我的电脑装的是ubuntu系统,所以以ubuntu为例来写
由于后边涉及到程序的可移植性验证,我们先在docker hub上注册一个账号(注册地址),记住用户名!
(全文直接附命令,由于我没有配置docker获得root权限,所以涉及到的docker操作命令前都要加sudo,觉得不方便的话可以再百度找找怎么办)
首先看你的ubuntu系统是否支持Docker(一般高于3.10即可)
uname -r
一 前期准备
1.获取docker安装包
wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh
2.查看docker是否安装成功,查看docker版本
docker version
3.启动服务
sudo systemctl enable docker #设置开机自动启动,可选 sudo systemctl start docker #启动服务
4.测试运行hello-world
sudo docker run hello-world 出现:Hello from Docker!This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.则成功
5. 运行过程中可能由于国内网络问题,镜像拉取比较慢,需要配置一个国内的镜像地址,可以随意选,我配置的是网易的
sudo vim /etc/docker/daemon.json插入: {"registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"]
6.查看docker下有哪些容器,因为之前我们运行过一个hello-world,所以至少会有它
sudo docker image ls
二 配置docker容器
1.新建helloworld应用程序
- 在你本地新建一个文件夹,在文件夹下新建三个文件: Dockerfile requirements.txt app.py
mkdir dockercd dockervim Dockerfile(注意From前边不要有其他代码)插入以下内容:# Use an official Python runtime as a parent imageFROM python:2.7-slim
# Set the working directory to /appWORKDIR /app
# Copy the current directory contents into the container at /appADD . /app
# Install any needed packages specified in requirements.txtRUN pip install --trusted-host pypi.python.org -r requirements.txt
# Make port 80 available to the world outside this containerEXPOSE 80
# Define environment variableENV NAME World
# Run app.py when the container launchesCMD ["python", "app.py"]
vim requirements.txt
插入以下内容:Flask
Redis
vim app.py
插入以下内容:from flask import Flaskfrom redis import Redis, RedisErrorimport osimport socket
# Connect to Redisredis = Redis(host="redis", db=0, socket_connect_timeout=2, socket_timeout=2)
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/")def hello(): try: visits = redis.incr("counter") except RedisError: visits = "<i>cannot connect to Redis, counter disabled</i>"
html = "<h3>Hello {name}!</h3>" \ "<b>Hostname:</b> {hostname}<br/>" \ "<b>Visits:</b> {visits}" return html.format(name=os.getenv("NAME", "world"), hostname=socket.gethostname(), visits=visits)
if __name__ == "__main__": app.run(host=‘0.0.0.0‘, port=80)
- 查看docker目录下是否有新建的文件
[email protected]X555YI:~$ cd docker [email protected]-X555YI:~/docker$ ls app.py Dockerfile requirements.txt
- 在刚才的docker目录下创建hello镜像
sudo docker build -t friendlyhello . 出现successfully即成功 sudo docker image ls REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 770958391/get-started part2 f80b604aa432 About an hour ago 131MB hello latest f80b604aa432 About an hour ago 131MB
- 运行一下
sudo docker run -p 4000:80 hello #将80端口映射到4000
输入地址 http://0.0.0.0:80 ,看到Python正在为您的应用提供服务的消息。但是该消息来自容器内部，它不知道你将该容器的端口80映射到4000，所以输入正确的URL http://localhost:4000 服务提供界面: Welcome to nginx! If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required. For online documentation and support please refer to nginx.org. Commercial support is available at nginx.com. Thank you for using nginx. 应用界面: Hello World! Hostname: 8394a79a51ff Visits: cannot connect to Redis, counter disabled ctrl+c即可退sudo 出,如果想要后台运行,运行代码 sudo docker run -d -p 4000:80 hello 关闭容器进程: 1.查看正在运行的容器: sudo docker container ls CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 5af66a9b4d9f ubuntu "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour jovial_almeida 2.关闭想要关闭的进程: sudo docker stop 5af66a9b4d9f 返回已关闭进程的CONTAINER ID
三 部署到docker hub
- 登陆到本地docker公共注册表
sudo docker login 然后按照提示输入之前注册的用户名,密码 返回Login Succeeded即登陆成功
- 标记图像
sudo docker tag hello 770958391/get-started:part2 注: hello为创建的镜像 770958391为你注册的用户名 get-started为hub里要新建的仓库 part2为仓库里项目的标签运行完上面代码,我们去docker新建仓库 Docker Hub点击 + create Repository
- 发布镜像
sudo docker push 770958391/get-started:part2 返回: The push refers to repository [docker.io/770958391/get-started] bb1832784221: Pushed 3769158c31ac: Pushed 2ac6ade48cac: Pushed a40d037570f2: Mounted from library/python 4e1a46391216: Mounted from library/python 10dd6271862c: Mounted from library/python ba291263b085: Mounted from library/python part2: digest: sha256:ce25797c1fb3d95fc7393f015ea584be0c110e0469e186813ee755f41f76922a size: 1787 成功
- 远端调用
sudo docker run -p 4000:80 770958391/get-started:part2 sudo docker run -d -p 4000:80 770958391/get-started:part2 #后台运行,类似前边在本地运行的例子 输入地址 http://0.0.0.0:80 ,看到Python正在为您的应用提供服务的消息。但是该消息来自容器内部，它不知道你将该容器的端口80映射到4000，所以输入正确的URL http://localhost:4000
参考博客:
Docker之旅：在Docker容器中创建第一个程序:https://blog.csdn.net/wd2014610/article/details/80354714
Ubuntu Docker 安装:https://www.runoob.com/docker/ubuntu-docker-install.html
在ubuntu中docker的简单使用(一):https://www.cnblogs.com/fuGuy/p/8399868.html
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wjwjs/p/10989100.html
时间： 2024-08-24 04:08:45