众所周知，Oracle Rman的retention policy 在任意一个时刻：只能有一个生效。也就是说，两个retention policy 之间是or的关系。
如下使用catalog数据库完成，因为backup 命令的keep forever关键字只支持catalog
[[email protected] ~]$ rman target / catalog rc/[email protected]
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Dec 15 21:18:06 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PROD (DBID=275920358)
connected to recovery catalog database
RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/keep_test_%U' keep forever nologs;
Starting backup at 15-DEC-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=272 devtype=DISK
backup will never be obsolete
archived logs required to recover from this backup will not be kept
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of backup command at 12/15/2014 21:20:13
RMAN-06533: KEEP ... NOLOGS option cannot be used when datafiles are fuzzy
--->该语法是不行的：fuzzy状态是 database open时，datafile的状态（该状态可以从v$datafile_header中获得）
RMAN>backup database format '/home/oracle/keep_test_%U' keep forever logs;
Starting backup at 15-DEC-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
backup will never be obsolete
archived logs required to recover from this backup will expire when this backup expires
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/r_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 15-DEC-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/keep_test_0spq8ni4_1_1 tag=TAG20141215T212732 comment=NONE -->备份的开始时间是：20141215T212732
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:55
Finished backup at 15-DEC-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 15-DEC-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141215-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 15-DEC-14
RMAN>
[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Dec 15 21:29:56 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /home/oracle/arch
Oldest online log sequence 20
Next log sequence to archive 23
Current log sequence 23 ------------------------>此时的日志序列号是23
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> /
System altered.
以下略去归档的切换过程。
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /home/oracle/arch
Oldest online log sequence 30
Next log sequence to archive 33
Current log sequence 33
SQL> ----------------------------------------------------->此时的日志序列号是33
RMAN> backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/arc_back_after_keep_%U' delete all input;
Starting backup at 15-DEC-14
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=21 recid=16 stamp=865127168
input archive log thread=1 sequence=22 recid=17 stamp=866409290
input archive log thread=1 sequence=23 recid=18 stamp=866410210
input archive log thread=1 sequence=24 recid=19 stamp=866410212
input archive log thread=1 sequence=25 recid=20 stamp=866410213
input archive log thread=1 sequence=26 recid=21 stamp=866410218
input archive log thread=1 sequence=27 recid=22 stamp=866410218
input archive log thread=1 sequence=28 recid=23 stamp=866410220
input archive log thread=1 sequence=29 recid=24 stamp=866410221
input archive log thread=1 sequence=30 recid=25 stamp=866410222
input archive log thread=1 sequence=31 recid=26 stamp=866410224
input archive log thread=1 sequence=32 recid=27 stamp=866410224
input archive log thread=1 sequence=33 recid=28 stamp=866410311
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 15-DEC-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 15-DEC-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/arc_back_after_keep_0upq8nq9_1_1 tag=TAG20141215T213153 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archive log(s) -------------------------------------------------------->这说明归档可以删除
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_21_864082022.dbf recid=16 stamp=865127168
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_22_864082022.dbf recid=17 stamp=866409290
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_23_864082022.dbf recid=18 stamp=866410210
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_24_864082022.dbf recid=19 stamp=866410212
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_25_864082022.dbf recid=20 stamp=866410213
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_26_864082022.dbf recid=21 stamp=866410218
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_27_864082022.dbf recid=22 stamp=866410218
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_28_864082022.dbf recid=23 stamp=866410220
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_29_864082022.dbf recid=24 stamp=866410221
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_30_864082022.dbf recid=25 stamp=866410222
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_31_864082022.dbf recid=26 stamp=866410224
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_32_864082022.dbf recid=27 stamp=866410224
archive log filename=/home/oracle/arch/1_33_864082022.dbf recid=28 stamp=866410311
Finished backup at 15-DEC-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 15-DEC-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141215-01 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 15-DEC-14
RMAN>
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
59 21.43M DISK 00:00:02 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 77 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T223047
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/01po49gn_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 59
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 224560 20-NOV-14 233442 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
60 Full 343.30M DISK 00:01:17 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 78 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T223051
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_20141120
List of Datafiles in backup set 60
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 233448 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
2 Full 233448 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 233448 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 233448 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
5 Full 233448 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
6 Full 233448 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
7 Full 233448 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
8 Full 233448 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
61 5.00K DISK 00:00:01 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 79 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T223218
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/03po49ji_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 61
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 7 233442 20-NOV-14 233473 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
62 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:01 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 80 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T223220
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-00
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 233479 Ckp time: 20-NOV-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20-NOV-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
63 21.61M DISK 00:00:03 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 81 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T225650
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864169010
List of Archived Logs in backup set 63
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 224560 20-NOV-14 233442 20-NOV-14
1 7 233442 20-NOV-14 233473 20-NOV-14
1 8 233473 20-NOV-14 233536 20-NOV-14
1 9 233536 20-NOV-14 233559 20-NOV-14
1 10 233559 20-NOV-14 234100 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
64 Full 343.30M DISK 00:01:42 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 82 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T225654
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_864169015
List of Datafiles in backup set 64
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 234104 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
2 Full 234104 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 234104 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 234104 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
5 Full 234104 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
6 Full 234104 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
7 Full 234104 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
8 Full 234104 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
65 2.50K DISK 00:00:01 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 83 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T225844
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864169124
List of Archived Logs in backup set 65
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 11 234100 20-NOV-14 234133 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
66 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:03 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 84 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T225846
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-01
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 234139 Ckp time: 20-NOV-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20-NOV-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
67 25.15M DISK 00:00:03 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 85 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234144
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864171704
List of Archived Logs in backup set 67
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 224560 20-NOV-14 233442 20-NOV-14
1 7 233442 20-NOV-14 233473 20-NOV-14
1 8 233473 20-NOV-14 233536 20-NOV-14
1 9 233536 20-NOV-14 233559 20-NOV-14
1 10 233559 20-NOV-14 234100 20-NOV-14
1 11 234100 20-NOV-14 234133 20-NOV-14
1 12 234133 20-NOV-14 236454 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
68 Full 345.13M DISK 00:01:38 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 86 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234148
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_864171708
List of Datafiles in backup set 68
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 236458 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
2 Full 236458 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 236458 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 236458 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
5 Full 236458 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
6 Full 236458 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
7 Full 236458 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
8 Full 236458 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
69 2.50K DISK 00:00:01 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 87 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234336
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864171816
List of Archived Logs in backup set 69
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 13 236454 20-NOV-14 236487 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
70 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:02 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 88 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234338
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-02
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 236493 Ckp time: 20-NOV-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20-NOV-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
71 25.16M DISK 00:00:03 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 89 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234346
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_20141120
List of Archived Logs in backup set 71
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 224560 20-NOV-14 233442 20-NOV-14
1 7 233442 20-NOV-14 233473 20-NOV-14
1 8 233473 20-NOV-14 233536 20-NOV-14
1 9 233536 20-NOV-14 233559 20-NOV-14
1 10 233559 20-NOV-14 234100 20-NOV-14
1 11 234100 20-NOV-14 234133 20-NOV-14
1 12 234133 20-NOV-14 236454 20-NOV-14
1 13 236454 20-NOV-14 236487 20-NOV-14
1 14 236487 20-NOV-14 236502 20-NOV-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
72 25.17M DISK 00:00:02 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 90 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234708
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/arch_0hpo4dvs_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 72
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 224560 20-NOV-14 233442 20-NOV-14
1 7 233442 20-NOV-14 233473 20-NOV-14
1 8 233473 20-NOV-14 233536 20-NOV-14
1 9 233536 20-NOV-14 233559 20-NOV-14
1 10 233559 20-NOV-14 234100 20-NOV-14
1 11 234100 20-NOV-14 234133 20-NOV-14
1 12 234133 20-NOV-14 236454 20-NOV-14
1 13 236454 20-NOV-14 236487 20-NOV-14
1 14 236487 20-NOV-14 236502 20-NOV-14
1 15 236502 20-NOV-14 236588 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
73 Full 345.13M DISK 00:01:38 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 91 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234710
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/db_0ipo4dvu_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 73
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 236592 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
2 Full 236592 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 236592 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 236592 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
5 Full 236592 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
6 Full 236592 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
7 Full 236592 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
8 Full 236592 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
74 3.00K DISK 00:00:01 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 92 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234857
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/arch_0jpo4e39_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 74
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 16 236588 20-NOV-14 236621 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
75 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:03 20-NOV-14
BP Key: 93 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141120T234859
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-03
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 236627 Ckp time: 20-NOV-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
76 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:02 23-NOV-14
BP Key: 94 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141123T023809
Piece Name: /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141123-00
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 263008 Ckp time: 23-NOV-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 23-NOV-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
195 4.47M DISK 00:00:02 26-NOV-14
BP Key: 200 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20141126T183805
Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/0mpojm4e_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 195
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 17 236621 20-NOV-14 256815 23-NOV-14
1 18 256815 23-NOV-14 283757 26-NOV-14
1 19 283757 26-NOV-14 284462 26-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
196 Full 66.88M DISK 00:01:07 26-NOV-14
BP Key: 201 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20141126T183811
Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/0npojm4j_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 196
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
2 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
5 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
6 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
7 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
8 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
9 Full 284476 26-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/r_1.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
197 Full 1.03M DISK 00:00:01 26-NOV-14
BP Key: 202 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20141126T183811
Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/0opojm6u_1_1
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 284499 Ckp time: 26-NOV-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
222 7.00K DISK 00:00:01 26-NOV-14
BP Key: 224 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20141126T183929
Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/0ppojm71_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 222
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 20 284462 26-NOV-14 284502 26-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
232 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:01 26-NOV-14
BP Key: 234 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141126T183932
Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141126-00
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 284520 Ckp time: 26-NOV-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
269 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:02 26-NOV-14
BP Key: 272 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141126T184247
Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141126-01
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 284938 Ckp time: 26-NOV-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-NOV-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
280 Full 349.29M DISK 00:01:54 15-DEC-14
BP Key: 283 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141215T212732
Piece Name: /home/oracle/keep_test_0spq8ni4_1_1
Keep: LOGS Until: FOREVER -------------------------------------------------------------->注意此行！！！
List of Datafiles in backup set 280
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
2 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
5 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
6 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
7 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
8 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
9 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/r_1.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
298 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:01 15-DEC-14
BP Key: 308 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141215T212929
Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141215-00
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 356856 Ckp time: 15-DEC-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 15-DEC-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
355 11.60M DISK 00:00:02 15-DEC-14
BP Key: 358 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141215T213153
Piece Name: /home/oracle/arc_back_after_keep_0upq8nq9_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 355
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 21 284502 26-NOV-14 305116 01-DEC-14
1 22 305116 01-DEC-14 356141 15-DEC-14
1 23 356141 15-DEC-14 356890 15-DEC-14
1 24 356890 15-DEC-14 356892 15-DEC-14
1 25 356892 15-DEC-14 356894 15-DEC-14
1 26 356894 15-DEC-14 356897 15-DEC-14
1 27 356897 15-DEC-14 356899 15-DEC-14
1 28 356899 15-DEC-14 356901 15-DEC-14
1 29 356901 15-DEC-14 356903 15-DEC-14
1 30 356903 15-DEC-14 356905 15-DEC-14
1 31 356905 15-DEC-14 356907 15-DEC-14
1 32 356907 15-DEC-14 356909 15-DEC-14
1 33 356909 15-DEC-14 356957 15-DEC-14
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
377 Full 6.58M DISK 00:00:00 15-DEC-14
BP Key: 391 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141215T213157
Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141215-01
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 356975 Ckp time: 15-DEC-14
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 15-DEC-14
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database format '/home/oracle/full_after_keep_%U';------------------>此时我做了一次db的备份
Starting backup at 16-DEC-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/r_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-DEC-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-DEC-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/full_after_keep_10pq96j9_1_1 tag=TAG20141216T014409 comment=NONE ---------->备份的开始时间是：20141216T014409
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:56
Finished backup at 16-DEC-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 16-DEC-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141216-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 16-DEC-14
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database format '/home/oracle/full_after_keep_%U';
Starting backup at 16-DEC-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/r_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-DEC-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-DEC-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/full_after_keep_12pq9736_1_1 tag=TAG20141216T015238 comment=NONE ------------>备份的开始时间是：20141216T015238
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:15
Finished backup at 16-DEC-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 16-DEC-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141216-01 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 16-DEC-14
RMAN> exit
RMAN> report obsolete redundancy 1; -------------------------------------------------->请注意：该命令是按照 redundancy 1 来report obsolete的备份。
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 59 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 77 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/01po49gn_1_1
Backup Set 60 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 78 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_20141120
Backup Set 61 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 79 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/03po49ji_1_1
Backup Set 62 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 80 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-00
Backup Set 63 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 81 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864169010
Backup Set 64 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 82 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_864169015
Backup Set 65 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 83 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864169124
Backup Set 66 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 84 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-01
Backup Set 67 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 85 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864171704
Backup Set 68 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 86 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_864171708
Backup Set 69 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 87 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864171816
Backup Set 70 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 88 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-02
Backup Set 71 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 89 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_20141120
Backup Set 72 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 90 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_0hpo4dvs_1_1
Backup Set 73 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 91 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/db_0ipo4dvu_1_1
Backup Set 74 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 92 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_0jpo4e39_1_1
Backup Set 75 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 93 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-03
Backup Set 76 23-NOV-14
Backup Piece 94 23-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141123-00
Backup Set 195 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 200 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/0mpojm4e_1_1
Backup Set 196 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 201 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/0npojm4j_1_1
Backup Set 197 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 202 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/0opojm6u_1_1
Backup Set 222 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 224 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/0ppojm71_1_1
Backup Set 232 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 234 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141126-00
Backup Set 269 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 272 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141126-01
Backup Set 298 15-DEC-14
Backup Piece 308 15-DEC-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141215-00
Backup Set 377 15-DEC-14
Backup Piece 391 15-DEC-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141215-01
Backup Set 411 16-DEC-14
Backup Piece 414 16-DEC-14 /home/oracle/full_after_keep_10pq96j9_1_1 ---------->多了此行，此行就是“备份的开始时间是：20141216T014409”的这个备份，而该备份是在那个keep备份之后的备份。既然keep备份之后的备份都报 obsolete了，而keep的备份却没有报obsolete，这说明keep forever 屏蔽了rman的retention policy。
Backup Set 434 16-DEC-14
Backup Piece 444 16-DEC-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141216-00
RMAN>
------------------下面说明将此keep forever的备份 变为obsolete的方法：--------------------------------------------------------
RMAN> change backupset 280 nokeep;
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=290 devtype=DISK
keep attributes for the backup are deleted
backup set key=280 recid=25 stamp=866410166
RMAN> list backupset 280; ------>此时list backupset 280 就看不到Keep: LOGS Until: FOREVER 的痕迹了。
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
280 Full 349.29M DISK 00:01:54 15-DEC-14
BP Key: 283 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20141215T212732
Piece Name: /home/oracle/keep_test_0spq8ni4_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 280
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/system01.dbf
2 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/example_1.dbf
5 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/indx_1.dbf
6 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/tools_1.dbf
7 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/users_1.dbf
8 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/oltp_1.dbf
9 Full 356820 15-DEC-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/r_1.dbf
-----------------------下面再来report obsolete redundancy 1; ------------------------------------------
RMAN> report obsolete redundancy 1;
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 59 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 77 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/01po49gn_1_1
Backup Set 60 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 78 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_20141120
Backup Set 61 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 79 20-NOV-14 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/03po49ji_1_1
Backup Set 62 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 80 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-00
Backup Set 63 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 81 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864169010
Backup Set 64 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 82 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_864169015
Backup Set 65 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 83 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864169124
Backup Set 66 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 84 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-01
Backup Set 67 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 85 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864171704
Backup Set 68 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 86 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/db_PROD_864171708
Backup Set 69 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 87 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_864171816
Backup Set 70 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 88 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-02
Backup Set 71 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 89 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_PROD_20141120
Backup Set 72 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 90 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_0hpo4dvs_1_1
Backup Set 73 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 91 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/db_0ipo4dvu_1_1
Backup Set 74 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 92 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/arch_0jpo4e39_1_1
Backup Set 75 20-NOV-14
Backup Piece 93 20-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141120-03
Backup Set 76 23-NOV-14
Backup Piece 94 23-NOV-14 /home/oracle/back/c-275920358-20141123-00
Backup Set 195 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 200 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/0mpojm4e_1_1
Backup Set 196 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 201 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/0npojm4j_1_1
Backup Set 197 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 202 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/0opojm6u_1_1
Backup Set 222 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 224 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/0ppojm71_1_1
Backup Set 232 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 234 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141126-00
Backup Set 269 26-NOV-14
Backup Piece 272 26-NOV-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141126-01
Backup Set 280 15-DEC-14
Backup Piece 283 15-DEC-14 /home/oracle/keep_test_0spq8ni4_1_1 -------------------->此时，该备份就出现在 report obsolete redundancy 1; 的结果中了。
Backup Set 298 15-DEC-14
Backup Piece 308 15-DEC-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141215-00
Backup Set 377 15-DEC-14
Backup Piece 391 15-DEC-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141215-01
Backup Set 411 16-DEC-14
Backup Piece 414 16-DEC-14 /home/oracle/full_after_keep_10pq96j9_1_1
Backup Set 434 16-DEC-14
Backup Piece 444 16-DEC-14 /home/oracle/backup/control/c-275920358-20141216-00
RMAN>
结论：
backup命令中的 keep forever关键字会 屏蔽rman的retention policy。
时间： 2024-10-11 23:48:56