情形。
二、输入 fdisk /dev/sda,可进入分割硬盘模式。
1. 输入 m 显示所有命令列示。
2. 输入 p 显示硬盘分割情形。
3. 输入 a 设定硬盘启动区。
4. 输入 n 设定新的硬盘分割区。
4.1. 输入 e 硬盘为[延伸]分割区(extend)。
4.2. 输入 p 硬盘为[主要]分割区(primary)。
5. 输入 t 改变硬盘分割区属性。
6. 输入 d 删除硬盘分割区属性。
7. 输入 q 结束不存入硬盘分割区属性。
8. 输入 w 结束并写入硬盘分割区属性
实例:
(1)进入fdisk界面,列出所有命令
#fdisk /dev/sda
(2)m:显示所有在fdisk中使用的命令
Command (m for help):m
(3)p:显示硬盘分区信息
Command (m for help):p
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0000f797
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 287 2097152 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda3 287 2611 18668544 83 Linux
说明:
Device Boot(引导):表示引导分区
Start(开始):表示一个分区从哪个柱面开始
End(结束):表示一个分区到哪个柱面结束
Blocks(容量):表示分区容量,单位KB
Id和System:确认分区类型
(4)创建和删除主分区、扩展分区和逻辑分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended //扩展分区
p primary partition (1-4) //主分区
p
Selected partition 4
有扩展分区和主分区,逻辑分区在扩展分区中建立。注意到括号中的1-4,最多只能建四个主分区(包括扩展分区)。先建一个主分区:
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p #建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 #分区号为1
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): #直接回车默认从第一个柱面开始划分
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): +2G #加空间大小,这里有很多种选择:+后面单位可以接M,G,K(记得要大写)表示划分你所加的空间,也可以是柱面数。不管怎样都不能超过该磁盘剩余的空间否则无效。
Command (m for help): p #分好后查看分区信息,刚所做的所有一目了然。
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xfaa2aa49
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 262 2104483+ 83 Linux
同上所述建立扩展分区:
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e #建立扩展分区
Partition number (1-4): 4
First cylinder (263-2610, default 263):
Using default value 263
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (263-2610, default 2610): +4G
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xfaa2aa49
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 262 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 263 785 4200997+ 5 Extended
扩展分区建好我们就可以在扩展分区建立逻辑分区了
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l #建逻辑分区
First cylinder (263-785, default 263):
Using default value 263
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (263-785, default 785): +2G
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xfaa2aa49
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 262 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 263 785 4200997+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 263 524 2104483+ 83 Linux
上面显示已经建好一个主分区,一个逻辑分区,但是这些现在还没有生效我们需要保存退出。
Command (m for help): w #保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[[email protected] 桌面]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000471ad
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 3851 30720000 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 3851 4106 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 4106 10444 50912256 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 4106 10444 50911232 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xfaa2aa49
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 262 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 263 785 4200997+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 263 524 2104483+ 83 Linux