有时候我们需要将一些配置对象保存到Web/App config 中，使用ConfigurationManager.GetSection()方法可以方便的从配置文件中读取信息并映射(map)成我们写好的配置对象。
<configSections>
<section name="MailServerGroup" type="ConsoleApplication11.MailServerSection,ConsoleApplication11"/>
</configSections>
<MailServerGroup provider="www.edong.com">
<serverGroup >
<mailServer
client="blog.tracefact.net"
address="mail2.tracefact.net"
userName ="jimmyzhang"
password="123456"
/>
<mailServer
client="forum.tracefact.net"
address="mail1.tracefact.net"
userName ="webmaster"
password="456789"
/>
</serverGroup>
</MailServerGroup>
将配置信息映射到实体类上有两种方式，一种是继承ConfigurationSection（.NET推荐方式），另一种是实现IConfigurationSectionHandler。这里先看继承ConfigurationSection的方式如何实现。
public class MailServerSection : ConfigurationSection
{
[ConfigurationProperty("provider")]
public string Provider
{
get
{
return this["provider"] as string;
}
}
[ConfigurationProperty("serverGroup")]
public ServerGroup ServerGroup
{
get
{
return (ServerGroup)this["serverGroup"];
}
}
}
这里，将配置文件中的MailServerGroup节点与MailServerSection做映射，MailServerGroup节点中的属性provider与MailServerSection类中的属性做map。MailServerGroup节点中的serverGroup与MailServerSection类中的ServerGroup做map。这里的ServerGroup是一个继承自ConfigurationElementCollection的类。
1 public class ServerGroup : ConfigurationElementCollection
2 {
3 protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
4 {
5 return new MailServer();
6 }
7
8 protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
9 {
10 return ((MailServer)element).Client;
11 }
12
13 public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType
14 {
15 get
16 {
17 return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap;
18 }
19 }
20
21 protected override string ElementName
22 {
23 get
24 {
25 return "mailServer";
26 }
27 }
28 }
而真正储存数据的是MailServer类，该类继承自ConfigurationElement
public class MailServer : ConfigurationElement
{
[ConfigurationProperty("client",IsKey=true)]
public string Client
{
get
{
return this["client"] as string;
}
}
[ConfigurationProperty("address")]
public string Address
{
get
{
return this["address"] as string;
}
}
[ConfigurationProperty("userName")]
public string UserName
{
get
{
return this["userName"] as string;
}
}
[ConfigurationProperty("password")]
public string PassWord
{
get
{
return this["password"] as string;
}
}
}
做好map 后，可以编写测试代码显示结果:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
MailServerSection mailServerSection = (MailServerSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("MailServerGroup");
Console.WriteLine(mailServerSection.Provider);
Console.WriteLine(new string(‘-‘,20));
foreach (MailServer _mailServer in mailServerSection.ServerGroup)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}{1}{2}{3}",
_mailServer.Client.PadRight(15, ‘ ‘) + Environment.NewLine,
_mailServer.Address.PadRight(15, ‘ ‘) + Environment.NewLine,
_mailServer.UserName.PadRight(15, ‘ ‘) + Environment.NewLine,
_mailServer.PassWord.PadRight(15, ‘ ‘)));
Console.WriteLine(new string(‘-‘, 20));
}
PressQToExist();
}
运行结果:
现在我们在来看一下采用实现IConfigurationSectionHandler的方式获取配置信息。实现该接口需要实现Create方法。
这里我们通过轮循传入XmlNode的方式逐级获取MailServerGroup的各个节点及其属性值。传入参数section就是我们的配置节点。
1 public class MailServerGroupHandler : IConfigurationSectionHandler
2 {
3 public object Create(object parent, object configContext, XmlNode section)
4 {
5 MailServerGroup mailServerGroup = new MailServerGroup();
6 mailServerGroup.Provider = section.Attributes["provider"].Value;
7 foreach (XmlNode _serverGroup in section.ChildNodes)
8 {
9 ServerGroup serverGroup = new ServerGroup();
10 foreach (XmlNode _mailServer in _serverGroup.ChildNodes)
11 {
12 MailServer mailServer = new MailServer();
13 mailServer.Client = _mailServer.Attributes["client"].Value;
14 mailServer.Address = _mailServer.Attributes["address"].Value;
15 mailServer.UserName = _mailServer.Attributes["userName"].Value;
16 mailServer.PassWord = _mailServer.Attributes["password"].Value;
17 serverGroup.MailServer.Add(mailServer);
18 }
19 mailServerGroup.ServerGroup.Add(serverGroup);
20 }
21 return mailServerGroup;
22 }
23 }
下面的各个类分别与配置文件中的各个节点进行映射map：
1 public class MailServer
2 {
3 public string Client
4 {
5 get;
6 set;
7 }
8
9 public string Address
10 {
11 get;
12 set;
13 }
14
15 public string UserName
16 {
17 get;
18 set;
19 }
20
21 public string PassWord
22 {
23 get;
24 set;
25 }
26
27
28 }
29
30 public class ServerGroup
31 {
32 public List<MailServer> MailServer
33 {
34 get;
35 set;
36 }
37
38 public ServerGroup()
39 {
40 this.MailServer = new List<MailServer>();
41 }
42 }
43
44 public class MailServerGroup
45 {
46 public string Provider
47 {
48 get;
49 set;
50 }
51 public List<ServerGroup> ServerGroup;
52
53 public MailServerGroup()
54 {
55 this.ServerGroup = new List<ServerGroup>();
56 }
57 }
Note: 此例中的configSections中处理配置节点的类要换成MailServerGroupHandler，如下
1 <configSections> 2 <section name="MailServerGroup" type="ConsoleApplication11.MailServerGroupHandler,ConsoleApplication11"/> 3 4 </configSections>
现在我们可以在主函数中编写测试代码了:
1 static void Main(string[] args)
2 {
3
4 MailServerGroup mailServerGroup = (MailServerGroup)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("MailServerGroup");
5 Console.WriteLine(mailServerGroup.Provider);
6 Console.WriteLine(new string(‘-‘,20));
7 foreach (ServerGroup _serverGroup in mailServerGroup.ServerGroup)
8 {
9 foreach (MailServer _mailServer in _serverGroup.MailServer)
10 {
11 Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}{1}{2}{3}",
12 _mailServer.Client.PadRight(15, ‘ ‘) + Environment.NewLine,
13 _mailServer.Address.PadRight(15, ‘ ‘) + Environment.NewLine,
14 _mailServer.UserName.PadRight(15, ‘ ‘) + Environment.NewLine,
15 _mailServer.PassWord.PadRight(15, ‘ ‘)));
16 Console.WriteLine(new string(‘-‘, 20));
17 }
18
19 }
20 PressQToExist();
21 }
22
23
24 static void PressQToExist()
25 {
26 Console.WriteLine("Press Q to exist.");
27 ConsoleKey key;
28 do
29 {
30 key = Console.ReadKey().Key;
31 } while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
32 }
运行结果:
时间： 2024-10-09 09:02:02